项目在本地和服务器的区别,本地服务器的搭建和前后端打通(一)

本文介绍了作者在实习期间搭建SSM(Spring、SpringMVC、Mybatis)项目的过程,包括环境配置、项目创建、依赖管理、配置文件设置、数据库连接以及简单的用户注册和登录接口实现。通过这个过程,读者可以了解如何在本地搭建后台服务器并实现前后端数据交互。

15年进入大学,虽然不敢说什么一眼万年,但是我转眼也有三年多了。目前正在实习中。毕设题目已经选好。选了我的数据库老师(本来是不打算涉及到后台部分的,只是打算前端显示的炫酷一些,因为想法中都是使用网上的公开 API 实现)

老师和我说到时候会问数据库的问题,所以一定要有工作量,再加上我一直有些后悔大学上课没有好好学习后台开发,当然学校的知识你们都懂的。所以正好逼自己一下,比较彻底的了解后台的基本开发和入门。

这里我要很感谢一个为了爱从宁波跑到广西的老哥,他在我学习中给予了非常大的帮助,每次我问他问题都会耐心的解答。

话不多说,先介绍一下我的环境:

window 10

Idea 2018

tomcat 7,8 都有使用(我装了两个)

AndroidStudio 3.2.1

gradle 4.6

maven 负责 jar 包管理

后台使用框架技术:SSM,App 端请求:RxJava + Retrofit 实现简单网络的访问。

一:后台的搭建

1)新建 maven 项目

这里大家可以有两个选择,一个是新建 maven 空项目,一个是新建 maven web 项目都可以。不过我好像看过一篇文章说新建 maven 空项目的好处,不过不管了,这里我使用的是 新建 maven web 项目。

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字写的比较丑,,,见谅,接下来点击 next

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这里的名字随便写,没什么影响,点击 next

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因为我单独装过 maven 3.6 版本,这样会便于管理,因为路径和配置什么的方便查找,如果你是用第二个也没啥关系,那是系统自带的,其实对于一般使用来说没什么区别。

点击 next

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这里点击 auto-import 即可。其他的一些基础系统会自动帮你配置,你只需要等待就 ok 了。

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当看到出现这几个打字,尤其是 finish 之后就说明基本项目新建好了。接下来就是配置 SSM 了。

下面我会列出我的配置信息

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这是项目刚新建好的目录结构

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这是项目搭建完成后的目录,下面是配置信息。

大家新建项目的时候可以按照这个来操作

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不同的资源文件夹有不同的颜色,大家对号入座就行

pom.xml 文件

xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

4.0.0

com.jiwenjie

Gratuation_example

1.0-SNAPSHOT

war

Gratuation_example Maven Webapp

http://www.example.com

UTF-8

1.7

1.7

junit

junit

4.11

test

junit

junit

4.11

test

org.slf4j

slf4j-api

1.7.12

ch.qos.logback

logback-core

1.1.1

mysql

mysql-connector-java

5.1.36

runtime

c3p0

c3p0

0.9.1.2

org.mybatis

mybatis

3.4.1

org.mybatis

mybatis-spring

1.3.0

taglibs

standard

1.1.2

javax.servlet

jstl

1.2

com.fasterxml.jackson.core

jackson-core

2.8.1

com.fasterxml.jackson.core

jackson-databind

2.8.1

javax.servlet

javax.servlet-api

3.1.0

org.springframework

spring-core

4.1.7.RELEASE

org.springframework

spring-beans

4.1.7.RELEASE

org.springframework

spring-context

4.1.7.RELEASE

org.springframework

spring-jdbc

4.1.7.RELEASE

org.springframework

spring-tx

4.1.7.RELEASE

org.springframework

spring-web

4.1.7.RELEASE

org.springframework

spring-webmvc

4.1.7.RELEASE

org.springframework

spring-test

4.1.7.RELEASE

commons-io

commons-io

1.3.2

commons-fileupload

commons-fileupload

1.2.1

Gratuation_example

maven-clean-plugin

3.1.0

maven-resources-plugin

3.0.2

maven-compiler-plugin

3.8.0

maven-surefire-plugin

2.22.1

maven-war-plugin

3.2.2

maven-install-plugin

2.5.2

maven-deploy-plugin

2.8.2

这里是 maven 包的自动导入,大家把这些导入后等待就 ok 了。

jdbc.properties 文件

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/douban_movie?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false

jdbc.username=root

jdbc.password=root

jdbc.initialPoolSize=10

jdbc.maxPoolSize=30

jdbc.minPoolSize=10

jdbc.checkoutTimeout=1000

jdbc.acquireRetryAttempts=2

jdbc.idleConnectionTestPeriod=60

jdbc.maxIdleTime=240

jdbc.acquireIncrement=5

jdbc.maxConnectionAge=3000

jdbc.maxStatements=0

log4j.porperties 文件

log4j.logger.org.mybatis=TRACE

log4j.logger.com.suny.dao=TRACE

log4j.rootLogger=WARN, stdout

log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender

log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout

log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %p [%c] - %m%n

log4j.appender.logfile=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender

log4j.appender.logfile.File=target/spring.log

log4j.appender.logfile.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout

log4j.appender.logfile.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %p [%c] - %m%n

mybatis-config.xml 文件

/p>

PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"

"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">

logback.xml 文件

%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n

spring-dao.xml 文件

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

spring-service.xml 文件

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

spring-web.xml 文件

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

web.xml 文件

/p>

"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"

"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee

http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"

version="3.1"

metadata-complete="true">

Archetype Created Web Application

index.jsp

mvc-dispatcher

org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet

contextConfigLocation

classpath:spring/spring-*.xml

1

mvc-dispatcher

/

到此基本配置结束,接下来就是代码的部分

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User 实体类

package com.example.entity;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonInclude;

/**

* author: Jiwenjie

* email: Jiwenjie97@gmail.com

* time: 2018-12-22

* desc:

*/

@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_NULL) // 去除返回接口值为 null 的字段

public class User {

private Integer id;

private String username;

private String phone;

private int isAdmin;

private String avatar;

private String password;

@Override

public String toString() {

return "User{" +

"id=" + id +

", username='" + username + '\'' +

", phone='" + phone + '\'' +

", isAdmin=" + isAdmin +

", avatar='" + avatar + '\'' +

", password='" + password + '\'' +

'}';

}

public Integer getId() {

return id;

}

public void setId(Integer id) {

this.id = id;

}

public String getUsername() {

return username;

}

public void setUsername(String username) {

this.username = username;

}

public String getPhone() {

return phone;

}

public void setPhone(String phone) {

this.phone = phone;

}

public String getAvatar() {

return avatar;

}

public void setAvatar(String avatar) {

this.avatar = avatar;

}

public int getIsAdmin() {

return isAdmin;

}

public void setIsAdmin(int isAdmin) {

this.isAdmin = isAdmin;

}

public String getPassword() {

return password;

}

public void setPassword(String password) {

this.password = password;

}

}

UserDao 接口

package com.example.dao;

import com.example.entity.User;

import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

/**

* author: Jiwenjie

* email: Jiwenjie97@gmail.com

* time: 2018-12-22

* desc:

*/

@Repository

public interface UserDao {

void registerUser(@Param("username") String username, @Param("password") String password, @Param("phone") String phone);

User userLogin(@Param("username") String username, @Param("password") String password);

User findUserByName(@Param("username") String username);

User findUserByPhone(@Param("phone") String phone);

}

UserDao.xml 文件,名字要与 UserDao 完全一致才可以匹配对应

/p>

PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"

"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

INSERT INTO users (username, password, phone) VALUES (#{username}, #{password}, #{phone})

SELECT id, username, phone, avatar, is_admin FROM users WHERE username = #{username} AND password = #{password}

SELECT id, username, phone, avatar, is_admin FROM users WHERE username=#{username}

SELECT id, username, phone, avatar, is_admin FROM users WHERE phone = #{phone}

UserService 接口

package com.example.service;

import com.example.entity.User;

/**

* author: Jiwenjie

* email: Jiwenjie97@gmail.com

* time: 2018-12-22

* desc:

*/

public interface UserService {

void registerUser(String username, String password, String phone);

User userLogin(String username, String password);

User findUserByName(String username);

User findUserByPhone(String phone);

}

service 的实现类

package com.example.service.impl;

import com.example.dao.UserDao;

import com.example.entity.User;

import com.example.service.UserService;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**

* author: Jiwenjie

* email: Jiwenjie97@gmail.com

* time: 2018-12-22

* desc:

*/

@Service

public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

@Autowired

private UserDao userDao;

@Override

public void registerUser(String username, String password, String phone) {

userDao.registerUser(username, password, phone);

}

@Override

public User userLogin(String username, String password) {

return userDao.userLogin(username, password);

}

@Override

public User findUserByName(String username) {

return userDao.findUserByName(username);

}

@Override

public User findUserByPhone(String phone) {

return userDao.findUserByPhone(phone);

}

}

UserController 实现类

package com.example.controller;

import com.example.common.Constant;

import com.example.entity.User;

import com.example.service.UserService;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonSerialize;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.Map;

/**

* author: Jiwenjie

* email: Jiwenjie97@gmail.com

* time: 2018-12-22

* desc:

*/

@Controller

@RequestMapping(value = "/user")

public class UserController {

@Autowired

private UserService userService;

@Autowired

private HttpSession session;

/**

* 注册用户接口

* @param username 用户名

* @param password 密码

* @param phone 手机号

* @return 注册结果

*/

@RequestMapping(value = "/register", method = RequestMethod.POST)

@ResponseBody

public Map registerUser(@RequestParam String username, @RequestParam String password, @RequestParam String phone) {

Map map = new HashMap<>();

System.out.println("进入注册响应");

System.out.println("用户名:" + username);

System.out.println("密码:" + password);

System.out.println("手机号:" + phone);

/**

* 是否存在相同用户名用户

*/

User nUser = userService.findUserByName(username);

User pUser = userService.findUserByPhone(phone);

if (nUser != null) {

map.put("message", "the username has been register");

map.put("code", HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST.value());

} else if (pUser != null) {

map.put("message", "the phone number has been register");

map.put("code", HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST.value());

} else {

try {

userService.registerUser(username, password, phone);

map.put("message", "succeed");

map.put("code", HttpStatus.OK.value());

} catch (Exception e) {

map.put("message", "failed");

map.put("code", HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST.value());

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

return map;

}

/**

* 用户登录接口

*

* @param username 用户名

* @param password 密码

* @return 登录结果

*/

@JsonSerialize(include = JsonSerialize.Inclusion.NON_NULL)

@RequestMapping(value = "/login", method = RequestMethod.POST)

@ResponseBody

public Map userLogin(@RequestParam String username, @RequestParam String password) {

Map map = new HashMap<>();

System.out.println("进入登陆接口");

System.out.println("用户名:" + username);

System.out.println("密码:" + password);

User user = userService.userLogin(username, password);

if (user != null) {

session.setAttribute(Constant.SESSION_USER, user);

map.put("user", user);

map.put("code", HttpStatus.OK.value());

map.put("message", "succeed");

System.out.println("登陆成功");

} else {

map.put("message", "not register");

map.put("code", HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND.value());

System.out.println("登陆失败");

}

return map;

}

}

AuthorizationInterceptor 权限校验

package com.jiwenjie.common.interceptor;

import com.jiwenjie.common.Constant;

import com.jiwenjie.common.auth.AuthPassport;

import com.jiwenjie.entity.User;

import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;

import org.springframework.web.method.HandlerMethod;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import java.io.PrintWriter;

/**

* author: Jiwenjie

* email: Jiwenjie97@gmail.com

* time: 2018-12-13

* desc:

*/

public class AuthorizationInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {

@Override

public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object handler) throws Exception {

if (handler.getClass().isAssignableFrom(HandlerMethod.class)) {

AuthPassport authPassport = ((HandlerMethod) handler).getMethodAnnotation(AuthPassport.class);

if (authPassport == null) {

System.out.println(httpServletRequest.getRequestURL().toString());

return true;

} else {

User user = (User) httpServletRequest.getSession().getAttribute(Constant.SESSION_USER);

if (user == null) {

httpServletResponse.setStatus(HttpStatus.FORBIDDEN.value());

PrintWriter pw = httpServletResponse.getWriter();

pw.write("{\"code\" : 403, \"message\" : \"Need Login\"}");

pw.flush();

pw.close();

return false;

} else

return true;

}

}

return false;

}

@Override

public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {

System.out.println("AuthorizationInterceptor: postHandle -->");

}

@Override

public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) throws Exception {

System.out.println("AuthorizationInterceptor: afterCompletion -->");

}

}

自定义接口

package com.jiwenjie.common.auth;

import java.lang.annotation.*;

/**

* author: Jiwenjie

* email: Jiwenjie97@gmail.com

* time: 2018-12-13

* desc:

*/

@Documented

@Inherited

@Target(ElementType.METHOD)

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)

public @interface AdminPassport {

}

package com.jiwenjie.common.auth;

import java.lang.annotation.*;

/**

* author: Jiwenjie

* email: Jiwenjie97@gmail.com

* time: 2018-12-13

* desc:

*/

@Documented

@Inherited

@Target(ElementType.METHOD)

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)

public @interface AuthPassport {

}

public class Constant {

public static final String SESSION_USER = "session_user";

}

所有的代码文件到此基本完成。接下来来看下配置 tomcat

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好,接下来就是运行就可以证明后台搭建成功了。

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这是点击按钮后运行成功的结果,点击提交我们再看

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是不是发现一个很神奇的事,返回的是 json 数据而不是网页,这里大家可以去看看源码,其实 json 的底层就是 hashMap。再次说明了基础知识的重要。

好了后台的搭建就到这里,我会在写一篇文章来继续描述。

源码会在整理有编辑放出。

这里做了修改,进行了简化处理,只有登陆和注册,确保我们的主要目的就是打通前后台

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