1,分割视图控制器(UISplitViewController)
在iPhone应用中,使用导航控制器由上一层界面进入下一层界面。
但iPad屏幕较大,通常使用SplitViewController来实现导航(这个是iPad专用的视图控制器)。在横屏下,左侧显示一个导航列表,点击后右边显示对应的详情。竖屏情况下显示方式会有所不同,默认只显示详细面板,原来左侧的导航列表会通过浮动窗口隐藏,需要从边缘向内拖动来显示。
2,开发兼容的iOS应用
有时候需要开发兼容iPhone、iPod、iPad的应用,这时候需要判断设备类型,如果是iPhone、iPod就不应该使用SplitViewController。另外处理方式也会有变化,如点击列表项时,在iPad直接在右侧展示详情,而iPhone却需要导航到详细页。
iOS提供了UIDevice类来判断设备的类型,其userInterfaceIdiom属性返回设备类型枚举
3,样例效果图
iPhone:
iPad:(注:iPad要旋转成横屏,竖屏下一片空白)
4,样例代码
--- AppDelegate.swift 应用入口 ---
import UIKit
@UIApplicationMain
class AppDelegate: UIResponder, UIApplicationDelegate {
var window: UIWindow?
func application(application: UIApplication,
didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [NSObject: AnyObject]?) -> Bool {
self.window = UIWindow(frame: UIScreen.mainScreen().bounds)
// Override point for customization after application launch.
self.window!.backgroundColor = UIColor.whiteColor()
self.window!.makeKeyAndVisible()
//初始化列表面板
let master = MasterViewController()
//初始化详情面板
let detail = DetailViewController()
//设置列表面板引用详情面板,以便用户点击列表项时调用详情面板的相应方法
master.detailViewController = detail
//用导航包装master列表,显示导航条,如果是分割面板也不影响功能
let nav = UINavigationController(rootViewController: master)
// 如果是iPhone或iPod则只显示列表页,如果是iPad则显示分割面板
if (UIDevice.currentDevice().userInterfaceIdiom == .Phone) {
self.window!.rootViewController = nav
}
else {
//初始化分割面板
let split = UISplitViewController()
//设置分割面板的2个视图控制器
split.viewControllers = [nav, detail]
//分割面板作为window的主视图加载
self.window!.rootViewController = split
}
return true
}
func applicationWillResignActive(application: UIApplication) {
}
func applicationDidEnterBackground(application: UIApplication) {
}
func applicationWillEnterForeground(application: UIApplication) {
}
func applicationDidBecomeActive(application: UIApplication) {
}
func applicationWillTerminate(application: UIApplication) {
}
}
--- MasterViewController.swift 列表页 ---
import UIKit
class MasterViewController: UIViewController, UITableViewDelegate, UITableViewDataSource {
// 表格加载
var tableView:UITableView?
// 控件类型
var ctrls = ["UILabel", "UIButton", "UIImageView", "UISlider"]
//
var detailViewController:DetailViewController?
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
self.title = "Swift控件演示"
self.tableView = UITableView(frame:self.view.frame, style:UITableViewStyle.Plain)
self.tableView!.delegate = self
self.tableView!.dataSource = self
self.tableView!.registerClass(UITableViewCell.self, forCellReuseIdentifier: "SwiftCell")
self.view.addSubview(self.tableView!)
}
override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() {
super.didReceiveMemoryWarning()
// Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}
// UITableViewDataSource协议方法
func tableView(tableView: UITableView, numberOfRowsInSection section: Int) -> Int
{
return self.ctrls.count
}
// UITableViewDataSource协议方法
func tableView(tableView: UITableView, cellForRowAtIndexPath indexPath: NSIndexPath)
-> UITableViewCell
{
let cell = tableView.dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier("SwiftCell",
forIndexPath: indexPath)
cell.accessoryType = UITableViewCellAccessoryType.DisclosureIndicator
cell.textLabel?.text = self.ctrls[indexPath.row]
return cell
}
// UITableViewDelegate协议方法,点击时调用
func tableView(tableView: UITableView, didSelectRowAtIndexPath indexPath: NSIndexPath)
{
//调用DetailViewController的方法更新详细页
detailViewController!.loadControl(self.ctrls[indexPath.row])
//如果是iPhone、iPod则导航到详情页
if (UIDevice.currentDevice().userInterfaceIdiom == .Phone) {
// 跳转到detailViewController,取消选中状态
//self.tableView!.deselectRowAtIndexPath(indexPath, animated: true)
// navigationController跳转到detailViewController
self.navigationController!.pushViewController(detailViewController!, animated:true)
}
}
}
--- DetailViewController.swift 详情页 ---
import UIKit
class DetailViewController: UIViewController {
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
self.view.backgroundColor = UIColor.whiteColor()
let ctrl = self.title != nil ? self.title! : ""
loadControl(ctrl)
}
override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() {
super.didReceiveMemoryWarning()
}
func loadControl(ctrl:String) {
clearViews()
switch (ctrl) {
case "UILabel":
let label = UILabel(frame: self.view.bounds)
label.backgroundColor = UIColor.clearColor()
label.textAlignment = NSTextAlignment.Center
label.font = UIFont.systemFontOfSize(36)
label.text = "Hello, Hangge.com"
self.view.addSubview(label)
case "UIButton":
let button = UIButton(frame: CGRectMake(110,120,100,60))
button.backgroundColor = UIColor.blueColor()
button.setTitleColor(UIColor.redColor(), forState: UIControlState.Normal)
button.setTitleColor(UIColor.whiteColor(), forState: UIControlState.Highlighted)
button.setTitle("点击我", forState: .Normal)
self.view.addSubview(button)
default:
print("clicked: \(ctrl)")
}
}
func clearViews() {
for v in self.view.subviews {
v.removeFromSuperview()
}
}
}
(注意:项目直接新建一个Master-Detail Application,就已经具有同上述一样的兼容iPhone、iPad的二级导航功能)