该博客详细记录了在Linux主机上安装和配置LAMP（Linux、Apache、MySQL、PHP）环境的过程，包括关闭防火墙和SELinux、安装Apache、MySQL和Tomcat，以及配置Apache作为反向代理服务器，将HTTP请求转发到Tomcat。最后，通过配置虚拟主机实现了通过Apache访问Tomcat应用。
LAMT
lamt部署
| 主机IP | 服务 |
|---|---|
| 192.168.136.135 | httpd-2.4.43 、 mysql-5.7 、 tomcat-9.0.46 |
关闭防火墙和selinux
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
安装httpd
创建apache服务的用户和组
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin -g apache apache
安装依赖包
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install openssl-devel pcre-devel expat-devel libtool gcc gcc-c++ wget make
下载和安装apr以及apr-util
[root@localhost ~]# wget https://archive.apache.org/dist/apr/apr-1.7.0.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# wget https://archive.apache.org/dist/apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf apr-1.7.0.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd apr-1.7.0
[root@happy apr-1.7.0]# vim configure
...
cfgfile=${ofile}T
trap "$RM \"$cfgfile\"; exit 1" 1 2 15
$RM "$cfgfile" //将此行注释或者删除
...
[root@happy apr-1.7.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
[root@happy apr-1.7.0]# make && make install
[root@happy apr-1.7.0]# cd ../apr-util-1.6.1
[root@happy apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
[root@happy apr-util-1.6.1]# make && make install
下载和安装httpd
[root@localhost ~]# wget https://archive.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-2.4.43.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf httpd-2.4.43.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd httpd-2.4.43
[root@happy httpd-2.4.43]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache \
--sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24 \
--enable-proxy \
--enable-proxy-connect \
--enable-so \
--enable-ssl \
--enable-cgi \
--enable-rewrite \
--with-zlib \
--with-pcre \
--with-apr=/usr/local/apr \
--with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/ \
--enable-modules=most \
--enable-mpms-shared=all \
--with-mpm=prefork
[root@happy httpd-2.4.43]# make && make install
安装后配置
[root@localhost ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/apache/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
[root@localhost ~]# ln -s /usr/local/apache/include/ /usr/include/httpd
[root@localhost ~]# echo 'MANPATH /usr/local/apache/man' >> /etc/man_db.conf
取消ServerName前面的注释
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i '/#ServerName/s/#//g' /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf
启动apache
[root@localhost ~]# apachectl start
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:80 [::]:*
安装mysql
安装依赖包
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install libaio ncurses-devel openssl-devel openssl cmake mariadb-devel
创建用户和组
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin -g 306 -u 306 mysql
下载二进制格式的mysql软件包
[root@localhost ~]# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local
创建软连接，修改文件属主
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@happy local]# mv mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql
[root@happy local]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/
添加环境变量
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
[root@localhost ~]# . /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@localhost ~]# which mysql
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql
建立数据存放目录
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /opt/mysql-data
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/mysql-data/
初始化数据库
[root@localhost ~]# ] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/mysql-data
2021-06-15T11:39:50.807434Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2021-06-15T11:39:51.005362Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2021-06-15T11:39:51.041378Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2021-06-15T11:39:51.046622Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 0379d25c-cdc6-11eb-9f5e-000c29369720.
2021-06-15T11:39:51.047530Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2021-06-15T11:39:51.476041Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2021-06-15T11:39:51.603173Z 1 [Warning] root@localhost is created with an empty password ! Please consider switching off the --initialize-insecure option.
生成配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir = /opt/mysql-data
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /opt/mysql-data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
port = 3306
pid-file = /opt/mysql-data/mysql.pid
user = mysql
skip-name-resolve
配置服务启动脚本
[root@localhost ~]# cp -a /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# sed -ri 's#^(basedir=).*#\1/usr/local/mysql#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# sed -ri 's#^(datadir=).*#\1/opt/data#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld
设置开机自启
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --list
Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native
systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native
systemd configuration.
If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
To see services enabled on particular target use
'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'.
mysqld 0:关 1:关 2:开 3:开 4:开 5:开 6:关
启动mysql
[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/opt/mysql-data/C82.err'.
SUCCESS!
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 80 [::]:3306 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:80 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
安装tomcat
安装JDK
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install java-11-openjdk.x86_64 java-11-openjdk-devel.x86_64
安装tomcat
[root@localhost ~]# wget https://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-9/v9.0.45/bin/apache-tomcat-9.0.45.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf apache-tomcat-9.0.45.tar.gz
创建软连接
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@happy local]# ln -s apache-tomcat-9.0.45 tomcat
启动tomcat
[root@happy local]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Using CATALINA_OPTS:
Tomcat started.
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 1 [::ffff:127.0.0.1]:8005 *:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3306 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 *:8080 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
验证
配置apache
启动代理模块
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf
将下面三行取消注释
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
配置虚拟主机
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf
//在最后添加
<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs"
ProxyPass / http://192.168.11.120:8080/
ProxyPassReverse / http://192.168.11.120:8080/
<Directory "/usr/local/apache/htdocs">
Options none
AllowOverride none
Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
把所有http的请求代理到 http://192.168.11.120:8080/ ，也就是 Tomcat 的访问地址
//重启apache
[root@localhost ~]# apachectl restart
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 1 [::ffff:127.0.0.1]:8005 *:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3306 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 *:8080 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
验证
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