JAVAFX控件——TableView数据的导入和插入（数据库）

原创已于 2025-09-04 12:34:05 修改 · 1.3w 阅读

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#mysql #java #jdbc #sql #数据库

于 2020-10-18 15:22:42 首次发布

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本文详细介绍如何使用 JavaFX 创建 TableView，包括基本表格搭建、数据模型定义、从数据库导入数据及实时更新表格内容等核心功能。

在JavaFx应用中对创建表格最重要的TableView， TableColumnh和TableCell这三个类。

你可以通过实现数据模型（data model）和实现单元格工厂(cell factory) 来填充表格。

表格类提供了表格列嵌入式的排序能力和必要时调整列宽度的功能。
下面开始学习表格类的相关内容。

1.创建一个表格

先创建一个表格：

public class table extends Application {
    public void start(Stage procedrue) throws Exception{
        //定义表格的行标
        TableView<Person> table = new TableView();
        TableColumn id = new TableColumn("id");
        TableColumn name = new TableColumn("name");
        TableColumn phone = new TableColumn("phone");
        TableColumn address = new TableColumn("Address");
        
        //表格列宽宽度设置
        id.setMinWidth(100);
        name.setMinWidth(100);
        phone.setMinWidth(100);
        address.setMinWidth(100);
        table.getColumns().addAll(id, name, phone, address);
 
        Scene scene = new Scene(table,400, 200);
        procedrue.setTitle("Table View Sample");
        procedrue.setScene(scene);
        procedrue.show();
    }
}

主函数运行table类

import javafx.application.Application;

pub

lic class start_mai

   public static void main(String[] args) {
       Application.launch(table.class);
   }
}

运行后得到：

2.定义数据模型，导入数据到表中

注意数据类型要一致，否则会向表中导入失败

确定表中数据类型

public class table extends Application {
    public void start(Stage procedrue) throws Exception{
          //向Student类中的Student函数中存入数据
		ObservableList<Student> data =
        	    FXCollections.observableArrayList(
        	        new Student(1, "小民", "jacob.smith@example.com","2222"),
        	        new Student(2, "始衰", "isabella.johnson@example.com","2222"),
        	        new Student(3, "随鼠", "ethan.williams@example.com","2222"),
        	        new Student(4, "从vv", "emma.jones@example.com","2222"),
        	        new Student(5, "Brown", "michael.brown@example.com","2222")
        	    ); 
        //表使用的数据
		TableView<Student> table = new TableView();
        //定义表格的行标
        TableColumn Id = new TableColumn("id");
        TableColumn name = new TableColumn("name");
        TableColumn phone = new TableColumn("phone");
        TableColumn address = new TableColumn("Address");
        //表格列宽宽度设置
        Id.setMinWidth(100);
        name.setMinWidth(100);
        phone.setMinWidth(100);
        address.setMinWidth(100);
        //确定数据导入的列
        Id.setCellValueFactory(
                new PropertyValueFactory<>("id"));
        name.setCellValueFactory(
                new PropertyValueFactory<>("name"));
        phone.setCellValueFactory(
                new PropertyValueFactory<>("phone"));
        address.setCellValueFactory(
                new PropertyValueFactory<>("address"));
        //向表中导入数据
        table.setItems(data);
        table.getColumns().addAll(Id, name, phone, address);
        Scene scene = new Scene(table,400, 200);
        procedrue.setTitle("Table View Sample");
        procedrue.setScene(scene);
        procedrue.show();
    }

新建一个类，确定数据后，构造数据模型，注：数据模型数据必需跟表中数据类型一致

/*定义数据模型*/
public class Student {
	private final SimpleIntegerProperty id;
	private final SimpleStringProperty name;
	private final SimpleStringProperty phone;
	private final SimpleStringProperty address;
	Student(int id, String name, String phone, String address){
		this.id = new SimpleIntegerProperty(id);
		this.name = new SimpleStringProperty(name);
		this.phone = new SimpleStringProperty(phone);
		this.address = new SimpleStringProperty(address);	
	}
	public int getId() {
		return this.id.get();
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
        this.id.set(id);
    }
	public String getName() {
		return this.name.get();
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name.set(name);
	}
	public String getPhone() {
		return this.phone.get();
	}
	public void setPhone(String phone) {
		this.phone.set(phone);
	}
	public String getAddress() {
		return this.address.get();
	}
	public void setAddress(String address) {
		this.address.set(address);
	}
}

运行main得结果图：

3.从数据库中导入数据到表格

1.数据库：

1.加载数据库驱动， 2.连接数据库， 3.得到数据库数据， 4. 把数据库导入到表中， 5. 关闭数据库

public class table extends Application {
	String url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/fruitsystem?serverTimezone=UTC";
	String user = "root";
	String pwd = "123456";
	String jdbc = "com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver";
	ResultSet rst = null;
	Connection cont = null;
	Statement ppst = null;
	
    public void start(Stage procedrue) throws Exception{
		TableView<Student> table = new TableView();
        //定义表格的行标
        TableColumn Id = new TableColumn("id");
        TableColumn name = new TableColumn("name");
        TableColumn phone = new TableColumn("phone");
        TableColumn address = new TableColumn("Address");
        //表格列宽宽度设置
        Id.setMinWidth(100);
        name.setMinWidth(100);
        phone.setMinWidth(100);
        address.setMinWidth(100);
        //确定数据导入的列
        Id.setCellValueFactory(
                new PropertyValueFactory<>("id"));
        name.setCellValueFactory(
                new PropertyValueFactory<>("name"));
        phone.setCellValueFactory(
                new PropertyValueFactory<>("phone"));
        address.setCellValueFactory(
                new PropertyValueFactory<>("address"));
        //向表中导入数据
        //table.setItems(data);
        date( table, Id, name, phone,  address);
        table.getColumns().addAll(Id, name, phone, address);
        Scene scene = new Scene(table,400, 200);
        procedrue.setTitle("Table View Sample");
        procedrue.setScene(scene);
        procedrue.show();
    }

public void date(TableView table,  TableColumn Id,
		TableColumn name, TableColumn phone, TableColumn address) {
	try {
		Class.forName(jdbc);
	}catch(ClassNotFoundException e) {
		e.printStackTrace();
	}
	String sql4 = "SELECT All(kh_id), kh_name, kh_phone, kh_address FROM kh_table";
	ObservableList<Student> data = FXCollections.observableArrayList();
	try {
		cont = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, pwd);
		ppst = cont.createStatement();
		rst = ppst.executeQuery(sql4);
		//System.out.print("连接成功");
		while(rst.next()) {
			data.add(new         
             Student(rst.getInt(1),rst.getString(2),rst.getString(3),rst.getString(4)));
			
			table.setItems(data);
		}
	}catch(Exception e) {
		e.printStackTrace();
	}finally {
		if(cont != null && ppst != null && rst != null) {
			try {
				cont.close();
				ppst.close();
				rst.close();
			}catch(Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}
  }
}

运行效果图：

4.插入数据，显示到表中

1.在javafx界面上，新建几个文本框，和一个添加按钮，方便添加数据

public class table extends Application {
	    TableView<Student> table = new TableView();
        //定义表格的行标
        TableColumn Id = new TableColumn("id");
        TableColumn name = new TableColumn("name");
        TableColumn phone = new TableColumn("phone");
        TableColumn address = new TableColumn("Address");
    public void start(Stage procedrue) throws Exception{
    	Pane rootNode = new Pane();
		;
        //表格列宽宽度设置
        Id.setMinWidth(180);
        name.setMinWidth(180);
        phone.setMinWidth(180);
        address.setMinWidth(180);
        //确定数据导入的列
        Id.setCellValueFactory(
                new PropertyValueFactory<>("id"));
        name.setCellValueFactory(
                new PropertyValueFactory<>("name"));
        phone.setCellValueFactory(
                new PropertyValueFactory<>("phone"));
        address.setCellValueFactory(
                new PropertyValueFactory<>("address"));
        
        table.getColumns().addAll(Id, name, phone, address);
        table.setPrefSize(720, 570);
        
        //添加文本框实现增删改
        HBox hb = new HBox();
		TextField t_name = new TextField();
		t_name.setPrefSize(180,20);
		TextField t_phone = new TextField();
		t_phone.setPrefSize(180,20);
		TextField t_address = new TextField();
		t_address.setPrefSize(180, 20);
		Button bt = new Button("Refrsh");
		bt.setPrefSize(75, 20);
		hb.getChildren().addAll(t_name, t_phone, t_address, bt);
		hb.setPrefSize(720, 30);
		hb.setLayoutY(570);
		
		
		//向表中导入数据
        sql_operation sql = new sql_operation();
        //点击事件，点击添加数据
       
        
        sql.date( table);
        bt.setOnAction(e -> {
			try {
				new sql_operation().sqladd(table,t_name.getText(),
						t_phone.getText(), t_address.getText());
			} catch (ClassNotFoundException e1) {
				e1.printStackTrace();
			}
		});
		rootNode.getChildren().addAll(table, hb);
        Scene scene = new Scene(rootNode,720, 600);
        procedrue.setTitle("Table View Sample");
        procedrue.setScene(scene);
        procedrue.show();
    }
}

2.创建一个class专门用来写sql的。

public class sql_operation {
    //sql的基本参数              /连接数据库的IP及端口/数据库名字
	String url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/fruitsystem?serverTimezone=UTC";
	String user = "root"; 
	String pwd = "123456";   
	String jdbc = "com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver";
	PreparedStatement pst = null;
	ResultSet rst = null;
	Connection cont = null;
	Statement ppst = null;
	//加载驱动
	public void jdbcload() throws ClassNotFoundException {
		Class.forName(jdbc);
	}
	//从数据库读取数据，并把数据导入到表格中	
	public void date(TableView table) throws ClassNotFoundException {
		jdbcload();
		String sql4 = "SELECT All(kh_id), kh_name, kh_phone, kh_address FROM kh_table";
		//引用数据模型
		ObservableList<Student> data = FXCollections.observableArrayList();
		try {
            //连接数据库时需要用到数据库的名字，用户名，密码
			cont = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, pwd);
			ppst = cont.createStatement();
			rst = ppst.executeQuery(sql4);
			//System.out.print("连接成功");
			while(rst.next()) {
				data.add(new Student(rst.getInt(1),rst.getString(2),rst.getString(3),rst.getString(4)));
				table.setItems(data);
			}
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			if(cont != null && ppst != null && rst != null) {
				try {
					cont.close();
					ppst.close();
					rst.close();
				}catch(Exception e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}
	 }
	
	//增加数据
	public void sqladd(TableView table, String name,
			String phone, String address) throws ClassNotFoundException {
		jdbcload();
		String sql = "insert into kh_table (kh_name, kh_phone, kh_address) values(?,?,?)";
		try {
			cont = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, pwd);
			pst = cont.prepareStatement("insert into kh_table (kh_name, kh_phone, kh_address) values(?,?,?)");
			pst.setString(1, name);
			pst.setString(2, phone);
			pst.setString(3, address);
			pst.execute();
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		date(table);
	}
}

3.运行主函数参考图：