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class="text-center mb-0"> Please <a class="font-weight-bold" href="../../about.html#citing-scikit-learn"><string>cite us</string></a> if you use the software. </p> </div> <div class="sk-sidebar-toc"> <ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sklearn.datasets</span></code>.load_boston</a><ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#examples-using-sklearn-datasets-load-boston">Examples using <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sklearn.datasets.load_boston</span></code></a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="sk-page-content-wrapper"> <div class="sk-page-content container-fluid body px-md-3" role="main"> <div class="section" id="sklearn-datasets-load-boston"> <h1><a class="reference internal" href="../classes.html#module-sklearn.datasets" title="sklearn.datasets"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sklearn.datasets</span></code></a>.load_boston<a class="headerlink" href="#sklearn-datasets-load-boston" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> <dl class="function"> <dt id="sklearn.datasets.load_boston"> <code class="sig-prename descclassname">sklearn.datasets.</code><code class="sig-name descname">load_boston</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">*</em>, <em class="sig-param">return_X_y=False</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/scikit-learn/scikit-learn/blob/0fb307bf3/sklearn/datasets/_base.py#L948"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#sklearn.datasets.load_boston" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Load and return the boston house-prices dataset (regression).</p> <table class="docutils align-default"> <colgroup> <col style="width: 50%" /> <col style="width: 50%" /> </colgroup> <tbody> <tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Samples total</p></td> <td><p>506</p></td> </tr> <tr class="row-even"><td><p>Dimensionality</p></td> <td><p>13</p></td> </tr> <tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Features</p></td> <td><p>real, positive</p></td> </tr> <tr class="row-even"><td><p>Targets</p></td> <td><p>real 5. - 50.</p></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Read more in the <a class="reference internal" href="../../datasets/index.html#boston-dataset"><span class="std std-ref">User Guide</span></a>.</p> <dl class="field-list"> <dt class="field-odd">Parameters</dt> <dd class="field-odd"><dl> <dt><strong>return_X_y</strong><span class="classifier">bool, default=False.</span></dt><dd><p>If True, returns <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(data,</span> <span class="pre">target)</span></code> instead of a Bunch object. See below for more information about the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">data</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">target</span></code> object.</p> <div class="versionadded"> <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 0.18.</span></p> </div> </dd> </dl> </dd> <dt class="field-even">Returns</dt> <dd class="field-even"><dl> <dt><strong>data</strong><span class="classifier"><a class="reference internal" href="sklearn.utils.Bunch.html#sklearn.utils.Bunch" title="sklearn.utils.Bunch"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Bunch</span></code></a></span></dt><dd><p>Dictionary-like object, with the following attributes.</p> <dl> <dt>data<span class="classifier">ndarray of shape (506, 13)</span></dt><dd><p>The data matrix.</p> </dd> <dt>target<span class="classifier">ndarray of shape (506, )</span></dt><dd><p>The regression target.</p> </dd> <dt>filename<span class="classifier">str</span></dt><dd><p>The physical location of boston csv dataset.</p> <div class="versionadded"> <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 0.20.</span></p> </div> </dd> <dt>DESCR<span class="classifier">str</span></dt><dd><p>The full description of the dataset.</p> </dd> <dt>feature_names<span class="classifier">ndarray</span></dt><dd><p>The names of features</p> </dd> </dl> </dd> <dt><strong>(data, target)</strong><span class="classifier">tuple if <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">return_X_y</span></code> is True</span></dt><dd><div class="versionadded"> <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 0.18.</span></p> </div> </dd> </dl> </dd> </dl> <p class="rubric">Notes</p> <div class="versionchanged"> <p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 0.20: </span>Fixed a wrong data point at [445, 0].</p> </div> <p class="rubric">Examples</p> <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">sklearn.datasets</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">load_boston</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">X</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">y</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">load_boston</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">return_X_y</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">X</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">shape</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="go">(506, 13)</span> </pre></div> </div> </dd></dl> <div class="section" id="examples-using-sklearn-datasets-load-boston"> <h2>Examples using <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sklearn.datasets.load_boston</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#examples-using-sklearn-datasets-load-boston" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <div class="sphx-glr-thumbcontainer" tooltip="Demonstrate how model complexity influences both prediction accuracy and computational performa..."><div class="figure align-default" id="id1"> <img alt="Model Complexity Influence" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_plot_model_complexity_influence_thumb.png" /> <p class="caption"><span class="caption-text"><a class="reference internal" href="../../auto_examples/applications/plot_model_complexity_influence.html#sphx-glr-auto-examples-applications-plot-model-complexity-influence-py"><span class="std std-ref">Model Complexity Influence</span></a></span><a class="headerlink" href="#id1" title="Permalink to this image">¶</a></p> </div> </div><div class="sphx-glr-thumbcontainer" tooltip="In this example, we give an overview of the sklearn.compose.TransformedTargetRegressor. 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