SpringBoot的XML和注解实现事务

1、注解方式

1.1、主启动类

import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;

@EnableTransactionManagement
@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("cn.yx.zg.mapper")
public class HelloWorldApplication{
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(HelloWorldApplication.class, args);
    }
}

在service类上加注解@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)，表示该方法开启事务。 如果把注解加到类上，表示该类的所有方法开启事务。

@Service("userService")
@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    @Override
    public int inserUser(User user) {
        return userMapper.inserUser(user);
    }
}

2、XML方式

虽然注解方式实现了SpringBoot的事务管理，很简单吧。 但是烦人的是，需要在每个service类上或者方法上加上@Transactional注解，让我感觉非常不友好。如果一个新手程序员，不知道@Transactional注解是干啥的，所以我干脆用XML配置一次，不让他们关注事务了。感觉还是不错的。

2.1、主启动类

2.2、transaction.xml详解

新建transaction.xml， 放在resource目录下。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

<bean id="transactionManager"
      class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" ></property>
</bean>

<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
    <tx:attributes>
        <!--isolation="DEFAULT"隔离级别
            read-only 只读(提示数据库驱动程序和数据库系统，这个事务并不包含更改数据的操作)
            rollback-for 发生这些异常回滚
            no-rollback-for 发生这些异常不回滚
         -->
        <tx:method name="query*"  propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true"></tx:method>
        <tx:method name="get*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true"></tx:method>
        <tx:method name="select*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true"></tx:method>
        <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" rollback-for="Exception" ></tx:method>
    </tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<aop:config>
    <aop:pointcut id="allManagerMethod" expression="execution (* cn.yx.zg.service.*.*(..))"/>
    <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="allManagerMethod" order="0"/>
</aop:config>
</beans>

2.3、加载transaction.xml

启动类新加@ImportResource

import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportResource;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;

@MapperScan("cn.yx.zg.mapper")
@SpringBootApplication
@ImportResource("classpath:transaction.xml")
@EnableTransactionManagement
public class HelloWorldApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 启动spring 应用
        SpringApplication.run(HelloWorldApplication.class, args);
    }
}

如果需要了解事务隔离级别相关概念，请参考：
事务隔离级别，Spring、SpringBoot事务传播行为