Oracle 11gR2安装

1. 下载地址

http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/oracle11g/R2/linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/oracle11g/R2/linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

2. 安装zip

yum install zip
yum install unzip 

3. 解压文件

unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

4. 移动database到oracle目录

mv database/ /usr/local/oracle/

5. 关闭SELINUX

/etc/selinux/config下设置

SELINUX=disabled

6. 安装依赖包

yum install gcc make binutils gcc-c++ compat-libstdc++-33elfutils-libelf-devel elfutils-libelf-devel-static ksh libaio libaio-develnumactl-devel sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel pcre-devel –y

7. 添加用户

groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
passwd oracle

8. 修改内核参数

/etc/sysctl.conf末尾添加

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 1073741824 #不小于内存一半，单位byte
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

9. 修改用户限制文件

/etc/security/limits.conf末尾添加

oracle           soft    nproc           2047
oracle           hard    nproc           16384
oracle           soft    nofile          1024
oracle           hard    nofile         65536
oracle           soft    stack           10240 

/etc/pam.d/login 末尾添加

session required  /lib64/security/pam_limits.so
session required   pam_limits.so 

/etc/profile 末尾添加

 if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
  if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
      ulimit -p 16384
      ulimit -n 65536
  else
      ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
  fi
fi

10. 创建安装目录

mkdir -p /data/oracle/product/11.2.0
mkdir /data/oracle/oradata
mkdir /data/oracle/inventory
mkdir /data/oracle/fast_recovery_area
chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/oracle
chmod -R 775 /data/oracle

11. 设置用户环境变量

切换到oracle用户
.bash_profile 末尾添加

ORACLE_BASE=/data/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0
ORACLE_SID=orcl #与安装的实例同名
PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID PATH

立即生效

source .bash_profile

12. 修改安装响应文件

cp -R /usr/local/oracle/database/response/ .

修改response/db_install.rsp文件

oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=CentOS
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/data/oracle/inventory
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN
ORACLE_HOME=/data/oracle/product/11.2.0
ORACLE_BASE=/data/oracle
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

13. 安装oracle

/usr/local/oracle/database/ 下执行

./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/response/db_install.rsp -ignorePrereq

执行成功

切换到root用户执行

sh /data/oracle/inventory/orainstRoot.sh
sh /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/root.sh

14. 配置监听

切换到oracle用户执行

netca /silent /responseFile /home/oracle/response/netca.rsp

15. 创建数据库实例

修改/home/oracle/response/dbca.rsp文件

RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0"
OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"
[CREATEDATABASE]
GDBNAME = "orcl"
SID = "orcl"

# Description   : Name of the template
# 建库用的模板文件
TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc"

# Description   : Password for SYS user
# SYS管理员密码
SYSPASSWORD = "123456"

# Description   : Password for SYSTEM user
# SYSTEM管理员密码
SYSTEMPASSWORD = "123456"

# Description   : Password for SYSMAN user
# SYSMAN管理员密码
SYSMANPASSWORD = "123456"

# Description   : Password for DBSNMP user
# DBSNMP管理员密码
DBSNMPPASSWORD = "123456"

# Description   : Location of the data file's
# 数据文件存放目录
DATAFILEDESTINATION =/data/oracle/oradata

# Description   : Location of the data file's
# 恢复数据存放目录
RECOVERYAREADESTINATION=/data/oracle/fast_recovery_area

# Description   : Character set of the database
# 字符集，重要!!! 建库后一般不能更改，所以建库前要确定清楚。
# (CHARACTERSET = "AL32UTF8" NATIONALCHARACTERSET= "UTF8")
CHARACTERSET = "ZHS16GBK"

# Description   : total memory in MB to allocate to Oracle
# oracle内存1638MB,物理内存2G*80%
TOTALMEMORY = "1638" 

执行静默配置

dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/response/dbca.rsp

16. 查看监听

lsnrctl status