Certainly!
Here is a comprehensive guide to German pronouns,
including all types with examples:
### 1. Personal Pronouns (Personalpronomen)
Personal pronouns replace specific nouns and are used to refer to
people or things.
**Nominative:**
- ich (I)
- du (you - informal singular)
- er (he)
- sie (she)
- es (it)
- wir (we)
- ihr (you - informal plural)
- sie (they)
- Sie (you - formal singular and plural)
**Examples:**
- Ich bin müde. (I am tired.)
- Sie ist meine Schwester. (She is my sister.)
- Wir gehen ins Kino. (We are going to the cinema.)
**Accusative:**
- mich (me)
- dich (you - informal singular)
- ihn (him)
- sie (her)
- es (it)
- uns (us)
- euch (you - informal plural)
- sie (them)
- Sie (you - formal singular and plural)
**Examples:**
- Kannst du mich hören? (Can you hear me?)
- Ich sehe ihn. (I see him.)
- Wir besuchen euch. (We are visiting you.)
**Dative:**
- mir (me)
- dir (you - informal singular)
- ihm (him)
- ihr (her)
- ihm (it)
- uns (us)
- euch (you - informal plural)
- ihnen (them)
- Ihnen (you - formal singular and plural)
**Examples:**
- Gib mir das Buch. (Give me the book.)
- Ich helfe ihm. (I help him.)
- Wir danken euch. (We thank you.)
### 2. Possessive Pronouns (Possessivpronomen)
Possessive pronouns indicate ownership.
**Nominative:**
- mein (my)
- dein (your - informal singular)
- sein (his)
- ihr (her)
- sein (its)
- unser (our)
- euer (your - informal plural)
- ihr (their)
- Ihr (your - formal)
**Examples:**
- Das ist mein Buch. (That is my book.)
- Ist das euer Auto? (Is that your car?)
**Accusative:**
- meinen/meine/mein (my)
- deinen/deine/dein (your - informal singular)
- seinen/seine/sein (his)
- ihren/ihre/ihr (her)
- seinen/seine/sein (its)
- unseren/unsere/unser (our)
- euren/eure/euer (your - informal plural)
- ihren/ihre/ihr (their)
- Ihren/Ihre/Ihr (your - formal)
**Examples:**
- Ich finde deinen Stift. (I find your pen.)
- Hast du ihre Tasche gesehen? (Have you seen her bag?)
**Dative:**
- meinem/meiner/meinem (my)
- deinem/deiner/deinem (your - informal singular)
- seinem/seiner/seinem (his)
- ihrem/ihrer/ihrem (her)
- seinem/seiner/seinem (its)
- unserem/unserer/unserem (our)
- eurem/eurer/eurem (your - informal plural)
- ihrem/ihrer/ihrem (their)
- Ihrem/Ihrer/Ihrem (your - formal)
**Examples:**
- Ich habe mit deinem Freund gesprochen. (I spoke with your
friend.)
- Das gehört ihrem Vater. (That belongs to her father.)
### 3. Reflexive Pronouns (Reflexivpronomen)
Reflexive pronouns are used when the subject and the object of
the verb are the same.
**Nominative:**
- ich (I)
- du (you)
- er/sie/es (he/she/it)
- wir (we)
- ihr (you)
- sie (they)
- Sie (you - formal)
**Accusative:**
- mich (myself)
- dich (yourself - informal singular)
- sich (himself/herself/itself)
- uns (ourselves)
- euch (yourselves - informal plural)
- sich (themselves)
- sich (yourself - formal singular and plural)
**Examples:**
- Ich sehe mich im Spiegel. (I see myself in the mirror.)
- Er freut sich. (He is happy.)
**Dative:**
- mir (myself)
- dir (yourself - informal singular)
- sich (himself/herself/itself)
- uns (ourselves)
- euch (yourselves - informal plural)
- sich (themselves)
- sich (yourself - formal singular and plural)
**Examples:**
- Ich kaufe mir ein Eis. (I buy myself an ice cream.)
- Er wäscht sich die Hände. (He washes his hands.)
### 4. Demonstrative Pronouns (Demonstrativpronomen)
Demonstrative pronouns are used to point out specific people or
things.
**Nominative:**
- dieser/diese/dieses (this/these)
- jener/jene/jenes (that/those)
**Examples:**
- Dieser Apfel ist rot. (This apple is red.)
- Jene Bücher sind alt. (Those books are old.)
**Accusative:**
- diesen/diese/dieses (this/these)
- jenen/jene/jenes (that/those)
**Examples:**
- Ich nehme diesen Stuhl. (I take this chair.)
- Sie mag jene Katze. (She likes that cat.)
**Dative:**
- diesem/dieser/diesem (this/these)
- jenem/jener/jenem (that/those)
**Examples:**
- Ich gebe es diesem Mann. (I give it to this man.)
- Wir helfen jener Frau. (We help that woman.)
### 5. Interrogative Pronouns (Interrogativpronomen)
Interrogative pronouns are used to ask questions.
- wer (who)
- was (what)
- welcher/welche/welches (which)
- wessen (whose)
**Examples:**
- Wer bist du? (Who are you?)
- Was machst du? (What are you doing?)
- Welches Buch liest du? (Which book are you reading?)
- Wessen Auto ist das? (Whose car is that?)
### 6. Relative Pronouns (Relativpronomen)
Relative pronouns introduce relative clauses and relate to a noun
mentioned previously.
- der/die/das (who/which/that - nominative)
- den/die/das (whom/which/that - accusative)
- dem/der/dem (whom/which/that - dative)
**Examples:**
- Das ist der Mann, der hier arbeitet. (That is the man who works
here.)
- Die Frau, die dort steht, ist meine Tante. (The woman who is
standing there is my aunt.)
- Das Buch, das ich lese, ist spannend. (The book that I am
reading is exciting.)
### 7. Indefinite Pronouns (Indefinitpronomen)
Indefinite pronouns refer to non-specific persons or things.
- jemand (someone)
- niemand (no one)
- etwas (something)
- nichts (nothing)
- man (one/people)
- jeder/jede/jedes (each/everyone)
- einige (some)
- viele (many)
- alle (all)
**Examples:**
- Jemand hat angerufen. (Someone called.)
- Niemand war zu Hause. (No one was at home.)
- Man sagt, dass... (People say that...)
- Jeder liebt Ferien. (Everyone loves holidays.)
These are the main types of German pronouns, each with specific
forms and uses.
