恢复服务器备份文件怎么恢复,恢复没有备份过的数据文件

【IT168 服务器学院】测试条件：

1.RMAN的配置如下：

RMAN> show all;

RMAN configuration parameters are:

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default

CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default

CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO ''%F''; # default

CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 3;

CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1; # default

CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK MAXPIECESIZE 500 M;

CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default

CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO ''/u01/oracle/product/9.2.0/dbs/snapcf_DBAP01.f''; # default

2.数据库的备份没有了，但归档的和未归档的日志文件都在；

3.新建的数据文件丢失了，这个数据文件还从来没有备份过；

4.当前的所有控制文件都丢失了；

要求：把丢失的数据文件恢复回来.

完整的测试过程：

创建一个Tablespace,在move一个Table上去:

SQL> create tablespace ts_home

2  datafile ''/u02/oradata/DBAP01/ts_home01.dbf'' size 10m;

Tablespace created.

Elapsed: 00:00:01.37

SQL> alter table scott.t6 move tablespace ts_home;

Table altered.

Elapsed: 00:00:03.05

SQL> select tablespace_name from dba_segments where segment_name=''T6'';

TABLESPACE_NAME

------------------------------

TS_HOME

Elapsed: 00:00:00.09

SQL> select count(*) from scott.t6;

COUNT(*)

----------

28750

Elapsed: 00:00:00.03

SQL>

在RMAN中关闭数据库:

RMAN> shutdown abort

Oracle instance shut down

RMAN>

到相应的目录删除数据文件和所有控制文件及备份的数据文件:

bash-2.03$ ls -l

total 20105652

-rw-r-----   1 oracle   oinstall 1199816704 Mar  2 12:57 df_DBAP01_584024242_153_1.bak

-rw-r-----   1 oracle   oinstall 1155883008 Mar  2 12:58 df_DBAP01_584024287_154_1.bak

-rw-r-----   1 oracle   oinstall 1054892032 Mar  2 12:59 df_DBAP01_584024332_155_1.bak

-rw-r-----   1 oracle   oinstall 984891392 Mar  2 13:00 df_DBAP01_584024387_156_1.bak

-rw-r-----   1 oracle   oinstall 891461632 Mar  2 13:01 df_DBAP01_584024442_157_1.bak

-rw-r-----   1 oracle   oinstall 1571045376 Mar  2 13:02 df_DBAP01_584024498_158_1.bak

-rw-r-----   1 oracle   oinstall 1541619712 Mar  2 13:03 df_DBAP01_584024563_159_1.bak

-rw-r-----   1 oracle   oinstall 1889370112 Mar  2 13:04 df_DBAP01_584024618_160_1.bak

-rw-r-----   1 oracle   oinstall    1536 Nov 23 09:04 orapwDBAP01

bash-2.03$ rm *.*

bash-2.03$ ls -l

total 4

-rw-r-----   1 oracle   oinstall    1536 Nov 23 09:04 orapwDBAP01

bash-2.03$ cd /u02/oradata/DBAP01/

bash-2.03$ ls -l

total 25625792

-rw-r-----   1 oracle   oinstall 2482176 Mar  2 13:23 control01.ctl

-rw-r-----   1 oracle   oinstall 2482176 Mar  2 13:23 control02.ctl

-rw-r-----   1 oracle   oinstall 2482176 Mar  2 13:23 control03.ctl

... ...

-rw-r-----   1 oracle   oinstall 10493952 Mar  2 13:20 ts_home01.dbf

... ...

bash-2.03$ rm control01.ctl

bash-2.03$ rm control02.ctl

bash-2.03$ rm control03.ctl

bash-2.03$ rm ts_home01.dbf

bash-2.03$

启动数据库到nomount状态:

RMAN> startup nomount;

connected to target database (not started)

Oracle instance started

Total System Global Area     322929752 bytes

Fixed Size                      730200 bytes

Variable Size                201326592 bytes

Database Buffers             117440512 bytes

Redo Buffers                   3432448 bytes

RMAN>

转存控制文件:

RMAN> restore controlfile from autobackup;

Starting restore at 02-MAR-06

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=13 devtype=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for autobackup on day: 20060302

channel ORA_DISK_1: autobackup found: c-3635722556-20060302-03

channel ORA_DISK_1: controlfile restore from autobackup complete

replicating controlfile

input filename=/u02/oradata/DBAP01/control01.ctl

output filename=/u02/oradata/DBAP01/control02.ctl

output filename=/u02/oradata/DBAP01/control03.ctl

Finished restore at 02-MAR-06

RMAN>

修改数据库到mount状态:

RMAN> alter database mount;

database mounted

RMAN>

此时的数据库中是没有ts_home的信息的：

SQL> select * from v$tablespace where name=''TS_HOME'';

no rows selected

Elapsed: 00:00:00.02

SQL> select name from v$datafile where name like ''%ts_home%'';

no rows selected

Elapsed: 00:00:00.02

SQL>

恢复数据库：

RMAN> recover database;

Starting recover at 02-MAR-06

using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery

archive log thread 1 sequence 1 is already on disk as file /u02/oradata/DBAP01/redo01.log

archive log filename=/u02/oradata/DBAP01/redo01.log thread=1 sequence=1

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 03/02/2006 13:34:26

ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors

RMAN-11003: failure during parse/execution of SQL statement: alter database recover logfile ''/u02/oradata/DBAP01/redo01.log''

ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors

ORA-01244: unnamed datafile(s) added to controlfile by media recovery

ORA-01110: data file 25: ''/u02/oradata/DBAP01/ts_home01.dbf''

RMAN>错误信息提示没有数据文件记录在控制文件中：

ORA-01244: unnamed datafile(s) added to controlfile by media recovery

ORA-01110: data file 25: ''/u02/oradata/DBAP01/ts_home01.dbf''

创建数据文件：

SQL> alter database create datafile 25 as ''/u02/oradata/DBAP01/ts_home01.dbf'';

Database altered.

Elapsed: 00:00:00.40

SQL>

继续做recover:

RMAN> recover database;

Starting recover at 02-MAR-06

using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery

archive log thread 1 sequence 1 is already on disk as file /u02/oradata/DBAP01/redo01.log

archive log filename=/u02/oradata/DBAP01/redo01.log thread=1 sequence=1

media recovery complete

Finished recover at 02-MAR-06

RMAN>

数据恢复成功，确认数据文件是否恢复回来：

SQL> select name from v$datafile where name like ''%ts_home%'';

NAME

--------------------------------------------------

/u02/oradata/DBAP01/ts_home01.dbf

Elapsed: 00:00:00.01

SQL> select * from v$tablespace where name=''TS_HOME'';

TS# NAME                           INC

---------- ------------------------------ ---

30 TS_HOME                        YES

Elapsed: 00:00:00.00

SQL>

以resetlogs的方式大开数据库：

RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;

database opened

RMAN>

确认数据是否恢复回来：

SQL> l

1* select segment_name from dba_segments where tablespace_name=''TS_HOME''

SQL> /

SEGMENT_NAME

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

T6

Elapsed: 00:00:00.27

SQL> select count(*) from scott.t6;

COUNT(*)

----------

28750

Elapsed: 00:00:00.05

SQL>

至此，数据库恢复成功。在这个过程中，我们不需要去找出数据文件的创建时间，RMAN会自动把数据库恢复到创建数据文件时的那个时间点。