oracle xe服务重启电脑老是关闭,Linux下让Oracle服务自动启动与停止

默认地，如果在Windows下安装Oracle的话，会注册相应的服务，并随着操作系统启动而自动启动。但是，在Linux(环境是：RHEL5.2)下却需要进行一些配置才能实现这个功能。具体如下：

一、修改Oracle系统配置文件/etc/oratab

[root@RHEL ~]# gedit /etc/oratab

/etc/oratab 格式为： SID:ORACLE_HOME:AUTO，把AUTO域设置为Y(大写)。只有这样，oracle 自带的dbstart和dbshut才能够发挥作用。我的环境为：orcl:/usr/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1:Y

二、编写服务脚本

[root@RHEL ~]# gedit /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle

内容为：

#!/bin/bash

#

#################FUNCTION#############

#

# AutoStart Oracle and listener Using dbstart

# AutoStop Oracle and listener Using dbstop

#

#####################################

#

# Edited by LDY 2009-01-04

#

ORACLE_HOME=/usr/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1

LOG=$ORACLE_HOME/oracle.log

case "$1" in

start)

echo "Starting Oracle Databases ... "

echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> $LOG 2>&1

date +" %T %a %D : Starting Oracle Databasee as part of system up." >> $LOG 2>&1

su - oracle -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart" >> $LOG 2>&1

echo "Done."

date +" %T %a %D : Finished." >> $LOG 2>&1

echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> $LOG 2>&1

touch /var/lock/subsys/oracle

;;

stop)

echo "Stopping Oracle Databases ... "

echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> $LOG 2>&1

date +" %T %a %D : Stopping Oracle Databases as part of system down." >> $LOG 2>&1

su - oracle -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut" >> $LOG 2>&1

echo "Done."

date +" %T %a %D : Finished." >> $LOG 2>&1

echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> $LOG 2>&1

rm -f /var/lock/subsys/oracle

;;

restart)

$0 stop

$0 start

;;

*)

echo "Usage: oracle {start|stop|restart}"

exit 1

esac

保存后，需要修改一下权限：

[root@RHEL ~]# chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle

关于这部分服务的编写，可以参考/etc/rc.d/init.d下其他服务，比如iptables之类的。

三、建立服务连接

系统启动时启动数据库，我们需要以下连结∶

[root@RHEL ~]# ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle /etc/rc.d/rc2.d/S99oracle

[root@RHEL ~]# ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/S99oracle

[root@RHEL ~]# ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle /etc/rc.d/rc5.d/S99oracle #rc4.d unused

要在重新启动时停止数据库，我们需要以下连结∶

[root@RHEL ~]# ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle /etc/rc.d/rc0.d/K01oracle # stop

[root@RHEL ~]# ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle /etc/rc.d/rc6.d/K01oracle # restart

四、修改dbstart和dbshut

尽管在服务脚本中，用到了dbstart和dbshut，但是还不知道里面有些什么。其实，还是需要简单地修改一下这两个文件，以便正确启动oracle 监听服务。

[oracle@RHEL ~]$  gedit $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart

可以在内容中找到：

# Set this to bring up Oracle Net Listener

ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=/ade/vikrkuma_new/oracle

if [ ! $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER ] ; then

echo "ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is not SET, unable to auto-start Oracle Net Listener"

else

LOG=$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/listener.log

# Start Oracle Net Listener

if [ -f $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/tnslsnr ] ; then

echo "$0: Starting Oracle Net Listener" >> $LOG 2>&1

$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/lsnrctl start >> $LOG 2>&1 &

export VER10LIST=`$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/lsnrctl version | grep "LSNRCTL for " | cut -d' ' -f5 | cut -d'.' -f1`

else

echo "Failed to auto-start Oracle Net Listene using $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/tnslsnr"

fi

fi

这部分内容是启动Oracle监听服务，但是它指定的路径却是：/ade/vikrkuma_new/oracle。需要修改一下，变成我们自己的安装路径：

ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=/usr/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1

需要说明的是，如果监听(Listener)的名字不是标准的，那么还需要修改：$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/lsnrctl start 为$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/lsnrctl start [监听名]。

[oracle@RHEL ~]$  gedit $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut

找遍内容，却没有发现有关于停止监听服务的内容。为了于dbstart对应，在文件中添加如下内容(其中着色部分是添加的内容)：

.......................................................

# Save LD_LIBRARY_PATH

SAVE_LLP=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

# Added by ldy 2009-01-04

# Set this to stop Oracle Net Listener

ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=/usr/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1

if [ ! $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER ] ; then

echo "ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is not SET, unable to auto-stop Oracle Net Listener"

else

LOG=$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/listener.log

# Stop Oracle Net Listener

if [ -f $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/tnslsnr ] ; then

echo "$0: Stopping Oracle Net Listener" >> $LOG 2>&1

$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/lsnrctl stop >> $LOG 2>&1 &

export VER10LIST=`$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/lsnrctl version | grep "LSNRCTL for " | cut -d' ' -f5 | cut -d'.' -f1`

else

echo "Failed to auto-stop Oracle Net Listene using $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/tnslsnr"

fi

fi

# End Added

# Set this in accordance with the platform

ORATAB=/etc/oratab

.......................................................

五、验证服务

最简单的办法，就是重启电脑，查看效果。重启之后：

[oracle@RHEL ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Jan 4 18:41:37 2009

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME    STATUS

---------------- ------------

orcl             OPEN

[oracle@RHEL ~]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 04-JAN-2009 18:42:25

Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=RHEL.smnpc.com)(PORT=1521)))

STATUS of the LISTENER

------------------------

Alias                     LISTENER

Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

Start Date                04-JAN-2009 15:16:45

Uptime                    0 days 3 hr. 25 min. 40 sec

Trace Level               off

Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication

SNMP                      OFF

Listener Parameter File   /usr/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora

Listener Log File         /usr/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log

Listening Endpoints Summary...

(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=RHEL.smnpc.com)(PORT=1521)))

(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC0)))

Services Summary...

Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "orclXDB" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "orcl_XPT" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

The command completed successfully

当然，也可以手动启动／关闭／重启服务：

[root@RHEL ~]# sercice oracle start

[root@RHEL ~]# sercice oracle stop    [root@RHEL ~]# sercice oracle restart

如果在oracle用户下，那么直接用dbstart或者dbshut就可以了。此外，如果想启动数据库服务时也启动管理器或者isqlplus，那么还需要修改一下dbstart和dbshut脚本，或者在服务脚本中进行编写。增加：emctl start dbconsole和isqlplusctl start。