scrum团队
Conference calls. Cameras on. Sharing screens. Breakout rooms.
电话会议。 开启相机。 共享屏幕。 分组讨论室。
Distributed working in times of COVID has made these practices more ‘normal’ now than ever before.
在COVID时代,分布式工作使这些实践比以往任何时候都更加“正常”。
Technology like Zoom keeps us going and keeps us connected. I am massively grateful for the ability to stay productive using these platforms.
像Zoom这样的技术使我们保持前进并保持联系。 我非常感谢使用这些平台保持生产力的能力。
We’re still allowed to think about how to make it better! Empiricism, or the ability to look closely at something and consider how to improve it, is a foundation of the ways of working of Scrum Teams.
我们仍然可以考虑如何使其变得更好! 经验主义或密切关注某事物并考虑如何改进它的能力,是Scrum团队工作方式的基础。
I invite your Scrum Team to consider their listening skills on platforms like Zoom. (If you use other tools, the ideas here will still be relevant). I hope the practical advice shared here will help your Scrum Team listen to each other more intently, and that this will help you have more effective interactions.
我邀请您的Scrum团队考虑他们在Zoom等平台上的听力技能。 (如果您使用其他工具,那么这里的想法仍然有用)。 我希望这里分享的实用建议将帮助您的Scrum团队更专心地倾听彼此,并帮助您进行更有效的互动。
你在听么? (Are you listening?)
In 2020, the most mundane impediments to communication in teams can be summarised in 5 painful phrases:
2020年,团队沟通中最平凡的障碍可以归纳为5个痛苦的短语:
- “Can you hear me?” “你能听到我吗?”
- “You’re on mute.” “你沉默了。”
- “… I think you’re on double mute…” “……我想你处于双重静音状态……”
- “… I think you’re breaking up.” “……我想你要分手了。”
- “Could everyone go on mute if you’re not talking?” “如果您不讲话,每个人都可以保持静音吗?”
Unfortunately, fragmented interactions like this are the enemies of flow. They take us out of the moment and kill our ability to listen and to concentrate.
不幸的是,像这样零散的交互是流程的敌人。 他们把我们带离了当下,扼杀了我们倾听和专心的能力。
In her book “The Coaching Manual”, Julie Starr describes four levels of listening. I found them very relevant to my role working in a team, particularly in these Zoom-enabled days. (I’ve included an adapted image from Julie Starr’s book below)
朱莉·斯塔尔(Julie Starr)在她的《教练手册》中描述了听力的四个层次。 我发现它们与我在团队中的角色非常相关,尤其是在启用Zoom的日子里。 (我在下面提供了朱莉·斯塔尔的书中的改编图像)
I use Zoom a lot, and realised that different settings impacted my listening and could move me up or down a level. In addition, how others used the settings impacted my own perception of whether they were listening to me.
我经常使用Zoom,并意识到不同的设置会影响我的听力,并可能使我上下移动。 另外,其他人如何使用设置影响了我自己对他们是否在听我的看法。

美容听 (Cosmetic Listening)
At the cosmetic level, we are at a relatively passive level. On a Zoom call, this can manifest itself as behaviours that indicate divided attention.
在化妆品方面,我们处于相对被动的水平。 在Zoom通话中,这可以表现为表明注意力分散的行为。
For example, if my camera is off and my mic is on mute, am I really ‘there’?
例如,如果我的相机关闭并且我的麦克风处于静音状态,我真的在吗?
The Zoom call may even be on a background setting while I get other important work done.
当我完成其他重要工作时,Zoom呼叫甚至可能处于后台设置。
At this level of listening, I invite you to ask yourself: do you really need to be on that call? It is it an option for you to decline that invitation? It would be a better use of your time and attention to focus on that other work you are doing, and allow the others on that call to focus on what they need to do.
在这种聆听水平上,我邀请您问自己:您真的需要参加那个电话会议吗? 您可以拒绝邀请吗? 更好地利用您的时间和精力专注于您正在做的其他工作,并允许其他人专注于他们需要做的事情。
The Law of Two Feet from Open Space applies very well here!
开放空间的两尺定律在这里非常适用!

对话式听力(Conversational Listening)
At this level of listening, I am engaged. My mic is on mute, but only so the speaker can avoid interruption: I am ready to come off mute at any time.
在这种聆听水平上,我参与其中。 我的麦克风处于静音状态,但只有这样,扬声器才能避免受到干扰:我随时可以将静音设为静音。
The background noise where I am is ‘ambient’, meaning that there could be knocks on the front door, or the neighbours might be getting some DIY done, but I’m not going out of my way to find a quiet spot for this meeting.
我所在的背景噪音很“环境”,这意味着前门可能会被敲打,或者邻居可能会做一些自己动手做,但是我不会竭尽全力为这次会议找到一个安静的地方。
I switch my camera on, and self-view is there, unless I want to switch it off (more on that later).
我打开相机,就可以看到我的照片,除非我想关闭它(稍后再介绍)。
I might occasionally need to be interrupted by other work, simply because there is other important work going on: I may need to respond quickly to help keep something moving.
我可能偶尔需要被其他工作打扰,仅仅是因为还有其他重要的工作正在进行:我可能需要Swift做出响应以帮助保持某些进展。
Unfortunately, I don’t have empirical data, but I believe this is a very common level of listening for busy Scrum Teams.
不幸的是,我没有经验数据,但我相信这是繁忙的Scrum团队倾听的一个非常普遍的水平。
The question I put to you is: is this an appropriate level of listening?
我向您提出的问题是:这是适当的听力水平吗?
Wouldn’t it be awesome to practice getting to the next level? Imagine the repetition and waste we could avoid if everyone was focussed on the task at hand!
练习进入下一个水平会很棒吗? 想象一下,如果每个人都专注于手头的任务,我们可以避免的重复和浪费!
“Most people do not listen with the intent to understand; they listen with the intent to reply.”
“大多数人不听是为了理解; 他们听的目的是要回复。”
Stephen R. Covey, 7 Habits of Highly Effective People.
Stephen R. Covey,《高效能人士的七个习惯》 。
积极倾听 (Active Listening)
At this level, I am focussed on what is happening on the call: on a one to one conversation, I am attentively listening to the other person. In a group call, I am attentive to the whole conversation. In both situations, I am paying attention and recording facts.
在这个级别上,我专注于通话中发生的事情:在一对一对话中,我正在认真倾听对方的声音。 在小组通话中,我专注于整个对话。 在这两种情况下,我都会关注并记录事实。
I demonstrate this on a call by controlling my background noise if at all possible, and leaving my mic off mute. Switching my camera on shows that I am present.
我会在通话中演示此操作,方法是尽可能控制我的背景噪音,并使麦克风保持静音。 打开相机显示我在场。
Here’s a pro tip for Zoom users: if you want to stand a chance of active listening on any call, ‘Hide Self View’. This stops you from being able to see your own camera and removes a big impediment to my ability to concentrate: I can’t see my own reflection any more!
这是给Zoom用户的一个专业提示:如果您希望有机会在任何通话中积极聆听,请“隐藏自拍” 。 这使您无法看到自己的相机,并消除了我专心的能力的重大障碍:我再也看不到自己的反射了!
If you also want to give yourself a better chance of listening actively, size the Zoom window larger on the screen, and postpone all other work until the call is done.
如果您还想给自己一个更好的聆听机会,请在屏幕上将“缩放”窗口的尺寸调大一些,然后将所有其他工作推迟到通话结束为止。
Your task as an active listener is to ignore or mute those other notifications prompting you to divide your attention. That includes your mobile phone.
作为积极的倾听者,您的任务是忽略或静音那些提示您分散注意力的其他通知。 这包括您的手机。
深度聆听 (Deep Listening)
This is a deep cut: for the coaches out there. At this level, I am more focussed on you than me, so self-view is definitely off.
这是一个切入点:对于在那里的教练。 在这个级别上,我比我更专注于您,所以绝对不可以自视。
I’d suggest the call window could be maximised, but really what I mean by that is that everything else is minimised: the only thing you want to be paying attention to on-screen is the other person.
我建议可以将呼叫窗口最大化,但实际上我的意思是将其他所有信息都最小化:您要在屏幕上注意的唯一一件事就是其他人。
One possible exception might be a timer.
一个可能的例外可能是计时器。
At the level of deep listening, it is actually possible to listen to the other person and pick up on more signals that they are sending our way.
在深度聆听的水平上,实际上可以倾听另一个人,并从他们发送的更多信号中获悉。

Scrum团队可以在倾听水平上收缩(Scrum Teams can Contract on a Listening Level)
It’s not possible or advisable to stay in a state of deep listening all the time, however. It would be exhausting. Coaches in 121 sessions will engage that level, and I hope that the Zoom settings you use can help with that.
但是,不可能或建议始终保持深度聆听状态。 太累了。 121堂课中的教练将参与该级别的培训,我希望您使用的“缩放”设置对此有所帮助。
For Scrum Teams, could we engage in some contracting or a team agreement on these levels of listening?
对于Scrum团队,我们可以在这些聆听水平上签订一些合同或团队协议吗?
For example:
例如:
- We all agree to use the call settings as mapped out in our team agreement for conversational listening. 我们都同意使用团队协议中规定的通话设置进行会话监听。
- We will accept invitations to meetings when we can commit to at least a conversational level of listening. 当我们可以进行对话级别的聆听时,我们将接受会议邀请。
- Otherwise, if I know in advance that my attention will be divided, I have permission to opt-out. I will give the organiser as much advanced notice of this as possible. 否则,如果我事先知道我的注意力会分开,则我有权选择退出。 我将尽可能提前通知组织者。
Do you think this kind of contracting could make your remote meetings more effective?
您是否认为这种签约可以使您的远程会议更有效?
Scrum团队可以练习主动听力 (Scrum Teams can Practice Active Listening)
I would also recommend using a Zoom call to help your Scrum Team practice their listening skills. Try these simple exercises:
我还建议您使用Zoom呼叫来帮助您的Scrum团队练习他们的听力技能。 试试这些简单的练习:
1.不良听力练习 (1. Bad Listening Practice)
Duration: 10 minutes. 5 min breakout, 5 min debrief.
时长:10分钟。 5分钟突围,5分钟汇报。
- In pairs, assign two roles: Story Teller and Bad Listener. 成对分配两个角色:故事讲述人和坏听众。
- Bad Listener listens to Story Teller at Conversational Level but moves to Cosmetic level at a certain point. 不良听众会在会话级别上听故事讲述人,但在某个时候会移动到修饰对象级别。
- Bring the groups back and ask Story Tellers how it felt. 带回小组,问故事讲台的感觉如何。
- Then ask Bad Listeners how it felt. 然后问坏听众感觉如何。
2.积极的听力练习 (2. Active Listening Practice)
Duration: 10 minutes. 5 min breakout, 5 min debrief.
时长:10分钟。 5分钟突围,5分钟汇报。
- In pairs (same as before or different) assign two roles: Active Listener and Story Teller. 成对(与以前相同或不同)分配两个角色:“主动侦听器”和“故事讲述者”。
- This time the listener moves into the Active Mode. 这次,听众进入活动模式。
- Bring the groups back. Ask Story Tellers how it felt. 带回团体。 询问讲故事的人感觉如何。
- Then ask Active Listeners how it felt. 然后询问主动听众感觉如何。
了解,合同与实践 (Understand, Contract and Practice)
Understanding the levels of listening that are possible, and the ways to shift between them on Zoom calls could help you and your Scrum Team to think a little bit more about how they are listening to each other.
了解可能的收听级别以及在Zoom通话中在它们之间切换的方式可以帮助您和您的Scrum团队对他们彼此的收听方式多一些思考。
Contracting on these levels of listening could help your team be more transparent about how they are listening to each other. Perhaps we need to inspect how we are doing it a little more closely and change our practices a little bit.
在这些级别的监听上签约可以帮助您的团队更加透明地彼此交流。 也许我们需要更仔细地检查我们的工作方式,并稍微改变一下做法。
Finally, practising together can help us all learn how to listen to each other more effectively. The two exercises I’ve described here are quick, safe-to-fail experiments that you can take with a Scrum Team to evaluate how we are doing with our listening skills.
最后,一起练习可以帮助我们所有人更有效地学习彼此倾听。 我在这里描述的两个练习是一个快速,成功通过的实验,您可以与Scrum团队一起进行评估,以评估我们在听力技能方面的表现。
We all need to be listened to. Helping your Scrum Team improve their listening skills will give you a better chance of success, and hopefully not only with Scrum.
我们都需要倾听。 帮助您的Scrum团队提高他们的听力技能将为您提供更大的成功机会,并且希望不仅限于Scrum。

scrum团队