__devexit_p的功能

要在Linux内核中实现一个PWM驱动程序并将其与GPIO关联起来，首先需要理解基本流程，包括创建驱动、配置设备树、初始化定时器和设置GPIO功能。以下是一个简化版的概述： 1. **创建驱动**: - 创建一个新的内核模块，例如`my_pwm_driver.c`和`my_pwm_driver.ko`。在`my_pwm_driver.c`中，定义`struct pwm_device`结构体，它将包含PWM设备的数据。 ```c struct pwm_device { struct device dev; struct timer_list timer; u32 duty_cycle; }; ``` 2. **设备树配置**: - 在`drivers/pwm/Kconfig`文件中添加PWM相关的Kconfig选项，并在`Documentation/devicetree/bindings/pwm`目录下创建相应的device tree binding（dtb）文件描述PWM设备的属性。 ```dts &pwm-controller { compatible = "my_pwm_controller"; pwm-channels = <4>; pwm-frequency = <50000>; #address-cells = <1>; #size-cells = <0>; pwm-channel@0 { pinctrl-names = "default"; pinctrl-0 = <&gpio_pinctrl>; gpio = <&gpio0 0 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>; }; }; ``` 3. **初始化定时器**: - 使用`timer_init()`函数在driver初始化时设置定时器，设置周期和回调函数来更新PWM的占空比。 ```c static void pwm_timer_fn(unsigned long data) { struct pwm_device *pwm_dev = (struct pwm_device *)data; pwm_dev->duty_cycle++; } int __init my_pwm_driver_init(void) { // 初始化设备 pwm_dev = kmalloc(sizeof(*pwm_dev), GFP_KERNEL); if (!pwm_dev) return -ENOMEM; // 初始化定时器 timer_init(&pwm_dev->timer, pwm_timer_fn, (unsigned long)pwm_dev); timer_start(&pwm_dev->timer, 1000 / PWM_FREQUENCY, HZ); } ``` 4. **设置GPIO功能**: - 在`driver_entry`函数中，注册GPIO并设置其功能为PWM输出。 ```c static int __devinit my_pwm_probe(struct platform_device *pdev) { // Register with the system and get GPIO pin information gpio_request(pwm_dev->gpio, "PWM Pin"); gpio_direction_output(pwm_dev->gpio, 0); // ...其他初始化操作... return 0; } static void __devexit my_pwm_remove(struct platform_device *pdev) { gpio_free(pwm_dev->gpio); } ``` 5. **用户空间接口**: - 如果需要，可以提供sysfs接口让用户空间调整PWM参数。 ```c static ssize_t duty_cycle_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf) { struct pwm_device *pwm_dev = container_of(dev, struct pwm_device, dev); return sprintf(buf, "%u\n", pwm_dev->duty_cycle); } static ssize_t duty_cycle_store(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t count) { // Update PWM duty cycle ... return count; } static DEVICE_ATTR(duty_cycle, S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR, duty_cycle_show, duty_cycle_store); ```