pg_upgrade: Parallelize retrieving loadable libraries.

pg_upgrade: Parallelize retrieving loadable libraries.

This commit makes use of the new task framework in pg_upgrade to
parallelize retrieving the names of all libraries referenced by
non-built-in C functions.  This step will now process multiple
databases concurrently when pg_upgrade's --jobs option is provided
a value greater than 1.

Reviewed-by: Daniel Gustafsson, Ilya Gladyshev
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20240516211638.GA1688936%40nathanxps13