centOS 7 安装 mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

#卸载系统自带的Mariadb
[root@localhost local]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost local]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

#删除etc目录下的my.cnf文件
[root@localhost local]# rm /etc/my.cnf
rm: 无法删除"/etc/my.cnf": 没有那个文件或目录

#检查mysql是否存在
[root@localhost local]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
[root@localhost local]# 

#检查mysql组和用户是否存在，如无创建
[root@localhost local]# cat /etc/group | grep mysql
[root@localhost local]# cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql

#创建mysql用户组
[root@localhost local]# groupadd mysql
#创建一个用户名为mysql的用户并加入mysql用户组
[root@localhost local]# useradd -g mysql mysql

#制定password 为**************
[root@localhost local]# passwd mysql
更改用户 mysql 的密码 。
新的 密码：
重新输入新的 密码：
passwd：所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。

解压到指定文件夹下
tar -vxzf mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ /usr/local/mysql/

#更改所属的组和用户
[root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql mysql/
[root@localhost local]# chgrp -R mysql mysql/
#在mysql文件夹下创建  数据库数据存储目录  data
[root@localhost local]# cd mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir data
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql data

#在etc下新建配置文件my.cnf，并在该文件内添加以下配置
[mysql]
# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集
default-character-set=utf8 
[mysqld]
skip-name-resolve
#设置3306端口
port = 3306 
# 设置mysql的安装目录
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
# 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
# 允许最大连接数
max_connections=200
# 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集
character-set-server=utf8
# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB 
lower_case_table_names=1
max_allowed_packet=16M

#安装和初始化
[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/

2018-03-07 20:15:37 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize
2018-03-07 20:15:41 [WARNING] The bootstrap log isn't empty:
2018-03-07 20:15:41 [WARNING] 2018-03-07T12:15:38.240438Z 0 [Warning] --bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using --initialize instead
2018-03-07T12:15:38.281730Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)
2018-03-07T12:15:38.281756Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: table_open_cache: 407 (requested 2000)

[root@localhost mysql]# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
#将脚本文件设置成可执行文件
[root@localhost mysql]# chown 777 /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost mysql]# chmod a+x /etc/init.d/mysqld

[root@localhost mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
 ERROR! MySQL server PID file could not be found!
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.
. SUCCESS! 
[root@localhost mysql]# killall mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 
[root@localhost mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 
#设置开机启动
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --list mysqld
注意：该输出结果只显示 SysV 服务，并不包含原生 systemd 服务。SysV 配置数据可能被原生 systemd 配置覆盖。 
      如果您想列出 systemd 服务,请执行 'systemctl list-unit-files'。
      欲查看对特定 target 启用的服务请执行
      'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'。

mysqld             0:关    1:关    2:开    3:开    4:开    5:开    6:关

[root@localhost mysql]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --list mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# service mysqld status
 SUCCESS! MySQL running (6272)
#编辑  vi /etc/profile
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
[root@localhost mysql]# source /etc/profile
#获得初始密码
[root@localhost bin]# cat /root/.mysql_secret 
# Password set for user 'root@localhost' at 2018-03-07 20:15:37 
hgfs1Z1uMw2=

#修改密码
[root@localhost bin]# mysql -uroot -p

[root@localhost init.d]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
#先关闭mysql
[root@localhost init.d]# ./mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
#使用安全模式登陆，跳过密码验证
[root@localhost init.d]# mysqld_safe --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking&
[1] 7059
[root@localhost init.d]# 2018-03-07T12:50:12.826995Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.
2018-03-07T12:50:12.861526Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data
[root@localhost init.d]# mysql -uroot  mysql
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.21 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> update user set authentication_string = password('**************') where user = 'root' and Host = 'localhost'
    -> ;
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 1

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye
[root@localhost init.d]# ls
functions  mysqld  netconsole  network  README
[root@localhost init.d]# ./mysqld 
Usage: mysqld  {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status}  [ MySQL server options ]
[root@localhost init.d]# ./mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL..2018-03-07T12:54:40.379190Z mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.pid ended
 SUCCESS! 
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 
[1]+  完成                  mysqld_safe --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking
[root@localhost init.d]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.21

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases
    -> ;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql> set password = password ('**************');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> show databases
    -> ;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit;
Bye
[root@localhost init.d]# ps -ef|grep mysql
root       7407      1  0 20:54 pts/0    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.pid
mysql      7608   7407  0 20:54 pts/0    00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=localhost.localdomain.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.pid --port=3306
root       7660   5149  0 20:57 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[root@localhost init.d]# ls
functions  mysqld  netconsole  network  README
[root@localhost init.d]# ./mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
[root@localhost init.d]# ps -ef|grep mysql
root       7696   5149  0 20:57 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[root@localhost init.d]# reboot
PolicyKit daemon disconnected from the bus.
We are no longer a registered authentication agent.
Connection closing...Socket close.

Connection closed by foreign host.

#添加远程访问权限
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.21 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> use mysql

Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed

mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

mysql> select host,user from user;
+-----------+---------------+
| host      | user          |
+-----------+---------------+
| %         | root          |
| localhost | mysql.session |
| localhost | mysql.sys     |
+-----------+---------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
#这里 @‘%’ 表示在任何主机都可以登录
mysql> create user 'xxx'@'%' identified by '123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
#重启mysql
[root@localhost init.d]# ./mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 
#为了在任何目录下可以登录mysql
[root@localhost init.d]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql   /usr/bin/mysql