01HTTP协议
HTTP(The Hypertext Transfer Protocol)超文本传输协议。在应用层请求(request)和响应(response)是无状态的协议。他的语义是可以扩张的。客户端是一个程序,与服务器建立连接并发送一个或多个请求。服务端是一个程序,接受连接,处理请求。并发送响应。
客户端第一行怎么写
方法:
请求目标(URL)
如何将HTTP链接转换为HTTP客户端。
请求头(Header Fields)
格式:fields-name:fields-value
空行表示结束。最后面是信息体。
客户端代码
"GET %s HTTP/1.1\r\n"
"Host: 116.62.81.138:80\r\n"
"Accept: application/json\r\n"
"Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9\r\n"
"Connection: close\r\n"
"\r\n",path);
参考:RFC 7230 - Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Message Syntax and Routing
02心知天气
心知天气:https://www.seniverse.com/products?iid=new
私钥:
03代码
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include "cJSON.h"
#define PORT 80
#define SERVER_IP "116.62.81.138"
#define BUFFER_SIZE 4096 * 10
const char *api_key = "Scnm----"; // 替换为你的API密钥
const char *location = "beijing"; // 城市名称或拼音
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
// ./a.out 问题
// if (argc != 2)
// {
// printf("Usage: %s <prompt>\n", argv[0]);
// return 1;
// }
int sock = 0;
struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE] = {0};
// 创建 socket
if ((sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0)
{
printf("\n Socket creation error \n");
return -1;
}
serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
serv_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
// 将 IP 地址从字符串转换为二进制格式
if (inet_pton(AF_INET, SERVER_IP, &serv_addr.sin_addr) <= 0)
{
printf("\nInvalid address/ Address not supported \n");
return -1;
}
// 连接到服务器
if (connect(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr)) < 0)
{
printf("\nConnection Failed \n");
return -1;
}
// 构造 HTTP 请求体(关闭流式响应)
char request_body[1024] = {0};
char path[256];
snprintf(path, sizeof(path),
"/v3/weather/now.json?key=%s&location=%s&language=zh-Hans&unit=c",
api_key, location);
// 请求头
char request_headers[256] = {0};
snprintf(request_headers, sizeof(request_headers),
"GET %s HTTP/1.1\r\n"
"Host: 116.62.81.138:80\r\n"
"Accept: application/json\r\n"
"Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9\r\n"
"Connection: close\r\n"
"\r\n",path);
// 发送请求
send(sock, request_headers, strlen(request_headers), 0);
printf("Request sent:\n%s\n", request_headers);
while (1)
{
// 接收响应
int valread = read(sock, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
if (valread > 0)
{
printf("Response:\n%s\n", buffer);
}
else
{
//printf("Failed to receive response.\n");
}
}
// 关闭 socket
close(sock);
return 0;
}