ORACLE_FUNCTION.rar_oracle

SQL中的单记录函数 1.ASCII 返回与指定的字符对应的十进制数; SQL> select ascii('A') A,ascii('a') a,ascii('0') zero,ascii(' ') space from dual; A A ZERO SPACE --------- --------- --------- --------- 65 97 48 32 2.CHR 给出整数,返回对应的字符; SQL> select chr(54740) zhao,chr(65) chr65 from dual; ZH C -- - 赵 A 3.CONCAT 连接两个字符串; SQL> select concat('010-','88888888')||'转23' 高乾竞电话 from dual; 高乾竞电话 ---------------- 010-88888888转23 4.INITCAP 返回字符串并将字符串的第一个字母变为大写; SQL> select initcap('smith') upp from dual; UPP ----- Smith 5.INSTR(C1,C2,I,J) 在一个字符串中搜索指定的字符,返回发现指定的字符的位置; C1 被搜索的字符串 C2 希望搜索的字符串 I 搜索的开始位置,默认为1 J 出现的位置,默认为1 SQL> select instr('oracle traning','ra',1,2) instring from dual; INSTRING --------- 9 6.LENGTH 返回字符串的长度; SQL> select name,length(name),addr,length(addr),sal,length(to_char(sal)) from gao.nchar_tst; NAME LENGTH(NAME) ADDR LENGTH(ADDR) SAL LENGTH(TO_CHAR(SAL)) ------ ------------ ---------------- ------------ --------- -------------------- 高乾竞 3 北京市海锭区 6 9999.99 7 7.LOWER 返回字符串,并将所有的字符小写 SQL> select lower('AaBbCcDd')AaBbCcDd from dual; AABBCCDD -------- aabbccdd 8.UPPER 返回字符串,并将所有的字符大写 SQL> select upper('AaBbCcDd') upper from dual; UPPER -------- AABBCCDD 9.RPAD和LPAD(粘贴字符) RPAD 在列的右边粘贴字符 LPAD 在列的左边粘贴字符 SQL> select lpad(rpad('gao',10,'*'),17,'*')from dual; LPAD(RPAD('GAO',1 ----------------- *******gao******* 不够字符则用*来填满 10.LTRIM和RTRIM LTRIM 删除左边出现的字符串 RTRIM 删除右边出现的字符串 SQL> select ltrim(rtrim(' gao qian jing ',' '),' ') from dual; LTRIM(RTRIM(' ------------- gao qian jing 11.SUBSTR(string,start,count) 取子字符串,从start开始,取count个 SQL> select substr('13088888888',3,8) from dual; SUBSTR(' -------- 08888888 12.REPLACE('string','s1','s2') string 希望被替换的字符或变量 s1 被替换的字符串 s2 要替换的字符串 SQL> select replace('he love you','he','i') from dual; REPLACE('H ---------- i love you 13.SOUNDEX 返回一个与给定的字符串读音相同的字符串 SQL> create table table1(xm varchar(8)); SQL> insert into table1 values('weather'); SQL> insert into table1 values('wether'); SQL> insert into table1 values('gao'); SQL> select xm from table1 where soundex(xm)=soundex('weather'); XM -------- weather wether 14.TRIM('s' from 'string') LEADING 剪掉前面的字符 TRAILING 剪掉后面的字符 如果不指定,默认为空格符 15.ABS 返回指定值的绝对值 SQL> select abs(100),abs(-100) from dual; ABS(100) ABS(-100) --------- --------- 100 100 16.ACOS 给出反余弦的值 SQL> select acos(-1) from dual; ACOS(-1) --------- 3.1415927 17.ASIN 给出反正弦的值 SQL> select asin(0.5) from dual; ASIN(0.5) --------- .52359878 18.ATAN 返回一个数字的反正切值 SQL> select atan(1) from dual; ATAN(1) --------- .78539816 19.CEIL 返回大于或等于给出数字的最小整数 SQL> select ceil(3.1415927) from dual; CEIL(3.1415927) --------------- 4 20.COS 返回一个给定数字的余弦 SQL> select cos(-3.1415927) from dual; COS(-3.1415927) --------------- -1 21.COSH 返回一个数字反余弦值 SQL> select cosh(20) from dual; COSH(20) --------- 242582598 22.EXP 返回一个数字e的n次方根 SQL> select exp(2),exp(1) from dual; EXP(2) EXP(1) --------- --------- 7.3890561 2.7182818 23.FLOOR 对给定的数字取整数 SQL> select floor(2345.67) from dual; FLOOR(2345.67) -------------- 2345 24.LN 返回一个数字的对数值 SQL> select ln(1),ln(2),ln(2.7182818) from dual; LN(1) LN(2) LN(2.7182818) --------- --------- ------------- 0 .69314718 .99999999 25.LOG(n1,n2) 返回一个以n1为底n2的对数 SQL> select log(2,1),log(2,4) from dual; LOG(2,1) LOG(2,4) --------- --------- 0 2 26.MOD(n1,n2) 返回一个n1除以n2的余数 SQL> select mod(10,3),mod(3,3),mod(2,3) from dual; MOD(10,3) MOD(3,3) MOD(2,3) --------- --------- --------- 1 0 2 27.POWER 返回n1的n2次方根 SQL> select power(2,10),power(3,3) from dual; POWER(2,10) POWER(3,3) ----------- ---------- 1024 27 28.ROUND和TRUNC 按照指定的精度进行舍入 SQL> select round(55.5),round(-55.4),trunc(55.5),trunc(-55.5) from dual; ROUND(55.5) ROUND(-55.4) TRUNC(55.5) TRUNC(-55.5) ----------- ------------ ----------- ------------ 56 -55 55 -55 29.SIGN 取数字n的符号,大于0返回1,小于0返回-1,等于0返回0 SQL> select sign(123),sign(-100),sign(0) from dual; SIGN(123) SIGN(-100) SIGN(0) --------- ---------- --------- 1 -1 0 30.SIN 返回一个数字的正弦值 SQL> select sin(1.57079) from dual; SIN(1.57079) ------------ 1 31.SIGH 返回双曲正弦的值 SQL> select sin(20),sinh(20) from dual; SIN(20) SINH(20) --------- --------- .91294525 242582598 32.SQRT 返回数字n的根 SQL> select sqrt(64),sqrt(10) from dual; SQRT(64) SQRT(10) --------- --------- 8 3.1622777 33.TAN 返回数字的正切值 SQL> select tan(20),tan(10) from dual; TAN(20) TAN(10) --------- --------- 2.2371609 .64836083 34.TANH 返回数字n的双曲正切值 SQL> select tanh(20),tan(20) from dual; TANH(20) TAN(20) --------- --------- 1 2.2371609 35.TRUNC 按照指定的精度截取一个数 SQL> select trunc(124.1666,-2) trunc1,trunc(124.16666,2) from dual; TRUNC1 TRUNC(124.16666,2) --------- ------------------ 100 124.16 36.ADD_MONTHS 增加或减去月份 SQL> select to_char(add_months(to_date('199912','yyyymm'),2),'yyyymm') from dual; TO_CHA ------ 200002 SQL> select to_char(add_months(to_date('199912','yyyymm'),-2),'yyyymm') from dual; TO_CHA ------ 199910 37.LAST_DAY 返回日期的最后一天 SQL> select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy.mm.dd'),to_char((sysdate)+1,'yyyy.mm.dd') from dual; TO_CHAR(SY TO_CHAR((S ---------- ---------- 2004.05.09 2004.05.10 SQL> select last_day(sysdate) from dual; LAST_DAY(S ---------- 31-5月 -04 38.MONTHS_BETWEEN(date2,date1) 给出date2-date1的月份 SQL> select months_between('19-12月-1999','19-3月-1999') mon_between from dual; MON_BETWEEN ----------- 9 SQL>selectmonths_between(to_date('2000.05.20','yyyy.mm.dd'),to_date('2005.05.20','yyyy.mm.dd')) mon_betw from dual; MON_BETW --------- -60 39.NEW_TIME(date,'this','that') 给出在this时区=other时区的日期和时间 SQL> select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy.mm.dd hh24:mi:ss') bj_time,to_char(new_time 2 (sysdate,'PDT','GMT'),'yyyy.mm.dd hh24:mi:ss') los_angles from dual; BJ_TIME LOS_ANGLES ------------------- ------------------- 2004.05.09 11:05:32 2004.05.09 18:05:32 40.NEXT_DAY(date,'day') 给出日期date和星期x之后计算下一个星期的日期 SQL> select next_day('18-5月-2001','星期五') next_day from dual; NEXT_DAY ---------- 25-5月 -01 41.SYSDATE 用来得到系统的当前日期 SQL> select to_char(sysdate,'dd-mm-yyyy day') from dual; TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,' ----------------- 09-05-2004 星期日 trunc(date,fmt)按照给出的要求将日期截断,如果fmt='mi'表示保留分,截断秒 SQL> select to_char(trunc(sysdate,'hh'),'yyyy.mm.dd hh24:mi:ss') hh, 2 to_char(trunc(sysdate,'mi'),'yyyy.mm.dd hh24:mi:ss') hhmm from dual; HH HHMM ------------------- ------------------- 2004.05.09 11:00:00 2004.05.09 11:17:00 42.CHARTOROWID 将字符数据类型转换为ROWID类型 SQL> select rowid,rowidtochar(rowid),ename from scott.emp; ROWID ROWIDTOCHAR(ROWID) ENAME ------------------ ------------------ ---------- AAAAfKAACAAAAEqAAA AAAAfKAACAAAAEqAAA