alsa pcm设备创建

一个pcm实例由一个playback stream和一个capture stream组成，这两个stream又分别有一个或多个substreams组成。

代码位置

soc-core.c

soc-pcm.c

pcm.c

sound.c

pcm_native.c

相关结构体、

struct snd_pcm_ops {

    int (*open)(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream);

    int (*close)(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream);

    int (*ioctl)(struct snd_pcm_substream * substream,

             unsigned int cmd, void *arg);

    int (*compat_ioctl)(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,

             unsigned int cmd, void *arg);

    int (*hw_params)(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,

             struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params);

    int (*hw_free)(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream);

    int (*prepare)(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream);

    int (*trigger)(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int cmd);

    snd_pcm_uframes_t (*pointer)(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream);

    int (*delay_blk)(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream);

    int (*wall_clock)(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,

              struct timespec *audio_ts);

    int (*copy)(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int channel,

            snd_pcm_uframes_t pos,

            void __user *buf, snd_pcm_uframes_t count);

    int (*silence)(struct snd_pcm_substream *s