C++ 子类对象变量和虚函数表内存结构

天使在飞-666

已于 2022-02-07 20:55:08 修改

阅读量724

点赞数

CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

分类专栏： C++ 文章标签： c++ 开发语言

于 2022-02-07 20:50:46 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_37614967/article/details/122814318

C++ 专栏收录该内容

6 篇文章

订阅专栏

本文探讨了C++中的类继承、虚函数和VTable的关系，通过实例展示了如何在基类和派生类中实现动态调用，并解析了VTable在内存中的作用。重点涉及B类继承A类、虚函数的使用和动态调用的实现过程。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class A
{
public:
    unsigned long long i;
	virtual void funcA() {
	    cout << "in  A virtual funcA" <<endl;
	}
	
    virtual void funcCommon() {
	    cout << "in  A virtual funcCommon" <<endl;
	}
	void p_A_i() {
	    cout << "A part print ==== i = " << i << ", &i = " << &i <<endl;
	}
};

class A1
{
public:
    unsigned long long i;
    virtual void funcCommon() {
	    cout << "in  A funcCommon" <<endl;
	}
    virtual void func2() {
	
	}
	void p_A_i() {
	    cout << "A part print ==== i = " << i << ", &i = " << &i <<endl;
	}
	
	void p_A_i_1() {
	    cout << "A part print p_A_i_1 ==== i = " << i << ", &i = " << &i <<endl;
	}
};


class B : public A
{
public:
    unsigned long long  i;
	unsigned long long j;
    virtual void funcCommon() {
	    cout << "in  B virtual funcCommon" <<endl;
	}
	
	virtual void funcB() {
	    cout << "in  B virtual funcB" <<endl;
	}
    void p_B_i() {
	    cout << "B part print ==== i = " <<i << ", &i = "<< &i
		     << ",  &j  = " <<&j <<endl;
	}
};

typedef void (*func)();

int main()
{
	B b;
	b.i = 10;
	
	b.A::i = 88;
	
	cout << "sizeof (&b) = " << sizeof(&b) <<endl ;
    cout << "----------------------------------------" << endl;
	
	cout << "sizeof (A) = " << sizeof(A) << ", sizeof(A1) = " <<sizeof(A1)<<endl ;
	cout << "----------------------------------------" << endl;
	
    cout << "&b = " << &b << ", b.i = " << b.i <<endl ;
    cout << "----------------------------------------" << endl;
	
	b.p_A_i();
	b.p_B_i();  
    cout << "----------------------------------------" << endl;
	
	
	// &base : base首地址
	// (unsigned long*)&base : base的首地址，vptr的地址
	// (*(unsigned long*)&base) : vptr的内容，即vtable的地址，指向第一个虚函数的slot的地址
	// (unsigned long*)(*(unsigned long*)&base) : vtable的地址，指向第一个虚函数的slot的地址
	// vtbl : 指向虚函数slot的地址
	// *vtbl : 虚函数的地址
	unsigned long* vtbl = (unsigned long*)(*(unsigned long*)&b);
	func pfunc = (func)*(vtbl);
    pfunc();
	cout << "----------------------------------------" << endl;
	
	vtbl++;
    func pfunc1 = (func)*(vtbl);
    pfunc1();	
	cout << "----------------------------------------" << endl;
	
	
	vtbl++;
    func pfunc2 = (func)*(vtbl);
    pfunc2();
	cout << "----------------------------------------" << endl;
	
	
	

	
    return 0;
}

sizeof (&b) = 8
----------------------------------------
sizeof (A) = 16, sizeof(A1) = 16
----------------------------------------
&b = 0x7fff20f56d70, b.i = 10
----------------------------------------
A part print ==== i = 88, &i = 0x7fff20f56d78
B part print ==== i = 10, &i = 0x7fff20f56d80,  &j  = 0x7fff20f56d88
----------------------------------------
in  A virtual funcA
----------------------------------------
in  B virtual funcCommon
----------------------------------------
in  B virtual funcB
----------------------------------------