计算机组成 结构化方法第六版,计算机组成结构化方法6.ppt

计算机组成结构化方法6

Tanenbaum, Structured Computer Organization, Fifth Edition, (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 0-13-148521-0 The Operating SystemMachine Level Chapter 6 Operating System Machine Positioning of the operating system machine level. Paging A mapping in which virtual addresses 4096 to 8191 are mapped onto main memory addresses 0 to 4095. Implementation of Paging (1) Implementation of Paging (2) Implementation of Paging (3) Formation of a main memory address from a virtual address. Demand Paging and the Working Set Model Page Replacement Policy Failure of the LRU algorithm. Segmentation (1) In a one-dimensional address space with growing tables, one table may bump into another. Segmentation (2) A segmented memory allows each table to grow or shrink independently of the other tables. Segmentation (3) Comparison of paging and segmentation. Implementation of Segmentation (1) (a)-(d) Development of external fragmentation. (e) Removal of the external fragmentation by compaction. Implementation of Segmentation (2) Conversion of a two-part MULTICS address into a main memory address. Virtual Memory on the Pentium 4 (1) A Pentium 4 selector. A Pentium 4 code segment descriptor. Data segments differ slightly. Virtual Memory on the Pentium 4 (2) Conversion of a (selector, offset) pair to a linear address. Virtual Memory on the Pentium 4 (3) Mapping of a linear address onto a physical address. Virtual Memory on the Pentium 4 (4) Protection on the Pentium 4. Virtual Memory on the UltraSPARC III (1) Virtual to physical mappings on the UltraSPARC. Virtual Memory on the UltraSPARC III (2) Data structures used in translating virtual addresses on the UltraSPARC. (a) TLB. (b) TSB. (c) Translation table. Implementation of Virtual I/O Instructions (1) Reading a file consisting of logical records. (a) Before reading record 19. (b) After reading record 19. Implementation of Virtual I/O Instructions (2) Disk allocation strategies. (a) A file in conse