前言 HPUX简介
HP-UX (Hewlett-Packard Unix) 是惠普公司开发的类 Unix 操作系统。自 1980 年代问世以来,HP-UX 在技术和功能上不断发展,适应了多种硬件平台和企业计算需求。以下是 HP-UX 的发展历史概述:
1980 年代:起源与早期发展
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1983 年:HP-UX 1.0 发布,这是基于 UNIX System III 的操作系统,最初用于 HP 9000 系列计算机。
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1984 年:HP-UX 2.0 发布,基于 UNIX System V,这一版本增强了内存管理和文件系统性能。
1990 年代:扩展与创新
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1991 年:HP-UX 8.0 发布,引入了对多处理器的支持,并增强了图形用户界面功能。
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1993 年:HP-UX 9.0 发布,进一步改进了多任务处理和文件系统性能。
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1995 年:HP-UX 10.0 发布,这是一个重要的版本,带来了许多新特性,包括 Logical Volume Manager (LVM)、增强的用户界面、改进的安全功能和对对称多处理 (SMP) 的支持。
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1997 年:HP-UX 10.20 发布,提供了对 64 位计算和更大内存寻址的支持。
2000 年代:64 位架构与企业级功能
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2000 年:HP-UX 11i 发布,提供了更高的可靠性、可用性和服务性 (RAS) 特性,并引入了用于关键任务企业计算的改进,如动态分区和虚拟分区。
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2003 年:HP-UX 11i v2 (11.23) 发布,支持 Integrity 服务器,并提供更强的安全性和可管理性特性。
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2007 年:HP-UX 11i v3 (11.31) 发布,进一步改进了虚拟化、安全性、性能和管理功能。
2010 年代:持续改进与现代化
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2010 年:HP-UX 11i v3 2010 更新版发布,增强了云计算和大数据支持功能。
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2013 年:HP-UX 11i v3 2013 更新版发布,提供了对最新硬件的支持,并进一步改进了虚拟化和安全性。
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2017 年:HPE 宣布继续对 HP-UX 提供长期支持,并承诺为现有客户提供增强的功能和安全更新。
2020 年代:向长期支持转型
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2020 年及以后:尽管不再推出重大版本更新,HP-UX 仍然继续为企业客户提供关键任务支持。HPE 继续提供补丁、安全更新和技术支持,确保现有 HP-UX 环境的稳定运行
随着时代的发展X86机器的各项性能也不再逊色于小型机了,HP小型机也越来越少了,可能在一些金融行业还有HP小机的影子,但是确实少见很多了。这篇文章是介绍HPUX小机添加ASM磁盘,从文章的长度上就知道有多复杂,这里发一下仅供大家参考,一窥早期DBA的战战兢兢,如履薄冰!
Environment:
OS:HPUX11.31
DATABASE: oracle 10.0.2.4 3*nodes RAC
Storage:HP-6100 FC disk
Cluster:HPCM
1. cut 2*300G RAID5 FC EVA disk to all nodes of sfc12rc rac
2. os list and find new disk on all nodes:
ioscan -N -fCdisk
ioscan -N -m lun
ioscan -fnCdisk
smh to check disk properties: SMH->Disks and File Systems->Disks->Details
VD name UUID LUN sfc12rc1 sfc12rc2 sfc12rc3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VD_12_ORA_DATA_13 6001-4380-02a5-7554-0001-0000-0096-0000 18 disk98 disk97 disk99
VD_12_ORA_DATA_14 6001-4380-02a5-7554-0001-0000-0099-0000 19 disk103 disk103 disk104
3. stop oracle cluster and OS cluster
sqlplus to close database from sfc12rc1 to sfc12rc3
--sqlplus / as sysdba shutdown immediate on each node.
stop all oracle cluster service:
crs_stop -all
crsctl stop crs
stop OS cluster:
cmviewcl
cmhaltcl -f
cmviewcl
session log
sfc12rc1:/# crsctl check crs
CSS appears healthy
CRS appears healthy
EVM appears healthy
sfc12rc1:/# crsctl stop crs --stop cluster
Stopping resources. This could take several minutes.
Successfully stopped CRS resources.
Stopping CSSD.
Shutting down CSS daemon.
Shutdown request successfully issued.
sfc12rc1:/#
sfc12rc1:/#
sfc12rc1:/# cmviewcl -- view information about a high availability cluster
CLUSTER STATUS
clu_RACSFC12 up
NODE STATUS STATE
sfc12rc1 up running
PACKAGE STATUS STATE AUTO_RUN NODE
pkgSFC12IP1 up running enabled sfc12rc1
pkgSFC12DB1 up running disabled sfc12rc1
NODE STATUS STATE
sfc12rc2 up running
PACKAGE STATUS STATE AUTO_RUN NODE
pkgSFC12IP2 up running enabled sfc12rc2
pkgSFC12DB2 up running disabled sfc12rc2
NODE STATUS STATE
sfc12rc3 up running
PACKAGE STATUS STATE AUTO_RUN NODE
pkgSFC12IP3 up running enabled sfc12rc3
pkgSFC12DB3 up running disabled sfc12rc3
sfc12rc1:/# cmhaltcl --check a a high availability cluster healthy
Package pkgSFC12IP1 is still running on sfc12rc1.
Package pkgSFC12IP2 is still running on sfc12rc2.
Package pkgSFC12IP3 is still running on sfc12rc3.
Package pkgSFC12DB1 is still running on sfc12rc1.
Package pkgSFC12DB2 is still running on sfc12rc2.
Package pkgSFC12DB3 is still running on sfc12rc3.
Use the -f option to forcefully halt the cluster/node including halting packages.
sfc12rc1:/# cmhaltcl -f
Disabling all packages from starting on nodes to be halted.
Warning: Do not modify or enable packages until the halt operation is completed.
Disabling automatic failover for failover packages to be halted.
Halting package pkgSFC12IP1
Successfully halted package pkgSFC12IP1
Halting package pkgSFC12DB1
Successfully halted package pkgSFC12DB1
Halting package pkgSFC12IP2
Successfully halted package pkgSFC12IP2
Halting package pkgSFC12DB2
Successfully halted package pkgSFC12DB2
Halting package pkgSFC12IP3
Successfully halted package pkgSFC12IP3
Halting package pkgSFC12DB3
Successfully halted package pkgSFC12DB3
This operation may take some time.
Waiting for nodes to halt ... done
Successfully halted all nodes specified.
Halt operation complete.
sfc12rc1:/# cmviewcl --check os cluster is down
CLUSTER STATUS
clu_RACSFC12 down
NODE STATUS STATE
sfc12rc1 down unknown
sfc12rc2 down unknown
sfc12rc3 down unknown
UNOWNED_PACKAGES
PACKAGE STATUS STATE AUTO_RUN NODE
pkgSFC12IP1 down halted enabled unowned
pkgSFC12IP2 down halted enabled unowned
pkgSFC12IP3 down halted enabled unowned
pkgSFC12DB1 down halted disabled unowned
pkgSFC12DB2 down halted disabled unowned
pkgSFC12DB3 down halted disabled unowned
sfc12rc1:/#
----------------------------------------------------------------------
4. create VG&LV in sfc12rc1, then export VG mapfile:
Sfc12rc1:
pvcreate /dev/rdisk/disk98
pvcreate /dev/rdisk/disk103
mkdir /dev/vg_ora_data04
mknod /dev/vg_ora_data04/group c 64 0x070000
vgcreate -l 10 -s 32 vg_ora_data06 /dev/disk/disk114
vgextend vg_ora_data06 /dev/disk/disk119
vgdisplay vg_ora_data04
vgdisplay -v vg_ora_data04
lvcreate -l 9597 -n lvdata05 vg_ora_data04
lvcreate -l 9597 -n lvdata06 vg_ora_data04
mkdir -p /tmp/20111231 --from sfc12rc1 to sfc12rc3
vgexport -p -v -s -m /tmp/20111231/vg_ora_data04.map vg_ora_data04
rcp /tmp/20111231/vg_ora_data04.map sfc12rc2:/tmp/20111231
rcp /tmp/20111231/vg_ora_data04.map sfc12rc3:/tmp/20111231
sfc12rc1:/# pvcreate /dev/rdisk/disk98 --create physical volume
Physical volume "/dev/rdisk/disk98" has been successfully created.
sfc12rc1:/# pvcreate /dev/rdisk/disk103 --create physical volume
Physical volume "/dev/rdisk/disk103" has been successfully created.
sfc12rc1:/# ls -lrt /dev/vg_ora_data04
/dev/vg_ora_data04 not found
sfc12rc1:/# mkdir /dev/vg_ora_data04
sfc12rc1:/# mknod /dev/vg_ora_data06/group c 64 0x090000
--最后编号与其他VG不同即可
sfc12rc1:/# ls -lrt /dev/vg_ora_data04
total 0
crw-r--r-- 1 root sys 64 0x070000 Dec 31 08:53 group
sfc12rc1:/# vgdisplay vg_ora_data04 --display information about LVM volume groups
--- Volume groups ---
VG Name /dev/vg_ora_data04
VG Write Access read/write
VG Status available
Max LV 10
Cur