ansible常用模块之 -- replace模块 – 使用反向引用正则表达式替换文件中特定字符串的所有实例

replace模块 – 使用反向引用正则表达式替换文件中特定字符串的所有实例

一、摘要

• 该模块将替换文件中模式的所有实例
• 用户可以通过确保相同的模式永远不会匹配任何替换来维持幂等性

二、参数

三、示例

# 在Ansible 2.3之前，选项'dest'， 'destfile'或'name'被使用，而不是'path'
- name: Before Ansible 2.3, option 'dest', 'destfile' or 'name' was used instead of 'path'
  replace:
    path: /etc/hosts
    regexp: '(\s+)old\.host\.name(\s+.*)?$'
    replace: '\1new.host.name\2'

# 替换表达式之后，直到文件结束(需要Ansible >= 2.4)
- name: Replace after the expression till the end of the file (requires Ansible >= 2.4)
  replace:
    path: /etc/apache2/sites-available/default.conf
    after: 'NameVirtualHost [*]'
    regexp: '^(.+)$'
    replace: '# \1'

# 替换之前的表达式直到文件的开始(需要Ansible >= 2.4)
- name: Replace before the expression till the begin of the file (requires Ansible >= 2.4)
  replace:
    path: /etc/apache2/sites-available/default.conf
    before: '# live site config'
    regexp: '^(.+)$'
    replace: '# \1'

# 在Ansible 2.7.10之前，将before和after组合使用与预期相反。
# 替换表达式之间(需要Ansible >= 2.4)
- name: Replace between the expressions (requires Ansible >= 2.4)
  replace:
    path: /etc/hosts
    after: '<VirtualHost [*]>'
    before: '</VirtualHost>'
    regexp: '^(.+)$'
    replace: '# \1'

# 支持通用文件属性
- name: Supports common file attributes
  replace:
    path: /home/jdoe/.ssh/known_hosts
    regexp: '^old\.host\.name[^\n]*\n'
    owner: jdoe
    group: jdoe
    mode: '0644'

# 支持validate命令
- name: Supports a validate command
  replace:
    path: /etc/apache/ports
    regexp: '^(NameVirtualHost|Listen)\s+80\s*$'
    replace: '\1 127.0.0.1:8080'
    validate: '/usr/sbin/apache2ctl -f %s -t'

# 短形式任务(在ansible 2+中)需要反斜杠转义序列
- name: Short form task (in ansible 2+) necessitates backslash-escaped sequences
  replace: path=/etc/hosts regexp='\\b(localhost)(\\d*)\\b' replace='\\1\\2.localdomain\\2 \\1\\2'

# 长篇任务则不然
- name: Long form task does not
  replace:
    path: /etc/hosts
    regexp: '\b(localhost)(\d*)\b'
    replace: '\1\2.localdomain\2 \1\2'

# 显式指定替换中的位置匹配组
- name: Explicitly specifying positional matched groups in replacement
  replace:
    path: /etc/ssh/sshd_config
    regexp: '^(ListenAddress[ ]+)[^\n]+$'
    replace: '\g<1>0.0.0.0'

# 显式指定已命名的匹配组
- name: Explicitly specifying named matched groups
  replace:
    path: /etc/ssh/sshd_config
    regexp: '^(?P<dctv>ListenAddress[ ]+)(?P<host>[^\n]+)$'
    replace: '#\g<dctv>\g<host>\n\g<dctv>0.0.0.0'

官方文档：https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/2.9/modules/replace_module.html#replace-module