用C#开发opengl

最新推荐文章于 2025-04-27 09:25:11 发布

转载最新推荐文章于 2025-04-27 09:25:11 发布

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#c# #components #blend #buffer #silverlight #tutorials

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19 篇文章

订阅专栏

http://www.ltesting.net/ceshi/ruanjianceshikaifajishu/rjcskfyy/dotnet/2007/0630/97945.html

http://gameres.com/

微软提供较少的标准支持，对于和他们竞争的东西—比如CORBA(COM的竞争对手)和OpenGL(DirectX的竞争对手)。不过在C＃中实现Opengl也并非没有可能，有很多很好的第3方库可以使用，这里列举2个。

（1）CsGL http://csgl.sourceforge.net/index.html 名气较大的o

微软提供较少的标准支持，对于和他们竞争的东西—比如CORBA(COM的竞争对手)和OpenGL(DirectX的竞争对手)。
不过在C＃中实现Opengl也并非没有可能，有很多很好的第3方库可以使用，这里列举2个。
（1）CsGL
http://csgl.sourceforge.net/index.html
名气较大的opengl库，有稳定版本。sf上的项目地址http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=33241。
目前有多个3D引擎项目使用的这个库。

（2）CSopenGL

http://sourceforge.net/projects/csopengl/
http://www.ia.hiof.no/gb/ptools/csharp/p-csharp.html
有较详细的文档和例子。sf上的项目地址http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=54966&package_id=49782。

CSopenGL的一个例子（我在VS2005上编译)
－－－－－－－form1.cs－－－－－－－

#region Using directives 

using System; 
using System.Collections.Generic; 
using System.Drawing; 
using System.Collections; 
using System.ComponentModel; 
using System.Windows.Forms; 
using System.Data; 
using CSOpenGL; 
#endregion 

namespace opentest 
{ 
partial class Form1 : System.Windows.Forms.Form 
{ 
//private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null; 
private GLView view; 

public Form1() 
{ 
InitializeComponent(); 

view = new GLView(); 
view.Parent = this; 
view.CreateControl(); 
view.Dock = DockStyle.Fill; 
view._OnPaint = new Painter(); 

} 

/* 
protected override void Dispose(bool disposing) 
{ 
if (disposing) 
{ 
if (components != null) 
{ 
components.Dispose(); 
} 
view.Dispose(); 
} 
base.Dispose(disposing); 
} 
*/ 

private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) 
{ 

} 

} 


public class Painter : GLViewPainter 
{ 
public Painter() { } 

public override void Paint(GLView view) 
{ 
glViewport(0, 0, view.Width, view.Height); 
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); 
glLoadIdentity(); 
gluPerspective(45.0f, 1.0f, 0.1f, 100.0f); 
glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH); 

glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); 
glClearDepth(1.0f); 
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); 
glDepthFunc(GL_LEQUAL); 
glHint(GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL_NICEST); 

glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); 
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); 
//drawPyramid(); 
//drawSphere(); 
drawCube(); 
glFlush(); 
} 

private void drawPyramid() 
{ 
glLoadIdentity(); 
glTranslatef(-0.2f, 0.3f, -4.0f); 
glRotatef(45.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); 

glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES); 

// front face triangle: 
glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); 
glVertex3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); 
glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); 
glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f); 
glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); 
glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f); 

// right face triangle: 
glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); 
glVertex3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); 
glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); 
glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f); 
glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); 
glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f); 

//back face triangle: 
glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); 
glVertex3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); 
glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); 
glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f); 
glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); 
glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f); 

// left face triangle: 
glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); 
glVertex3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); 
glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); 
glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f); 
glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); 
glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f); 

glEnd(); 
} 

private void drawCube() 
{ 
// enable color blending: 
glEnable(GL_BLEND); 
glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA); 
glLoadIdentity(); 

glTranslatef(0.0f, 0.2f, -6.0f); 
glRotatef(45.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); 

glBegin(GL_QUADS); 
// tegner først de sidene som ikke skal være gjennomsiktige: 
//the back: 
glColor4f(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); // yellow 
glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f); 
glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f); 
glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f); 
glVertex3f(1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f); 

//the bottom: 
glColor4f(1.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f, 1.0f); // orange 
glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f); 
glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f); 
glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f); 
glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f); 

//the right face: 
glColor4f(1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.75f); // cyan 
glVertex3f(1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f); 
glVertex3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); 
glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f); 
glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f); 

// de sidene som skal være gjennomsiktige: 
// setter DepthBuffer read-only: 
glDepthMask(0); 
//the front: 
glColor4f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.75f); // red 
glVertex3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); 
glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); 
glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f); 
glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f); 

//the top: 
glColor4f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.75f); // green 
glVertex3f(1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f); 
glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f); 
glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); 
glVertex3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); 

//the left face: 
glColor4f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.75f); // blue 
glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); 
glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f); 
glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f); 
glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f); 
glEnd(); 

glDepthMask(1); 
glDisable(GL_BLEND); 
} 

private void drawSphere() 
{ 
float[] ambient = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f }; 
float[] diffuse = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f }; 
float[] specular = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f }; 
float[] position = { 4.0f, 0.0f, 6.0f, 0.0f }; 

glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_AMBIENT, ambient); 
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_DIFFUSE, diffuse); 
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_SPECULAR, specular); 
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, position); 
glEnable(GL_LIGHT0); 
glEnable(GL_LIGHTING); 

gluLookAt(-4.0, -5.0, 6.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0); 

IntPtr hdc = gluNewQuadric(); 
gluSphere(hdc, 2.0, 40, 40); 
gluDeleteQuadric(hdc); 
} 
} 

}

-------------program.cs--------------

#region Using directives 

using System; 
using System.Collections.Generic; 
using System.Windows.Forms; 

#endregion 

namespace opentest 
{ 
static class Program 
{ 
/// <summary> 
/// The main entry point for the application. 
/// </summary> 
[STAThread] 
static void Main() 
{ 
Application.EnableVisualStyles(); 
Application.EnableRTLMirroring(); 
Application.Run(new Form1()); 
} 
} 
}

用第三方插件是CSGL，其官方网站为： http://csgl.sourceforge.net/
    关键是使用其提供的两个DLL：csgl.dll 和 csgl.native.dll，csgl.dll是开发使用的，在一个C#工程中，用“项目”－>“添加引用”－>“浏览”找到csgl.dll 引用。然后把两个dll都放到程序目录在运行时使用。
      在需要使用OpenGL函数的cs文件的using声明中，加上：using CsGL.OpenGL命名空间，就可以使用静态GL类调用OpenGL函数和变量了，比如GL.glRotatef
       而对于显示OpenGL窗口，需要自己建立一个从CsGL.OpenGL.OpenGLControl类继承的控制类，并至少做以下重构：

protected override void OnCreateControl()
{
   GL.glClearDepth(1.0f);
   GL.glDepthFunc(GL.GL_LEQUAL);
   GL.glEnable( GL.GL_DEPTH_TEST );
}

protected override void OnSizeChanged(EventArgs e)
{
   base.OnSizeChanged(e);

   Size s = Size;
   double aspect_ratio = (double)s.Width /(double) s.Height;
   ViewCtrl.VIEWSIZE_WIDTH = s.Width;
   ViewCtrl.VIEWSIZE_HEIGHT = s.Height;
   GL.glMatrixMode(GL.GL_PROJECTION);
   GL.glLoadIdentity();
   GL.gluPerspective(63.0f, aspect_ratio, 1f, 4000.0f);

   GL.glMatrixMode(GL.GL_MODELVIEW);
   GL.glLoadIdentity();
}

public override void glDraw()
{
   GL.glClearColor(0.1f,0.1f,0.2f,1.0f);
   GL.glClear(GL.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
   GL.glLoadIdentity();
    }

（在glDraw()中动态绘制想画的东西）

然后捆绑到一个Form窗体上显示就可以：
如：声明：public class csglViewer : OpenGLControl
在窗体中实例化：csglViewer myview;
myview = new csglViewer();
myview.dock = DockStyle.Fill;
Form1.Controls.Add(myview);

OK～其实C#里面使用OpenGL跟C++没有太大区别，OpenGL毕竟是所谓平台无关的，那些函数基本上都是一致的。重点其实就是学OpenGL而不是什么语言的OpenGL，只要把接口（或者可以说显示OpenGL画面的窗口）找到就行了

Trackback: http://tb.blog.csdn.net/TrackBack.aspx?PostId=1791625

===================

(3）其他开发包：OPENTK

http://sourceforge.net/projects/opentk/

The Open Toolkit library

The Open Toolkit library

The Open Toolkit library

还在支持。。。。非常不错。

有最新版本呢。

具体实例.跟着下面的网站..很有名的..作者的态度太让人佩服了..
http://nehe.gamedev.net/ 左边的 OpenGL Tutorials .. 一定要仔细的学

线性代数不好..看下面的网站.
http://chortle.ccsu.edu/VectorLessons/vectorIndex.html

openGL 官方红书手册
http://www.parallab.uib.no/SGI_bookshelves/SGI_Developer/books/OpenGL_RM/sgi_html/bk02.html

如果有不懂的wgl glut glu 函数去 http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/ 查

Article

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跨平台的引擎,ANDROID,WINDOWS ,LINUX.

http://sourceforge.net/projects/softpixelengine/files/

用C#开发opengl

SharpGL: A C# OpenGL Class Library