server.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!-- $Revision$ -->

<refentry role="variable" xml:id="reserved.variables.server" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
 <refnamediv>
  <refname>$_SERVER</refname>
  <refpurpose>Server and execution environment information</refpurpose>
 </refnamediv>
 
 <refsect1 role="description">
  &reftitle.description;
  <para>
   <varname>$_SERVER</varname> is an &array; containing information
   such as headers, paths, and script locations.
   The entries in this array are created by the web server, therefore there
   is no guarantee that every web server will provide any of these;
   servers may omit some, or provide others not listed here.
   However, most of these variables are accounted for in the
   <link xlink:href="&url.rfc;3875">CGI/1.1 specification</link>,
   and are likely to be defined.
  </para>
  <note>
   <simpara>
    When running PHP on the <link linkend="features.commandline">command line</link>
    most of these entries will not be available or have any meaning.
   </simpara>
  </note>
  <para>
   In addition to the elements listed below, PHP will create additional
   elements with values from request headers. These entries will be named
   <literal>HTTP_</literal> followed by the header name,
   capitalized and with underscores instead of hyphens.
   For example, the <literal>Accept-Language</literal> header would be
   available as <code>$_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE']</code>.
  </para>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="indices">
  &reftitle.indices;

  <para>
   <variablelist>
    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<varname>PHP_SELF</varname>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <simpara>
       The filename of the currently executing script, relative to
       the document root. For instance,
       <varname>$_SERVER['PHP_SELF']</varname> in a script at the
       address <filename>http://example.com/foo/bar.php</filename>
       would be <filename>/foo/bar.php</filename>.
       The <link linkend="language.constants.predefined">__FILE__</link>
       constant contains the full path and filename of the current (i.e.
       included) file.
      </simpara>
      <simpara>
       If PHP is running as a command-line processor this variable contains
       the script name.
      </simpara>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<link linkend="reserved.variables.argv">argv</link>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <simpara>
       Array of arguments passed to the script. When the script is
       run on the command line, this gives C-style access to the
       command line parameters. When called via the GET method, this
       will contain the query string.
      </simpara>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<link linkend="reserved.variables.argc">argc</link>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <simpara>
       Contains the number of command line parameters passed to the
       script (if run on the command line).
      </simpara>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<varname>GATEWAY_INTERFACE</varname>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <simpara>
       What revision of the CGI specification the server is using;
       e.g. <literal>'CGI/1.1'</literal>.
      </simpara>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<varname>SERVER_ADDR</varname>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <simpara>
       The IP address of the server under which the current script is
       executing.
      </simpara>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<varname>SERVER_NAME</varname>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <simpara>
       The name of the server host under which the current script is
       executing. If the script is running on a virtual host, this
       will be the value defined for that virtual host.
      </simpara>
      <note>
       <simpara>
        Under Apache 2, <literal>UseCanonicalName = On</literal> and
        <literal>ServerName</literal> must be set. Otherwise, this value
        reflects the hostname supplied by the client, which can be spoofed.
        It is not safe to rely on this value in security-dependent contexts.
       </simpara>
      </note>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<varname>SERVER_SOFTWARE</varname>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <simpara>
       Server identification string, given in the headers when
       responding to requests.
      </simpara>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<varname>SERVER_PROTOCOL</varname>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <simpara>
       Name and revision of the information protocol via which the
       page was requested; e.g. <literal>'HTTP/1.0'</literal>;
      </simpara>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>
    
    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<varname>REQUEST_METHOD</varname>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <simpara>
       Which request method was used to access the page; e.g. <literal>'GET'</literal>,
       <literal>'HEAD'</literal>, <literal>'POST'</literal>, <literal>'PUT'</literal>.
      </simpara>
      <note>
       <para>
        PHP script is terminated after sending headers (it means after
        producing any output without output buffering) if the request method
        was <literal>HEAD</literal>.
       </para>
      </note>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<varname>REQUEST_TIME</varname>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <simpara>
       The timestamp of the start of the request.
      </simpara>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>
    
    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<varname>REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT</varname>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <simpara>
       The timestamp of the start of the request, with microsecond precision.
      </simpara>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<varname>QUERY_STRING</varname>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <simpara>
       The query string, if any, via which the page was accessed.
      </simpara>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<varname>DOCUMENT_ROOT</varname>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <simpara>
       The document root directory under which the current script is
       executing, as defined in the server's configuration file.
      </simpara>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<varname>HTTPS</varname>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <simpara>
       Set to a non-empty value if the script was queried through the HTTPS
       protocol.
      </simpara>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<varname>REMOTE_ADDR</varname>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <simpara>
       The IP address from which the user is viewing the current
       page.
      </simpara>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<varname>REMOTE_HOST</varname>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <simpara>
       The Host name from which the user is viewing the current
       page.  The reverse dns lookup is based on the 
       <varname>REMOTE_ADDR</varname> of the user.
      </simpara>
      <note>
       <simpara>
        The web server must be configured to create this variable.
        For example in Apache <literal>HostnameLookups On</literal> must be
        set inside &httpd.conf; for it to exist.  See also
        <function>gethostbyaddr</function>.
       </simpara>
      </note>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<varname>REMOTE_PORT</varname>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <simpara>
       The port being used on the user's machine to communicate with
       the web server.
      </simpara>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<varname>REMOTE_USER</varname>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <simpara>
        The authenticated user.
      </simpara>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<varname>REDIRECT_REMOTE_USER</varname>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <simpara>
        The authenticated user if the request is internally redirected.
      </simpara>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<varname>SCRIPT_FILENAME</varname>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <para>
       The absolute pathname of the currently executing script.
       <note>
        <para>
         If a script is executed with the CLI, as a relative path,
         such as <filename>file.php</filename> or 
         <filename>../file.php</filename>, 
         <varname>$_SERVER['SCRIPT_FILENAME']</varname> will 
         contain the relative path specified by the user.
        </para>
       </note>
      </para>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<varname>SERVER_ADMIN</varname>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <simpara>
       The value given to the SERVER_ADMIN (for Apache) directive in
       the web server configuration file. If the script is running
       on a virtual host, this will be the value defined for that
       virtual host.
      </simpara>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>
    
    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<varname>SERVER_PORT</varname>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <simpara>
       The port on the server machine being used by the web server
       for communication. For default setups, this will be <literal>'80'</literal>;
       using SSL, for instance, will change this to whatever your
       defined secure HTTP port is.
      </simpara>
      <note>
       <simpara>
        Under Apache 2, <literal>UseCanonicalName = On</literal>, as well
        as <literal>UseCanonicalPhysicalPort = On</literal> must be set in
        order to get the physical (real) port, otherwise, this value can be
        spoofed, and it may or may not return the physical port value.
        It is not safe to rely on this value in security-dependent contexts.
       </simpara>
      </note>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<varname>SERVER_SIGNATURE</varname>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <simpara>
       String containing the server version and virtual host name
       which are added to server-generated pages, if enabled.
      </simpara>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<varname>PATH_TRANSLATED</varname>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <simpara>
       Filesystem- (not document root-) based path to the current
       script, after the server has done any virtual-to-real
       mapping.
      </simpara>
      <note>
       <simpara>
        Apache 2 users may use <literal>AcceptPathInfo = On</literal> inside
        <filename>httpd.conf</filename> to define <envar>PATH_INFO</envar>.
       </simpara>
      </note>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<varname>SCRIPT_NAME</varname>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <simpara>
       Contains the current script's path. This is useful for pages
       which need to point to themselves.
       The <link linkend="language.constants.predefined">__FILE__</link>
       constant contains the full path and filename of the current (i.e.
       included) file.
      </simpara>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<varname>REQUEST_URI</varname>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <simpara>
       The URI which was given in order to access this page; for
       instance, '<literal>/index.html</literal>'.
      </simpara>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<varname>PHP_AUTH_DIGEST</varname>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <simpara>
       When doing Digest HTTP authentication this variable is set 
       to the 'Authorization' header sent by the client (which you 
       should then use to make the appropriate validation).
      </simpara>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<varname>PHP_AUTH_USER</varname>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <simpara>
       When doing HTTP authentication this variable is set to the 
       username provided by the user.
      </simpara>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<varname>PHP_AUTH_PW</varname>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <simpara>
       When doing HTTP authentication this variable is set to the 
       password provided by the user.
      </simpara>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<varname>AUTH_TYPE</varname>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <simpara>
       When doing HTTP authentication this variable is set to the 
       authentication type.
      </simpara>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<varname>PATH_INFO</varname>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <simpara>
       Contains any client-provided pathname information trailing the
       actual script filename but preceding the query string, if available.
       For instance, if the current script was accessed via the URI
       <filename>http://www.example.com/php/path_info.php/some/stuff?foo=bar</filename>,
       then <varname>$_SERVER['PATH_INFO']</varname> would
       contain <literal>/some/stuff</literal>.
      </simpara>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
     <term>'<varname>ORIG_PATH_INFO</varname>'</term>
     <listitem>
      <simpara>
       Original version of '<varname>PATH_INFO</varname>' before processed by
       PHP.
      </simpara>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

   </variablelist>
  </para>
 </refsect1>
 
 <refsect1 role="examples">
  &reftitle.examples;
  <para>
   <example xml:id="variable.server.basic">
    <title><varname>$_SERVER</varname> example</title>
    <programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
<?php
echo $_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'];
?>
]]>
    </programlisting>
    &example.outputs.similar;
    <screen>
<![CDATA[
www.example.com
]]>
    </screen>
   </example>
  </para>
 </refsect1>
 
 <refsect1 role="notes">
  &reftitle.notes;
  &note.is-superglobal;
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="seealso">
  &reftitle.seealso;
  <para>
   <simplelist>
    <member><link linkend="book.filter">The filter extension</link></member>
   </simplelist>
  </para>
 </refsect1>

</refentry>
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