设计一个分数类java_Java 有理数类 分数类 Rational类的设计与实现

本文介绍了一个Java实现的Rational类,该类用于表示有理数,并实现了加、减、乘、除运算,保证分数始终处于最简形式。同时,Rational类继承自Number并实现了Comparable接口,支持字符串表示及与其他类型转换。示例代码详细展示了类的构造、方法和覆盖的方法。

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要实现Rational类的加减乘除,要实现其可比较性,要覆盖toString()方法,要实现不同数据类型的转换等。

package chapter14;

public class Rational extends Number implements Comparable {

private long numerator=0;

private long denominator=1;

public Rational(){

this(0,1);

}

public Rational(long numerator, long denominator) {

// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub

long gcd=gcd(numerator,denominator);

this.numerator=((denominator>0)?1:-1)*numerator/gcd;

this.denominator=Math.abs(denominator)/gcd;

}

private static long gcd(long n, long d) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

long n1=Math.abs(n);

long n2=Math.abs(d);

int gcd=1;

for(int k=1;k<=n1&&k<=n2;k++){

if(n1%k==0&&n2%k==0)

gcd=k;

}

return gcd;

}

public long getNumerator(){

8.17 (Rational Numbers) Create a class called Rational for performing arithmetic with fractions. Write a program to test your class. Use integer variables to represent the private instance variables of the class the numerator and the denominator. Provide a constructor that enables an object of this class to be initialized when it is declared. The constructor should store the fraction in reduced form. The fraction 2/4 is equivalent to 1/2 and would be stored in the object as 1 in the numerator and 2 in the denominator. Provide a no-argument constructor with default values in case no initializers are provided. Provide public methods that perform each of the following operations: a. Add two Rational numbers: The result of the addition should be stored in reduced form. b. Subtract two Rational numbers: The result of the subtraction should be stored in reduced form. c. Multiply two Rational numbers: The result of the multiplication should be stored in reduced form. d. Divide two Rational numbers: The result of the division should be stored in reduced form. e. Print Rational numbers in the form a/b, where a is the numerator and b is the denominator. f. Print Rational numbers in floating-point format. (Consider providing formatting capabilities that enable the user of the class to specify the number of digits of precision to the right of the decimal point.) – 提示: – 有理数是有分子、分母以形式a/b表示的,其中a是分子,b是分母。例如,1/3,3/4,10/4。 – 有理数的分母不能为0,分子却可以为0。每个整a等价于有理数a/1。有理数用于分数的精确计算中。例如1/3=0.0000…,它不能使用型double或float的浮点格式精确表示出来,为了得到准确结果,必须使用有理数。 – Java提供了整和浮点型,但是没有提供有理数型。 – 由于有理数、浮点有许多共同特征,并且Number字包装的根,因此,把有理数Rational定义为Number一个是比较合适的。由于有理数是可比较的,那么Rational也应该实现Comparable接口。
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