python字符串数组转数字类型_将字符串字段的numpy数组转换为数字格式

I have an array of strings grouped into three fields:

x = np.array([(-1, 0, 1),

(-1, 1, 0),

(0, 1, -1),

(0, -1, 1)],

dtype=[('a', 'S2'),

('b', 'S2'),

('c', 'S2')])

I would like to convert to a numerical array (of type np.int8 for a preference, but not required), shaped 4x3, instead of the fields.

My general approach is to transform into a 4x3 array of type 'S2', then use astype to make it numerical. The only problem is that the only approach I can think of involves both view and np.lib.stride_tricks.as_strided, which doesn't seem like a very robust solution:

y = np.lib.stride_tricks.as_strided(x.view(dtype='S2'),

shape=(4, 3), strides=(6, 2))

z = y.astype(np.int8)

This works for the toy case shown