elasticsearch在Java客户端中操作索引库与文档

最新推荐文章于 2022-02-14 01:06:37 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-02-14 01:06:37 发布

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分类专栏： springcloud 文章标签： elasticsearch

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本文详细介绍如何使用Elasticsearch进行索引库的创建、修改mapping信息以及文档的新增操作，包括依赖配置、设置集群名称、创建索引库、修改mapping、通过XContentBuilder或Jackson对象转换新增文档。

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第一步添加依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>es-first</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.elasticsearch</groupId>
        <artifactId>elasticsearch</artifactId>
        <version>7.9.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
        <artifactId>transport</artifactId>
        <version>7.9.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>log4j-to-slf4j</artifactId>
        <version>2.13.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
        <version>1.7.30</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>
        <version>1.7.30</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.12</version>
        <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>

创建索引库

共分为四个步骤：创建setting对象配置信息，创建client对象，通过client对象生成索引库，释放client对象。

@Test
public void createIndex() throws UnknownHostException {
    //创建setting对象，相当于配置信息，配置集群名称
    Settings settings=Settings.builder().put("cluster.name","my-elasticsearch").build();
    //创建客户端client对象
    TransportClient client=new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings);
    client.addTransportAddress(new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),9301));
    client.addTransportAddress(new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),9302));
    client.addTransportAddress(new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),9303));
    //client创建索引库
    client.admin().indices().prepareCreate("index_hello").get();
    //关闭clien对象
    client.

修改mapping信息

@Test
    public void changemap() throws IOException {
        //创建setting对象，相当于配置信息，配置集群名称
        Settings settings=Settings.builder().put("cluster.name","my-elasticsearch").build();
        //创建客户端client对象
        TransportClient client=new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings);
        client.addTransportAddress(new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),9301));
        client.addTransportAddress(new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),9302));
        client.addTransportAddress(new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),9303));
        //client创建索引库
        //通过XContentBuilder保存json格式的数据，也可以通过字符串来拼接
        XContentBuilder builder= XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                .startObject()
                .startObject("article")
                  .startObject("properties")
                     .startObject("id")
                         .field("type","long")
                         .field("store","true")
                     .endObject()
                     .startObject("title1")
                        .field("type","text")
                        .field("analyzer","standard")
                        .field("index","true")
                        .field("store","true")
                     .endObject()
                     .startObject("title")
                        .field("type","text")
                        .field("analyzer","standard")
                        .field("index","true")
                        .field("store","true")
                     .endObject()
                .endObject()
                .endObject()
                .endObject();
        //设置要做映射的map
        client.admin().indices().preparePutMapping("index_hello")
                .setType("article")
                .setSource(builder).get();
        //关闭clien对象
        client.close();
    }


}

全部的代码如下。

package com.itheima;

import org.elasticsearch.client.transport.TransportClient;
import org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings;
import org.elasticsearch.common.transport.TransportAddress;
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentFactory;
import org.elasticsearch.transport.client.PreBuiltTransportClient;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

public class es {
    @Test
    public void createIndex() throws UnknownHostException {
        //创建setting对象，相当于配置信息，配置集群名称
        Settings settings=Settings.builder().put("cluster.name","my-elasticsearch").build();
        //创建客户端client对象
        TransportClient client=new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings);
        client.addTransportAddress(new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),9301));
        client.addTransportAddress(new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),9302));
        client.addTransportAddress(new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),9303));
        //client创建索引库
        client.admin().indices().prepareCreate("index_hello").get();
        //关闭clien对象
        client.close();
    }
    @Test
    public void changemap() throws IOException {
        //创建setting对象，相当于配置信息，配置集群名称
        Settings settings=Settings.builder().put("cluster.name","my-elasticsearch").build();
        //创建客户端client对象
        TransportClient client=new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings);
        client.addTransportAddress(new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),9301));
        client.addTransportAddress(new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),9302));
        client.addTransportAddress(new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),9303));
        //client创建索引库
        //通过XContentBuilder保存json格式的数据，也可以通过字符串来拼接
        XContentBuilder builder= XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                .startObject()
                .startObject("article")
                  .startObject("properties")
                     .startObject("id")
                         .field("type","long")
                         .field("store","true")
                     .endObject()
                     .startObject("title1")
                        .field("type","text")
                        .field("analyzer","standard")
                        .field("index","true")
                        .field("store","true")
                     .endObject()
                     .startObject("title")
                        .field("type","text")
                        .field("analyzer","standard")
                        .field("index","true")
                        .field("store","true")
                     .endObject()
                .endObject()
                .endObject()
                .endObject();
        //设置要做映射的map
        client.admin().indices().preparePutMapping("index_hello")
                .setType("article")
                .setSource(builder).get();
        //关闭clien对象
        client.close();
    }


}

新增文档的两种方式

第一种：XContentFactory生成json的方式

@Test
public void adddocument() throws IOException {
    Settings settings=Settings.builder().put("cluster.name","my-elasticsearch").build();
    //创建客户端client对象
    client=new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings);
    client.addTransportAddress(new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),9301));
    client.addTransportAddress(new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),9302));
    client.addTransportAddress(new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),9303));

    XContentBuilder builder=XContentFactory.jsonBuilder().startObject()
            .field("id",1)
            .field("title1","标题")
            .field("title","正文")
            .endObject();
    client.prepareIndex("index_hello","article","1").setSource(builder).get();
    client.close();
}

第二种：通过jackson将对象转json

@Test
public void adddocument2() throws JsonProcessingException {
Settings settings=Settings.builder().put("cluster.name","my-elasticsearch").build();
//创建客户端client对象
TransportClient client=new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings);
client.addTransportAddress(new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),9301));
client.addTransportAddress(new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),9302));
client.addTransportAddress(new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),9303));
    Article article=new Article();
    article.setId(2);
    article.setTitle("正文2");
    article.setTitle1("标题2");
    ObjectMapper objectMapper=new ObjectMapper();
    String json=objectMapper.writeValueAsString(article);
    System.out.println(json);
    client.prepareIndex("index_hello","article","2").setSource(json, XContentType.JSON).get();
    client.close();
}