Spring MVC（二）基于注解的登陆界面获取用户名和密码并跳转其它页面

最新推荐文章于 2022-04-09 18:35:36 发布

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#spring mvc #web.xml #Annotation

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本文介绍如何使用Spring MVC的注解处理登录页面的用户名和密码，提交后跳转到其他页面。首先创建Java Web项目，配置DispatcherServlet和相关Spring JAR包，然后在webmvc-servlet.xml中配置控制器和视图解析器。接着创建login.jsp用于输入用户名和密码，通过注解映射处理登录请求，解决中文乱码问题，并在后台处理后将用户重定向到index.jsp页面。

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基于注解实现在登陆界面填写用户名和密码，提交后获取用户名和密码跳转到另一个页面

项目结构图：

一、新建一个JAVA WEB项目，并导入Spring的相关JAR包,并在web.xml中声明拦截器DispatcherServlet

<span style="font-size:18px;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
  <display-name>springmvc01</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app></span>

二、在WEB-INF下创建Spring配置文件，命名规则是【servlet-name】-servlet.xml，所以根据web.xml中可知，我们在WEB-INF下面创建springmvc-servlet.xml配置文件，在里面配置控制器和视图解析器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
						http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
						http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
						http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
						http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
						http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
	<!-- mvc注解驱动 -->
	<mvc:annotation-driven/>
	
	<!--只要定义了扫描器，注解驱动就不需要，扫描器已经有了注解驱动的功能 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.liu.controller"/>
	
	
	<!-- 配置HandlerMapping  根据benaname找到对应Conntroller  -->
	<!--  
	<bean
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.ControllerBeanNameHandlerMapping">
	</bean>
	-->

	<!-- 配置Controller -->
	<!--  
	<bean  name="index.do" class="com.liu.controller.HelloController"></bean>
	-->
	
	<!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<!-- 前缀 -->
		<property name="prefix" value="/view/"></property>
		<!-- 后缀 -->
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
	</bean>

</beans>

三、在WebContent下创建hello.jsp页面，发出请求：

<span style="font-size:18px;"><%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="index.do" method="post">
	用户名:<input type="text" name="username"/>
	密    码:<input type="text" name="password"> 
	<input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</form>	
</body>
</html></span>

四、在WebContent目录下创建文件夹view，里面用于渲染的jsp界面，并在里面新建index.jsp用于渲染：

<span style="font-size:18px;"><%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	<table border="1">
		<tr>
			<th>用户名</th>
			<th>密码</th>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>${username }</td>
			<td>${password }</td>
		</tr>
	</table>
</body>
</html></span>

五、创建控制器HelloController 继承AbstractController重写handleRequestInternal：

<span style="font-size:18px;">package com.liu.controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractController;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/test")
public class HelloController  {
	@RequestMapping("/index.do")
	public String users(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{
		String username = request.getParameter("username");
		String password = request.getParameter("password");
		System.out.println("----:"+username);
		System.out.println("----:"+password);
		
		request.setAttribute("username", username);
		request.setAttribute("password", password);
		
		return "/index";
	}
}</span>

六、解决中文乱码问题，Utf8Filter.java：

package com.liu.filter;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;

/**
 * Servlet Filter implementation class Utf8Filter
 */
@WebFilter("/*")
public class Utf8Filter implements Filter {

    /**
     * Default constructor. 
     */
    public Utf8Filter() {
    }

	/**
	 * @see Filter#destroy()
	 */
	public void destroy() {
	}

	/**
	 * @see Filter#doFilter(ServletRequest, ServletResponse, FilterChain)
	 */
	public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
		request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
		chain.doFilter(request, response);
	}

	/**
	 * @see Filter#init(FilterConfig)
	 */
	public void init(FilterConfig fConfig) throws ServletException {
	}

}

运行结果：