CSV文件读、写

CSV

导入方法库：

import csv
# 打开读、写文档
with open(in_file_path, 'r', newline="") as in_file:
    with open(out_file_path, 'w', newline="") as out_file:
        # 创建读取迭代器，逐行读取数据
        filereader = csv.reader(in_file, delimiter=",")
        filewriter = csv.writer(out_file, delimiter=",")

用记事本打开csv文件，看到的格式是下面这样的：

object,weight,type
apple,3,fruit
dog,23,animal
apple,3,fruit
dog,23,animal
apple,3,fruit
dog,23,animal
apple,3,fruit
dog,23,animal

每条数据各个属性之间用", "隔开。

filereader = csv.reader(in_file, delimiter=",")

上句中的delimiter参数就是把读到的数据行中的逗号删去，转化为python的列表（list）格式：

["apple", "3", "fruit"]

列表就类似于Java数组，区别在于列表中元素的类型可以不一致。

a = ["apple", "3", "fruit"]
print(a[0])		# 结果为apple
print(a[2])		# 结果为fruit

# 列表追加新元素
a.append("plant")
# 结果：
# ["apple", "3", "fruit", "plant"]

读csv文件

开始先用上面的代码获取文件的第一行：

header = next(filereader)

["object", "weight", "type"]

然后用循环逐行读取：

for row_list in filereader:
    print(row_list)

打印的结果如下：

["apple", "3", "fruit"]
["dog", "23", "animal"]
["apple", "3", "fruit"]
["dog", "23", "animal"]
["apple", "3", "fruit"]
["dog", "23", "animal"]
["apple", "3", "fruit"]
["dog", "23", "animal"]

写csv文件

写之前先将需要写入的数据行写成列表形式，然后写入：

row_list = ["zyz", "22", "cool_man"]
filewriter.writerow(row_list)

完整示例：

import csv
# 读
with open(in_file_path, 'r', newline="") as in_file:
    # 创建迭代器
    filereader = csv.reader(in_file, delimiter=",")
        for row_list in filereader:
    		print(row_list)
# 写
with open(out_file_path, 'w', newline="") as out_file:
    # 创建迭代器
    filewriter = csv.writer(out_file, delimiter=",")
    row_lists = [["zyz", "22", "cool_man"],
                 ["zyz", "22", "cool_man"],
                 ["zyz", "22", "cool_man"],
                 ["zyz", "22", "cool_man"]]
    for row_list in row_lists:
        filewriter.writerow(row_list)