Linux——安装apache

1. 检查机器是否已经安装了apache（系统自带）Centos6.5

rpm -qa |grep httpd

rpm -qa |grep apache

并检查/etc/httpd/httpd.conf 配置文件是否存在

如果存在则先卸载，或者关闭centos自带的web服务，执行chkconfig httpd off

并修改httpd的服务端口80为其他端口

2. 在官网下载对应的release

http://httpd.apache.org/

选择现在当前最新版本: httpd-2.4.25.tar.gz

3.将安装包拷贝到VM上并解压

tar -zxvf httpd-2.4.25.tar.gz 

4. 正常安装（另有安装一些相关插件会在后面补充）

进入httpd-2.4.25文件夹（cd httpd-2.4.25）

执行命令 

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2

然后报错：（找不到apr）

checking for chosen layout... Apache
checking for working mkdir -p... yes
checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /bin/grep
checking for egrep... /bin/grep -E
checking build system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
checking host system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
checking target system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
configure:
configure: Configuring Apache Portable Runtime library...
configure:
checking for APR... no
configure: error: APR not found.  Please read the documentation.

5. 处理apr问题

http://apr.apache.org/download.cgi 下载对应的安装包

以 apr-1.5.2.tar.gz 为例

和上段一致拷贝到文件夹下解压

tar -zxvf apr-1.5.2.tar.gz 

cd apr-1.5.2

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr

make

make install

成功后会出现很多文件安装   done 的字样

注意如果没有安装权限要sudo make/sudo make install

6. 处理apr-util问题

继续执行命令
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2

出现以下报错

checking for chosen layout... Apache
checking for working mkdir -p... yes
checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /bin/grep
checking for egrep... /bin/grep -E
checking build system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
checking host system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
checking target system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
configure:
configure: Configuring Apache Portable Runtime library...
configure:
checking for APR... yes
  setting CC to "gcc"
  setting CPP to "gcc -E"
  setting CFLAGS to " -g -O2 -pthread"
  setting CPPFLAGS to " -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE"
  setting LDFLAGS to " "
configure:
configure: Configuring Apache Portable Runtime Utility library...
configure:
checking for APR-util... no
configure: error: APR-util not found.  Please read the documentation.

继续安装apr-util依赖包 （参照apr下载地址）

以 apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz为例

命令和安装apr类似

tar -zxf apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz

cd apr-util-1.5.4

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util -with-apr=/usr/local/apr/bin/apr-1-config

make

make install

安装apr-util包编译时报错

 fatal error: expat.h: No such file or directory
 #include <expat.h>
                   ^
compilation terminated.
make[1]: *** [xml/apr_xml.lo] Error 1v

安装expat-deval 解决这个问题

7.继续编译安装apache

如果继续按照上文

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 可能仍然报错没安装apr-util

可是老娘刚才已经装了撒！

执行

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/

即可

编译的时候没有将apr-util路径加上他不认得罢了

继续，

[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/

checking for chosen layout... Apache
checking for working mkdir -p... yes
checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /bin/grep
checking for egrep... /bin/grep -E
checking build system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
checking host system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
checking target system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
configure:
configure: Configuring Apache Portable Runtime library...
configure:
checking for APR... yes
  setting CC to "gcc"
  setting CPP to "gcc -E"
  setting CFLAGS to " -g -O2 -pthread"
  setting CPPFLAGS to " -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE"
  setting LDFLAGS to " "
configure:
configure: Configuring Apache Portable Runtime Utility library...
configure:
checking for APR-util... yes
checking for gcc... gcc
checking whether the C compiler works... yes
checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out
checking for suffix of executables...
checking whether we are cross compiling... no
checking for suffix of object files... o
checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes
checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes
checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... none needed
checking how to run the C preprocessor... gcc -E
checking for gcc option to accept ISO C99... -std=gnu99
checking for pcre-config... false
configure: error: pcre-config for libpcre not found. PCRE is required and available from http://pcre.org/

在 http://pcre.org/ 安装pcre包

以pcre-8.40.tar.gz为例

tar -zxf pcre-8.40.tar.gz

cd pcre-8.40

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre

make

make install

8.继续编译安装apache

cd httpd-2.4.25

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/ --with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre

make

make install

9.启动apache

/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start

然后报错

AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message

vim /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf

添加

将

#ServerName www.examda.com:80 

改为

ServerName localhost:80即可

保存退出

重新启动

/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl restart

还是不行（此时能ping通）

最终发现，将iptables（防火墙）关闭即可

service iptables stop

在浏览器输入VM的IP地址访问，It works!

以上。

除此以外，上述所提及的几个包是安装apache必须的依赖包，

另外还有可能linux没有安装gcc

以下是安装gcc的guideline

gcc较为麻烦，不能用tar安装包来装，因为gcc自己依赖自己

所以只能用已经编译好的rpm来安装

参考网址：http://www.rpmfind.net/linux/rpm2html/search.php

找到gcc包相对应的你的linux系统版本，下载相对应的gcc，

执行命令 rpm -ivh gcc-XXXXXXXX，然后报错如下：

依照提示下载，

        cpp = 4.8.5-28.el7 is needed by gcc-4.8.5-28.el7.x86_64
        glibc-devel >= 2.2.90-12 is needed by gcc-4.8.5-28.el7.x86_64
        libgomp = 4.8.5-28.el7 is needed by gcc-4.8.5-28.el7.x86_64
        libmpc.so.3()(64bit) is needed by gcc-4.8.5-28.el7.x86_64
        libmpfr.so.4()(64bit) is needed by gcc-4.8.5-28.el7.x86_64

安装cpp报错：

        cpp = 4.8.5-28.el7 is needed by gcc-4.8.5-28.el7.x86_64
        glibc-devel >= 2.2.90-12 is needed by gcc-4.8.5-28.el7.x86_64
        libgomp = 4.8.5-28.el7 is needed by gcc-4.8.5-28.el7.x86_64
        libmpc.so.3()(64bit) is needed by gcc-4.8.5-28.el7.x86_64
        libmpfr.so.4()(64bit) is needed by gcc-4.8.5-28.el7.x86_64

安装顺序为：

        mpfr-> libmpc-> cpp->cpp->libgomp -> glibc-devel(此步报错)
        差
         glibc-headers is needed by glibc-headers-2.17-222.el7.x86_64
        装glibc-headers时，报错差
         kernel-headers is needed by glibc-headers-2.17-222.el7.x86_64

        下载后安装 kernel-headers->glibc-headers->glibc-devel->gcc
        
        
        弹出安装libgomp冲突
          file /usr/lib64/libgomp.so.1.0.0 from install of libgomp-4.8.5-28.el7.x86_64 conflicts with file from package libgomp-4.8.5-28.el7_5.1.x86_64

          此时安装libgomp命令变为
          rpm -ivh libgompXXXX --force --nodepes
          
          再安装gcc安装成功
        

安装prce报错
报错configure: error: Invalid C++ compiler or C++ compiler flags

则需要安装gcc-c++(C++编译器)        
        rpm安装包为：
        gcc-c++ & libstdc++ & libstdc++-devel