JAVA学习笔记（4）-虚拟机执行引擎

非虚方法：能被invokestatic和invokespecial指令调用的方法，可以在解析阶段确定唯一版本，包括静态方法，私有方法、实例构造器、父类方法四种。
虚方法：被invokevirtual、invokeinterface和invokedynamic指令调用的方法，这些方法只有在运行阶段才能确定。

注意：final修饰的方法，也是一种非虚方法。

分派

1，静态分派

静态分派与重载有关，发生在编译期。示例如下：

package demo.jvm.diarys;
/**********************
 * 
 * @author daiyi
 *
 */
public class StaticDispatch_8_6 {
	public static abstract class Human{
		
	}
	
	public static class Man extends Human {
		
	}
	
	public static class  Woman extends Human {
		
	}
	
	
	public  void sayHello(Human people) {
		System.out.println("hello Human");
	}
	
	public  void sayHello(Man people) {
		System.out.println("hello Man");
	}
	
	public  void sayHello(Woman people) {
		System.out.println("hello Woman");
	}
	
	
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO 自动生成的方法存根
	
		Human man = new Man();
		Human women = new Woman();
		
		StaticDispatch_8_6 sd = new StaticDispatch_8_6();
		sd.sayHello(man);
		sd.sayHello(women);
		
	}

}

运行结果如下：

hello Human
hello Human

虚拟机重载时，时通过参数的静态类型而不是实际类型作为判定依据的，且静态类型是编译期可知的。

2 动态分派

动态分派与重写有关，发生在运行期。示例如下：

package demo.jvm.diarys;
/**********************
 * 
 * @author diarys
 *	test static dispath and dynamic dispath
 */

public class DynamicDispath_8_8 {
	/*static dispatch*/
	static class Animal{
		
	}
	
	static class Monkey extends Animal{
		
	}
	
	 static class Lion extends Animal {
		
	}
	 
	 
		/*dynamic dispatch*/
	static abstract class Human{
		
		protected abstract void sayHello(Animal animal) ;
		protected abstract void sayHello(Monkey monkey) ;
		protected abstract void sayHello(Lion lion) ;
	}
	
	static class Man extends Human{
		
		protected void sayHello(Animal animal) {
			System.out.println("man sayHello to animal");
		}
		
		protected void sayHello(Monkey monkey) {
			System.out.println("man sayHello to monkey!");
		}
		
		protected void sayHello(Lion lion) {
			System.out.println("man sayHello to lion!");
		}
	}
	
	static class Woman extends Human{
		
		protected void sayHello(Animal animal) {
			System.out.println("woman sayHello to animal");
		}
		
		protected void sayHello(Monkey monkey) {
			System.out.println("woman sayHello to monkey!");
		}
		
		protected void sayHello(Lion lion) {
			System.out.println("woman sayHello to lion!");
		}
	}
	
	/*demo
	 * man sayHello to animal
		man sayHello to monkey!
		woman sayHello to animal
		woman sayHello to monkey!
		woman sayHello to animal
		woman sayHello to monkey!
	 * 
	 * */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO 自动生成的方法存根
		Human man = new Man();
		Human woman = new Woman();
		Animal animal = new Animal();
		Animal monkey = new Monkey();
		Animal lion = new Lion();
		
		man.sayHello(animal);
		man.sayHello((Animal)animal);
		
		man.sayHello(monkey);
		man.sayHello((Monkey)monkey);
		
		man.sayHello(lion);
		man.sayHello((Lion)lion);
		
		woman.sayHello(monkey);
		woman.sayHello((Monkey)monkey);
		//变换man的实际类型为Woman
		man = new Woman();
		//获取Woman的sayhello，参数是
		man.sayHello(monkey);
		man.sayHello((Monkey)monkey);
	}

}

运行结果如下：

man sayHello to animal
man sayHello to monkey!
man sayHello to animal
man sayHello to lion!
woman sayHello to animal
woman sayHello to monkey!
woman sayHello to animal
woman sayHello to monkey!