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最新推荐文章于 2023-10-12 16:15:59 发布

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本文详细介绍了如何在Linux系统上安装Apache web服务器，Mysql数据库，以及Tomcat应用服务器，并配置LAMT，包括Apache的编译安装、MySQL用户设置和数据目录、Tomcat的配置及虚拟主机的设置，旨在为开发者提供全面的部署指南。

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LAMT部署

1.Apache 安装

//安装开发工具包
yum groups mark install 'Development Tools'
//安装依赖包
yum -y install openssl-devel pcre-devel expat-devel libtool gcc gcc-c++ make

//创建apache服务的用户和组

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd -r apache
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin -g apache apache

解压

[root@localhost src]# tar xf apr-1.7.0.tar.bz2
[root@localhost src]# tar xf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2
[root@localhost src]# tar xf httpd-2.4.43.tar.bz2
[root@localhost src]#

编译安装

[root@localhost src]#cd apr-1.7.0
[root@localhost apr-1.7.0]# vim configure
    cfgfile="${ofile}T"
    trap "$RM \"$cfgfile\"; exit 1" 1 2 15
    # $RM "$cfgfile"        //将此行加上注释，或者删除此行
[root@localhost apr-1.7.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
配置过程略..
[root@localhost apr-1.7.0]# make
编译安装过程略.
[root@localhost apr-1.7.0]# make isntall
编译安装过程略.

[root@localhost apr-1.7.0]# cd ../apr-util-1.6.1
[root@localhost apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr/
编译安装过程略...
[root@localhost apr-util-1.6.1]# make
编译安装过程略...
[root@localhost apr-util-1.6.1]# make install
编译安装过程略...

root@localhost httpd-2.4.43]# pwd
/usr/src/httpd-2.4.43
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.43]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache \
--sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24 \
--enable-so \
--enable-ssl \
--enable-cgi \
--enable-rewrite \
--with-zlib \
--with-pcre \
--with-apr=/usr/local/apr \
--with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/ \
--enable-modules=most \
--enable-mpms-shared=all \
--with-mpm=prefork
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.43]# make && make install

//安装后配置


[root@localhost ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/apache/bin:$PATH' >  /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh  环境变量
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
[root@localhost ~]# ln -s /usr/local/apache/include/ /usr/include/httpd 创建软连接
[root@localhost ~]# echo 'MANPATH /usr/local/apache/man' >> /etc/man.config 环境变量
//取消ServerName前面的注释
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i '/#ServerName/s/#//g' /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf 
启动apachenctl 
[root@localhost ~]# apachectl start
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State            Recv-Q           Send-Q                     Local Address:Port                     Peer Address:Port          Process           
LISTEN           0                128                              0.0.0.0:22                            0.0.0.0:*                               
LISTEN           0                128                                 [::]:22                               [::]:*                               
LISTEN           0                128                                    *:80                                  *:*                               
[root@localhost ~]#

关闭防火墙

[root@cloud1 ~]# setenforce 0

[root@cloud1 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld

安装mysq

//安装依赖包


[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install ncurses-devel openssl-devel openssl cmake mariadb-devel

创建用户和组


[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r  -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@localhost ~]#

解压
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64\ \(1\).tar.gz -C /usr/local/

创建软链接
[root@localhost ~]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost ~]# ll /usr/local/
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 May 19  2020 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 May 19  2020 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 May 19  2020 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 May 19  2020 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 May 19  2020 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root  17 Mar 30 09:21 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 May 19  2020 libexec
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root  46 May  5 16:58 mysql -> /usr/local/mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 9 root root 129 May  5 16:55 mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 May 19  2020 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root  49 Mar 30 09:21 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 May 19  2020 src
[root@localhost ~]#

//修改目录/usr/local/mysql的属主属组
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql*
[root@localhost ~]# ll /usr/local/mysql -d
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 46 May  5 16:58 /usr/local/mysql -> /usr/local/mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64

设置环境变量
[root@localhost ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH'> /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@localhost ~]# which mysql
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql
[root@localhost ~]#

建立数据存放目录  修改属组
[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir /opt/data
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/
[root@localhost mysql]# ll /opt/
total 0


生成配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf 安装目率
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql #指定mysql的安装目录
datadir = /opt/data        #指定数据的存放目录
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock   #指定套接字存放目录
port = 3306                #指定端口
pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid #指定pid文件存放位置
user = mysql              #指定MySQL以什么用户的身份提供服务
skip-name-resolve

/初始化数据库
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/data/

//配置服务启动脚本
[root@localhost ~]# cp -a /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# sed -ri 's#^(basedir=).*#\1/usr/local/mysql#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# sed -ri 's#^(datadir=).*#\1/opt/data#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld

/启动mysql
[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State            Recv-Q           Send-Q                     Local Address:Port                     Peer Address:Port          Process           
LISTEN           0                128                              0.0.0.0:22                            0.0.0.0:*                               
LISTEN           0                128                                 [::]:22                               [::]:*                               
LISTEN           0                80                                     *:3306                                *:*                               
LISTEN           0                128                                    *:80                                  *:*                               
[root@localhost ~]#

登录mysql修改密码
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p'Ggj_PMjJy0mh'
mysql: error while loading shared libraries: libncurses.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory  
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install ncurses-compat-libs
[root@localhost ~]# yum install libncurses*    首次登录的时候会报错 这两种种方式都可以用
mysql> set password = password('123');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

Tomcat 安装

安装jdk
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install java-1.8.0-openjdk java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel

查看版本
[root@localhost ~]# java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_292"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_292-b10)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.292-b10, mixed mode)
[root@localhost ~]#

解压
[root@localhost]# cd /usr/src/
[root@localhost src]# tar xf apache-tomcat-9.0.46.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

做一个软链接
[root@localhost src]# cd /usr/local/
[root@localhost local]# ln -s apache-tomcat-9.0.46/ tomcat

启动
[root@localhost local]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh start

[root@localhost local]# ss -anlt
State   Recv-Q  Send-Q        Local Address:Port   Peer Address:Port Process 
LISTEN  0       128                 0.0.0.0:22          0.0.0.0:*            
LISTEN  0       80                        *:3306              *:*            
LISTEN  0       100                       *:8080              *:*            
LISTEN  0       128                       *:80                *:*            
LISTEN  0       128                    [::]:22             [::]:*            
LISTEN  0       1        [::ffff:127.0.0.1]:8005              *:*            
[root@localhost local]#

配置LAMT

[root@localhost ~]cd /etc/httpd24/
取消注释
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf 

LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so  120 行      ##启用mod_proxy

LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so    123行

Include /etc/httpd24/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf  486 行

配置虚拟主机

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd24/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
<VirtualHost *:80>
    DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs/"
    ServerName yuge.com
    ProxyPass /  http://192.168.137.132:8080/
    ProxyPassReverse /  http://192.168.137.132:8080/
    <Directory "/usr/local/apache/htdocs/">
        Options none
        AllowOverride none
        Require all granted
    </Directory>
</VirtualHost>

ProxyPass /  http://192.168.30.150:8080/ 
##所有客户端对http:192.168.137.132:8080的请求转发给http://192.168.137.132上进行处理


 ProxyPassReverse /  http://192.168.137.132:8080/
##反向代理

重启服务
[root@zyy httpd24]# apachectl stop
[root@zyy httpd24]# apachectl start

配置Manag app

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@localhost local]# ls
apache    etc      lib64                                sbin
apr       games    libexec                              share
apr-util  include  mysql                                src
bin       lib      mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64  tomcat

[root@localhost local]# cd tomcat/
[root@localhost tomcat]# ls
bin           CONTRIBUTING.md  logs       RELEASE-NOTES  webapps
BUILDING.txt  lib              NOTICE     RUNNING.txt    work
conf          LICENSE          README.md  temp

[root@localhost tomcat]# cd conf/
[root@localhost conf]# ls
Catalina             jaspic-providers.xml  tomcat-users.xml
catalina.policy      jaspic-providers.xsd  tomcat-users.xsd
catalina.properties  logging.properties    web.xml
context.xml          server.xml

[root@localhost conf]# vim tomcat-users.xml    修改
<role rolename="manager-gui"/>
<user username="mei" password="123" roles="manager-gui"/>
</tomcat-users>

[root@localhost tomcat]# cd webapps/
[root@localhost webapps]# ls
docs  examples  host-manager  manager  ROOT


[root@localhost webapps]# cd manager/
[root@localhost manager]# ls
css  images  index.jsp  META-INF  status.xsd  WEB-INF  xform.xsl

[root@localhost manager]# cd META-INF/
[root@localhost META-INF]# ls
context.xml

[root@localhost META-INF]# vim context.xml
 allow="192\.168\.137\.\d+|127\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1" />
添加主机ip

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@localhost local]# ls
[root@localhost local]# cd tomcat/
[root@localhost tomcat]# ls
bin           CONTRIBUTING.md  logs       RELEASE-NOTES  webapps
BUILDING.txt  lib              NOTICE     RUNNING.txt    work
conf          LICENSE          README.md  temp

[root@localhost tomcat]# cd conf/
[root@localhost conf]# ls
Catalina             jaspic-providers.xml  tomcat-users.xml
catalina.policy      jaspic-providers.xsd  tomcat-users.xsd
catalina.properties  logging.properties    web.xml
context.xml          server.xml


[root@localhost conf]# vim tomcat-users.xml    添加
<role rolename="manager-gui"/>
<role rolename="admin-gui"/>
<user username="mei" password="123" roles="manager-gui,admin-gui"/>
</tomcat-users>

配置Host Manager

[root@localhost local]# cd tomcat/
root@localhost tomcat]# ls
bin           CONTRIBUTING.md  logs       RELEASE-NOTES  webapps
BUILDING.txt  lib              NOTICE     RUNNING.txt    work
conf          LICENSE          README.md  temp

root@localhost tomcat]# cd webapps/
[root@localhost webapps]# ls
docs  examples  host-manager  manager  ROOT
    
[root@localhost webapps]# cd host-manager/
[root@localhost host-manager]# ls
css  images  index.jsp  META-INF  WEB-INF
[root@localhost host-manager]# cd META-INF/
[root@localhost META-INF]# ls
context.xml
[root@localhost META-INF]# vim context.xml 
allow="192\.168\.137\.\d+|127\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1" />
添加主机ip