树莓派3b+安装ubuntu server，安装mysql

1、[下载镜像]
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/releases/18.04.5/release/ubuntu-18.04.5-preinstalled-server-arm64+raspi3.img.xz
2、解压
3、把镜像写入tf卡，插入树莓派
4、登录，初始账户及密码
用户名：ubuntu
密码：ubuntu
初次登陆修改密码
Ubuntu server安装成功
5、添加root用户
输入命令sudo passwd 给root用户设置密码
输入su命令，切换至root用户
6、root用户不允许远程登陆，修改一下令root 允许ssh远程登录

sudo vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config

找到PermitRootLogin without-password 修改为PermitRootLogin yes 或者直接添加PermitRootLogin yes
7、service ssh restart 重启ssh，用ssh工具登录
8、修改默认源

先备份/etc/apt/sources.list，

cd /etc/apt/
cp sources.list sources.list.d
vi /etc/apt/sources.list 

然后把sources.list里面的内容替换为:

## Note, this file is written by cloud-init on first boot of an instance
## modifications made here will not survive a re-bundle.
## if you wish to make changes you can:
## a.) add 'apt_preserve_sources_list: true' to /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg
##     or do the same in user-data
## b.) add sources in /etc/apt/sources.list.d
## c.) make changes to template file /etc/cloud/templates/sources.list.tmpl
# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports bionic main restricted
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports bionic main restricted
## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates main restricted
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates main restricted
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports bionic universe
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports bionic universe
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates universe
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates universe
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu 
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to 
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in 
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports bionic multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports bionic multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates multiverse
## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
 
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports bionic-security main restricted
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports bionic-security main restricted
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports bionic-security universe
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports bionic-security universe
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports bionic-security multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports bionic-security multiverse
## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic partner
 

更新

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrate

9、安装mysql

sudo apt install mysql-server

10、配置mysql

mysql_secure_installation

root@ubuntu-virtual-machine:~# mysql_secure_installation

Securing the MySQL server deployment.

Connecting to MySQL using a blank password.

VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN can be used to test passwords
and improve security. It checks the strength of password
and allows the users to set only those passwords which are
secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD plugin?    # 要安装验证密码插件吗?

Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: N    # 这里我选择N
Please set the password for root here.

New password:   # 输入要为root管理员设置的数据库密码

Re-enter new password:   # 再次输入密码


By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.

Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y     # 删除匿名账户
Success.


Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : N    # 禁止root管理员从远程登录，这里我没有禁止

... skipping.
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.


Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y   # 删除test数据库并取消对它的访问权限
- Dropping test database...
Success.

- Removing privileges on test database...
Success.

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y   # 刷新授权表，让初始化后的设定立即生效
Success.

All done!

用mysql -u root -p命令，Enter password:处输入刚设置的密码，回车，就能够进入mysql数据库。

使用 use mysql; 命令打开mysql命名的数据库，显示当前数据库的表：show tables; 查询user表里的数据：select * from user;（user表里是mysql数据库的所有账户信息）
11、配置mysql允许远程访问
编辑 /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf 配置文件：

vim /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

用# 注释掉bind-address = 127.0.0.1

保存，进入mysql授权

mysql -u root -p
mysql> grant all on *.* to root@'%' identified by '你的密码' with grant option;

mysql> flush privileges;    # 刷新权限

mysql> exit

重启mysql服务

systemctl restart mysql