mysql 5.5.15 linux_mysql 5.5.15 源码包在linux5.5_x86_64 安装

首先在mysql的官方网站下载安装所需要的源码包，由于源码包的安装需要cmake的支持，因此：

[root@mysqla ~]# uname -a

Linux mysqla.richinfo.cn 2.6.18-194.el5xen #1 SMP Tue Mar 16 22:01:26 EDT 2010 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

[root@mysqla ~]# cd /soft/

[root@mysqla soft]# ll

total 28652

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root5517977 Aug7 12:01 cmake-2.8.5.tar.gz

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 23774015 Aug7 12:02 mysql-5.5.15.tar.gz

(1) cmake的安装

[root@mysqla soft]# tar -xvf cmake-2.8.5.tar.gz

[root@mysqla cmake-2.8.5]# vim Readme.txt

从文档中获取以下安装步骤

$ ./bootstrap;

make;

make install

(2) mysql的安装

A.建立mysql用户以及mysql组

[root@mysqla cmake-2.8.5]# groupadd mysql

[root@mysqla cmake-2.8.5]# useradd -g mysql mysql

B.创建mysql数据库的相关目录，并且赋予权限

[root@mysqla cmake-2.8.5]# mkdir/usr/local/mysql

[root@mysqla cmake-2.8.5]# mkdir /data/mysql -p

[root@mysqla cmake-2.8.5]# mkdir /etc/mysql

[root@mysqla cmake-2.8.5]# chown mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql

[root@mysqla cmake-2.8.5]# chown mysql.mysql /etc/mysql

[root@mysqla cmake-2.8.5]# chown mysql.mysql /data/mysql –R

[root@mysqla etc]# chmod 755 /data/mysql -R

[root@mysqla etc]# chmod 755 /etc/mysql

[root@mysqla etc]# chmod 755 /usr/local/mysql

C．编译并安装mysql

Cmake采用以下参数

cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \

-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/mysql/data/\

-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc/mysql/ \

-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/etc/mysql/mysqld.sock \

-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \

-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \

-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \

-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \

-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \

-DMYSQL_USER=mysql

相关参数的查询可以参考帮助文档：

[root@mysqla mysql-5.5.15]# cmake . -LH

-- MySQL 5.5.15

-- Configuring done

-- Generating done

-- Build files have been written to: /soft/mysql-5.5.15

-- Cache values

也可以查看官档：

-DSYSCONFDIR=dir_name

The defaultmy.cnfoption file directory. // mysql的my.cnf存放路径

DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=file_name

The Unix socket file path on which the server listens for socket connections. This must be an absolute path name. The default is/tmp/mysql.sock.

This value can be set at server startup with theoption. //socket的存放路径，其文件用于服务器的监听和套接链接

################################################################

Cmake时会出现如下警告信息：

CMake Warning:

Manually-specified variables were not used by the project:

MYSQL_USER

去掉-DMYSQL_USER=mysql参数

[root@mysqla mysql-5.5.15]# rmCMakeCache.txt

rm: remove regular file `CMakeCache.txt'? y

继续编译通过

#############################################################################

如果出现一下错误：

cmake .

-- MySQL 5.5.8

-- Could NOT find Curses (missing:CURSES_LIBRARY CURSES_INCLUDE_PATH)

CMake Error at cmake/readline.cmake:82 (MESSAGE):

Curses library not found.Please install appropriate package,

remove CMakeCache.txt and rerun cmake.On Debian/Ubuntu, package name is libncurses5-dev, on Redhat and derivates it is ncurses-devel.

Call Stack (most recent call first):

cmake/readline.cmake:126 (FIND_CURSES)

cmake/readline.cmake:216 (MYSQL_USE_BUNDLED_LIBEDIT)

CMakeLists.txt:256 (MYSQL_CHECK_READLINE)

-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!

安装：

# yum -y install ncurses-devel

##############################################################################

Make

Make install

复制配置文件my.cnf

[root@mysqla mysql]# cp /soft/mysql-5.5.15/support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf

使用chown chmod更改文件的权限与属组

配置开机自启动：

[root@mysqla mysql]# cp /soft/mysql-5.5.15/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

[root@mysqla mysql]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql

[root@mysqla mysql]# chkconfig--add mysql

[root@mysqla mysql]# chkconfig mysql on

[root@mysqla mysql]# chkconfig --list | grep mysql

mysql0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off

[root@mysqla mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db--basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/ --user=mysql

Installing MySQL system tables...

110807 16:25:41 [ERROR] Unknown collation: 'utf8-general_ci'

110807 16:25:41 [ERROR] Aborting

110807 16:25:41 [Note] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: Shutdown complete

由于在编译时采用了错误的DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8-general_ci(utf8_general_ci)设置，因此在my.cnf使用了character_set_server = utf8初始化DB

但是在登录时，也出现了一下错误：

[root@mysqla mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p

Enter password:

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql: Collation 'utf8-general_ci' is not a compiled collation and is not specified in the '/usr/local/mysql/share/charsets/Index.xml' file

ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)

[root@mysqla mysql]#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password '123456'

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin: Collation 'utf8-general_ci' is not a compiled collation and is not specified in the '/usr/local/mysql/share/charsets/Index.xml' file

[root@mysqla mysql]# vim /usr/local/mysql/share/charsets/Index.xml

[root@mysqla mysql]#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password '123456'

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin: connect to server at 'localhost' failed

error: 'Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)'

更改了/usr/local/mysql/share/charsets/Index.xml的内容：

Unicode

UTF-8 Unicode

utf-8

"utf8_general_ci"id="33">

primary

compiled

id="83">

binary

compiled

更改为：

Unicode

UTF-8 Unicode

utf-8

"utf8-general_ci"id="33">

primary

compiled

id="83">

binary

compiled

查看官方文档：

-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=collation_name

The server collation. By default, MySQL useslatin1_swedish_ci. Use thestatement to determine which collations are available for each character set.

This value can be set at server startup with theoption.

个人理解：每个字符集都有自己的默认校验字符集，对于每种字符集的数据库，mysql均会采用指定的collation方式，排序就会用到此校验规则。

mysql> create table tt (name varchar(10)) character set utf8;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> insert into tt values('aa');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> insert into tt values('AA');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into tt values('ab');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> insert into tt values('AB');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> insert into tt values('ac');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into tt values('AC');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from tt order by name collate utf8_bin;

+------+

| name |

+------+

| AA|

| AB|

| AC|

| aa|

| ab|

| ac|

+------+

6 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from tt order by name collate utf8_general_ci;

+------+

| name |

+------+

| aa|

| AA|

| ab|

| AB|

| ac|

| AC|

+------+

6 rows in set (0.00 sec)