watch监听
vue2.x watch
vue2.x watch
<template>
<h2>求和:{{ sum }}</h2>
<button @click="sum++">++</button>
</template>
<script>
import { ref } from "vue";
export default {
// vue2.x 简易写法
watch: {
sum(newval, oldval) {
console.log(newval, oldval);
},
},
setup() {
const sum = ref(0);
return {
sum,
};
},
};
</script>
正常打印,说明vue3中也可以使用vue2.x的写法
完整写法就是带有配置项的
<template>
<h2>求和:{{ sum }}</h2>
<button @click="sum++">++</button>
</template>
<script>
import { ref } from "vue";
export default {
// vue2.x 简易写法
// watch: {
// sum(newval, oldval) {
// console.log(newval, oldval);
// },
// },
watch: {
sum: {
immediate:true, // 立即执行一次
deep:true,// 深度监听
handler(ewval, oldval) {
console.log(newval, oldval);
},
},
},
setup() {
const sum = ref(0);
return {
sum,
};
},
};
</script>
vue3.0 watch
监听ref和多个ref
vue3中的watch是一个函数,所以需要单独引入
<template>
<h2>求和:{{ sum }}</h2>
<button @click="sum++">++</button>
</template>
<script>
import { ref, watch } from "vue";
export default {
setup() {
const sum = ref(0);
// 是一种行为 所以没有返回
watch(sum, (newval, oldval) => {
console.log("vue3.0", newval, oldval);
});
return {
sum,
};
},
};
</script>
以上演示了监听单个ref响应式数据,现在演示监听多个,比较简单的写法就是用两个watch
<template>
<h2>求和:{{ sum }}</h2>
<button @click="sum++">++</button>
<hr />
<h2>招呼:{{ info }}</h2>
<button @click="info += '!'">打招呼</button>
</template>
<script>
import { ref, watch } from "vue";
export default {
setup() {
const sum = ref(0);
const info = ref("hello");
// 1.监听ref单个响应式数据
watch(sum, (newval, oldval) => {
console.log("求和", newval, oldval);
});
// 2.监听多个响应式数据 在vue2.x中watch是个配置项,所以只能写一个watch,vue3.0中是函数,可以写多个
watch(info, (newval, oldval) => {
console.log("招呼:", newval, oldval);
});
return {
sum,
info,
};
},
};
</script>
<template>
<h2>求和:{{ sum }}</h2>
<button @click="sum++">++</button>
<hr />
<h2>招呼:{{ info }}</h2>
<button @click="info += '!'">打招呼</button>
</template>
<script>
import { ref, watch } from "vue";
export default {
setup() {
const sum = ref(0);
const info = ref("hello");
// 1.监听ref单个响应式数据
// watch(sum, (newval, oldval) => {
// console.log("求和", newval, oldval);
// });
// 2.监听多个响应式数据 在vue2.x中watch是个配置项,所以只能写一个watch,vue3.0中是函数,可以写多个
watch([sum, info], (newval, oldval) => {
console.log("新值newval", newval);
console.log("旧值oldval", oldval);
});
return {
sum,
info,
};
},
};
</script>
immediate,deep配置如下,
<template>
<h2>求和:{{ sum }}</h2>
<button @click="sum++">++</button>
<hr />
<h2>招呼:{{ info }}</h2>
<button @click="info += '!'">打招呼</button>
</template>
<script>
import { ref, watch } from "vue";
export default {
setup() {
const sum = ref(0);
const info = ref("hello");
// 1.监听ref单个响应式数据
watch(
// 第一个参数,监视的数据
sum,
// 第二个参数,监视的回调
(newval, oldval) => {
console.log("求和", newval, oldval);
},
// 第三个参数,监视的配置
{ immediate: true}
);
// 2.监听多个响应式数据 在vue2.x中watch是个配置项,所以只能写一个watch,vue3.0中是函数,可以写多个
// watch([sum, info], (newval, oldval) => {
// console.log("新值newval", newval);
// console.log("旧值oldval", oldval);
// });
return {
sum,
info,
};
},
};
</script>
监听ref注意点
不需要.value(会报错),因为需要watch监听一个保存数据的响应式reflmpl对象结构,并不是一个.value的静态属性
<template>
<h2>求和:{{ sum }}</h2>
<button @click="sum++">++</button>
</template>
<script>
import { ref, watch } from "vue";
export default {
setup() {
const sum = ref(0);
watch(sum.value, (newval, oldval) => {
console.log("求和", newval, oldval);
});
return {
sum,
};
},
};
</script>
另外在ref监听对象类型时,是需要加上.value的,因为(比如说peson)对象是被reflmpl所包裹的对象
<template>
<h2>个人信息</h2>
<p>姓名:{{ person.name }}</p>
<p>姓名:{{ person.age }}</p>
<p>工资:{{ person.job.salary.current }}</p>
<button @click="person.age++">++</button>
<button @click="person.job.salary.current++">++工资</button>
<button @click="person.name += '!'">打招呼</button>
</template>
<script>
import { ref, watch } from "vue";
export default {
setup() {
const person = ref({
name: "张三",
age: 18,
job: {
salary: {
current: 20,
},
},
});
console.log("person", person);
watch(
person,
(newval, oldval) => {
console.log("newval", newval);
console.log("oldval", oldval);
},
);
return {
person,
};
},
};
</script>
监听person仅仅只是监听了Reflmpl中的变化,并不能监听到.value,也就是Proxy中的变化(因为内存地址没有发生改变,需要Proxy中的属性内存发生改变才能够监听到)
监听reatcive的坑
监听reactive数据
如果watch监听reactive响应式数据的话,会有点坑。演示代码和打印如下
<template>
<h2>个人信息</h2>
<p>姓名:{{ person.name }}</p>
<p>姓名:{{ person.age }}</p>
<button @click="person.age++">++</button>
<button @click="person.name += '!'">打招呼</button>
</template>
<script>
import { ref, watch, reactive } from "vue";
export default {
setup() {
const person = reactive({
name: "张三",
age: 18,
});
// 1.监听ref单个响应式数据
watch(person, (newval, oldval) => {
console.log("newval", newval);
console.log("oldval", oldval);
console.log("数据监听");
});
return {
person,
};
},
};
</script>
通过打印可以发现,watch无法正确获取oldval的数据(ref定义的对象也不行,因为ref定义的对象本质上还是通过reactive转为响应式)。
另外,相比于vue2.x,vue3.0的监听对象如果是reactive对象,会强制开启deep深度监听。
<template>
<h2>个人信息</h2>
<p>姓名:{{ person.name }}</p>
<p>姓名:{{ person.age }}</p>
<p>工资:{{ person.job.salary }}</p>
<button @click="person.age++">++</button>
<button @click="person.job.salary++">++工资</button>
<button @click="person.name += '!'">打招呼</button>
</template>
<script>
import { ref, watch, reactive } from "vue";
export default {
setup() {
const person = reactive({
name: "张三",
age: 18,
job: {
salary: 20,
},
});
// 1.监听ref单个响应式数据
watch(person, (newval, oldval) => {
console.log("newval", newval);
console.log("oldval", oldval);
console.log("数据监听");
});
return {
person,
};
},
};
</script>
是不需要开启deep的,并且deep为false也无效。
reactive 中的某个属性
如果要监听reactive中某个属性值时,需要写成函数
<template>
<h2>个人信息</h2>
<p>姓名:{{ person.name }}</p>
<p>姓名:{{ person.age }}</p>
<p>工资:{{ person.job.salary }}</p>
<button @click="person.age++">++</button>
<button @click="person.job.salary++">++工资</button>
<button @click="person.name += '!'">打招呼</button>
</template>
<script>
import { ref, watch, reactive } from "vue";
export default {
setup() {
const person = reactive({
name: "张三",
age: 18,
job: {
salary: 20,
},
});
// 1.监听reactive中某个属性
watch(
() => person.age,
(newval, oldval) => {
console.log("newval", newval);
console.log("oldval", oldval);
console.log("数据监听");
}
);
return {
person,
};
},
};
</script>
监听reactive中某些属性
在这里插入代码片
<template>
<h2>个人信息</h2>
<p>姓名:{{ person.name }}</p>
<p>姓名:{{ person.age }}</p>
<p>工资:{{ person.job.salary }}</p>
<button @click="person.age++">++</button>
<button @click="person.job.salary++">++工资</button>
<button @click="person.name += '!'">打招呼</button>
</template>
<script>
import { ref, watch, reactive } from "vue";
export default {
setup() {
const person = reactive({
name: "张三",
age: 18,
job: {
salary: 20,
},
});
// 1.监听reactive中某些属性
watch([() => person.name, () => person.age], (newval, oldval) => {
console.log("newval", newval);
console.log("oldval", oldval);
console.log("数据监听");
});
return {
person,
};
},
};
</script>
特殊情况 监听reactive中的对象
监听reactive中的对象是要加上deep的
<template>
<h2>个人信息</h2>
<p>姓名:{{ person.name }}</p>
<p>姓名:{{ person.age }}</p>
<p>工资:{{ person.job.salary.current }}</p>
<button @click="person.age++">++</button>
<button @click="person.job.salary.current++">++工资</button>
<button @click="person.name += '!'">打招呼</button>
</template>
<script>
import { ref, watch, reactive } from "vue";
export default {
setup() {
const person = reactive({
name: "张三",
age: 18,
job: {
salary: {
current: 20,
},
},
});
// 1.监听reactive中某些属性
watch(
() => person.job,
(newval, oldval) => {
console.log("newval", newval);
console.log("oldval", oldval);
console.log("数据监听");
},
{ deep: true }
);
return {
person,
};
},
};
</script>
总结
1、监听普通ref属性,可配置immediate,不需要配置deep,因为ref定义基本数据类型。
2、监听reactive定义的一个响应式对象的所有属性,如果是直接监听person,也就是代理数据,那是不需要deep的,因为deep是强制开启的,并且oldval是无法正确获取,
3、监听reactive定义的响应式数据中某个属性时,要写成函数。
4、监听reactive定义的响应式数据中多个属性时,写成函数数组。
5、监听reactive定义的响应式数据中的一个对象中的属性,要加deep。