淘宝SOA框架dubbo学习（7）--异步调用

直接上代码：

1、服务提供端及客户端共享代码

package com.alibaba.dubbo.demo;

public interface DemoService2 {
    Person getPersion(String name);
}

package com.alibaba.dubbo.demo;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class Person implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -8994496944734041861L;
    private int age;
    private String name;

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person [age=" + age + ", name=" + name + "]";
    }
}

2、客户端代码

import java.util.concurrent.Future;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.DemoService2;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.Person;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.rpc.RpcContext;

public class Consumer {

    /**
     * @param args
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
                new String[] { "classpath:consumer.xml" });
        context.start();

        // 异步调用示例
        DemoService2 demoService2 = (DemoService2) context.getBean("demoService2");

        Person p = demoService2.getPersion("hanshubo");
        System.out.println(p);

        Future<Person> pFuture = RpcContext.getContext().getFuture();

        p = pFuture.get();
        System.out.println(p);
    }
}

3、客户端配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans        
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd        
    http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo        
    http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
 
    <!-- 消费方应用名，用于计算依赖关系，不是匹配条件，不要与提供方一样 -->
    <dubbo:application name="consumer-of-helloworld-app"  />
 
    <!-- 使用zookeeper注册中心暴露发现服务地址 -->
    <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181" />
 
    <!-- 生成远程服务代理 -->
    <dubbo:reference id="demoService" interface="com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.DemoService" retries="2" />
 
    <!-- 生成远程服务代理 -->
    <dubbo:reference id="validationService" interface="com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.ValidationService"
    	 retries="2" validation="true"
    	  />
 
    <!-- 生成远程服务代理 -->
    <dubbo:reference id="demoService2" interface="com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.DemoService2" async="true" />
	
</beans>

注：重点关注下面这行代码，就OK啦

async="true"

4、服务提供端代码

package com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.provider;

import com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.DemoService2;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.Person;

public class DemoService2Impl implements DemoService2 {
    @Override
    public Person getPersion(String name) {
        Person r = new Person();
        r.setAge(123);
        r.setName(name);
        return r;
    }
}

4、服务提供端配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd 
    http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
    http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
 
    <!-- 提供方应用信息，用于计算依赖关系 -->
    <dubbo:application name="hello-world"  />
 
    <!-- 使用zookeeper注册中心暴露发现服务地址 -->
    <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181" />
 
    <!-- 用dubbo协议在20880端口暴露服务 -->
    <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880" />
 
    <!-- 声明需要暴露的服务接口 -->
    <dubbo:service interface="com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.DemoService" ref="demoService" />
 
    <!-- 和本地bean一样实现服务 -->
    <bean id="demoService" class="com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.provider.DemoServiceImpl" />
 
    <!-- 声明需要暴露的服务接口 -->
    <dubbo:service interface="com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.ValidationService" ref="validationService" />
 
    <!-- 和本地bean一样实现服务 -->
    <bean id="validationService" class="com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.provider.ValidationServiceImpl" />
    
    <bean id="cacheService" class="com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.provider.CacheServiceImpl" />
	
	<dubbo:service interface="com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.CacheService" ref="cacheService" />
 
    <!-- 声明需要暴露的服务接口 -->
    <dubbo:service interface="com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.DemoService2" ref="demoService2" />
 
    <!-- 和本地bean一样实现服务 -->
    <bean id="demoService2" class="com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.provider.DemoService2Impl" />
 
</beans>

5、也可以设置是否等待消息发出：(异步总是不等待返回)

• sent="true" 等待消息发出，消息发送失败将抛出异常。

• sent="false" 不等待消息发出，将消息放入IO队列，即刻返回。

• <dubbo:method name="findFoo" async="true" sent="true" />

6、如果你只是想异步，完全忽略返回值，可以配置return="false"，以减少Future对象的创建和管理成本：

<dubbo:method name="findFoo" async="true" return="false" />