math: implement statistical functions for mean, median, mode, variance, and stddev

[hemanth0525]

This PR enhances the Go math package by adding essential statistical functions: Mean, Median, Mode, Variance, StdDev, and Percentile. These additions provide critical tools for data analysis and statistical computation directly within the standard library.

Key Features:

Comprehensive Statistical Analysis: The new functions offer fundamental statistical measures to help developers perform in-depth data analysis and understand data distributions better.

Edge Case Handling: The functions handle special cases, such as empty slices, to ensure predictable and reliable behavior.

Performance and Accuracy: Implemented with efficient algorithms to ensure optimal performance while maintaining accuracy in calculations.

Increased Utility: By integrating these functions into the math package, this PR reduces the need for external libraries, making statistical computation more accessible and consistent.

This enhancement provides Go developers with robust and reliable statistical tools, streamlining data analysis tasks and improving the language's capabilities for scientific and financial applications.

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Patch Set 1:

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Patch Set 1: Hold+1

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Patch Set 4: Code-Review+1

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