Though employment outside of regular daytime business hours has remained high since the 1990s, tr... more Though employment outside of regular daytime business hours has remained high since the 1990s, trends in nonstandard employment schedules over the life course and across households remain under-examined. The consequences of nonstandard scheduling extend to workers, their spouse, and children, urging greater attention to the distribution of nonstandard schedules at the couple-level. Using all three waves of the National Survey of Families and Households, this article examines the prevalence, persistence and sociodemographic patterns of rotating and night employment at the couple-level, following 913 married couples in the United States as they aged from the late 1980s to early 2000s. Though aging reduced the likelihood that couples had one or both spouses working nonstandard hours, roughly one-third of couples with nonstandard scheduling continued to experience nonstandard schedules during the subsequent observation period. Nonstandard schedules were stratified by education and race/ethnicity. This stratification persisted as couples aged, even after controlling for prior work schedules. Findings suggest that disadvantaged couples remain disproportionately exposed to schedules associated with negative outcomes for family well-being across the life course.
The perceptions of service providers involved in case management services are described here. The... more The perceptions of service providers involved in case management services are described here. The service providers included claims managers, occupational nurse consultants, attending physicians, and nurse case managers. The purposes of this phase of the study were to describe these providers' perceptions about the case management program; to organize findings according to the quality assessment model that guided this study (including structure, function, and outcomes); and to identify barriers and facilitators to satisfaction with case management services. Structural factors that affected services included the workers' compensation system, construction of the service team, roles within the program, and individual attributes of service providers. Process factors were conflicts among parties, role of communication, and interaction with workers. Outcomes were described in terms of program efficiency and effectiveness. Data are used to illustrate and explain each of these themes.
Explaining persistent inequalities in the division of household labor amid secular change in wome... more Explaining persistent inequalities in the division of household labor amid secular change in women's employment patterns and in sex-role attitudes remains a challenge for sociologists and economists. The predominant conceptual solutions draw from a unifying paradigm of genderneutral exchange, and furthermore align with economic or quasi-economic images of purposive action. This article analyzes three models from this class of explanations—the human capital theory of household time allocation, the resource-bargaining perspective on marital power, and the economic dependency model—using data from a nationally representative sample of U.S. households. The results fail to support any of the three variations on the theme of gender neutrality in the principles governing the division of household labor. Instead, the pattern of negative findings provokes consideration of how husbands' and wives' housework behavior might serve as a vehicle of symbolic display. Evidence is present...
The Panel Study of Income Dynamics: A User's Guide
Contemporary Sociology, 1992
Introduction Study Design Field Procedures Data Preparation Data Quality Content Data Files Data ... more Introduction Study Design Field Procedures Data Preparation Data Quality Content Data Files Data Analysis Getting Started
Promises I Can Keep: Why Poor Women Put Motherhood Before Marriage
Contemporary Sociology: A Journal of Reviews, 2009
essentially UMC evangelicals who have been mobilizing against the liberals in the Church leadersh... more essentially UMC evangelicals who have been mobilizing against the liberals in the Church leadership on many social issues. As is well known, the mainline leadership is more liberal than the membership, and evangelical leadership is more conservative than the membership. How is it that the leadership in the mainline can be forced to the right by its members? Tipton touches upon ecclesiology as the answer, but he does not sufficiently develop the insight. The most interesting part of the book is what I think is his implicit answer: conservatives from outside of the mainline facilitate the activism of the conservatives within it in order to achieve secular political goals. For example, Chapter Five examines the Institute for Religion and Democracy (IRD), an independent activist group dedicated to fighting the liberal tendencies within mainline political activism, particularly in foreign affairs. The chapter shows how nonor marginal mainliners associated with the neo-conservatives in the Reagan administration such as Elliot Abrams, Michael Novak and Jeane Kirkpatrick worked to de-legitimate mainline activism both within and outside of the church. With 89 percent of the funding at one point coming from foundations on the political far right, such as the Scaife Family Charitable trusts (p. 175), and with connections to secular conservative institutions such as the American Enterprise Institute, the conclusion is clear—the liberal advocacy of the elites was being suppressed by secular conservatives, not by a dissenting group within the mainline. Chapter Six shows how the IRD evolved from a primary concern with foreign affairs advocacy of the mainline to fighting against the liberal leadership on culture wars issues like abortion and homosexuality. Chapter Eight is a case study of the rise and fall of a mainline dominated interfaith coalition named “Interfaith Impact for Justice and Peace.” This group died due to its inability to master another tension in the mainline, between the church as focused on “broad social teaching and focused policy research” or “mass mobilization and political organizing.” (p. 283) Chapter Nine is a case study of the advocacy of the National Council of Churches and Chapter Ten of the creation of mainline-oriented parachurch advocacy groups like the Interfaith Alliance. Unfortunately, this book lost an opportunity to provide deeper insights into the mainline’s political influence because it focuses on the trees with little view of the forest. There are extensive discussions of particular trees—profiles of directors of agencies from decades ago, details of who said what to whom, and page-long block quotes from interviews. The reader must dig through all the detail to find the unifying themes in the analysis. I learned a lot from the book, but primarily because I could put Tipton’s detailed data into my existing theoretical narrative about the mainline. For those lacking such a narrative, Tipton does not clearly provide one. But, for any scholar hoping to make an argument about the mainline’s advocacy, they must read this book, because its data will show you that certain hypotheses are just dead wrong, and others should be pursued further.
Economic Dependency, Gender, and the Division of Labor at Home
American Journal of Sociology, 1994
Economic Dependency and wives lessthan their counterparts in 1965 (Robinson 1988). But the distr... more Economic Dependency and wives lessthan their counterparts in 1965 (Robinson 1988). But the distribution of household responsibilities remains more unequal than many anticipated following the entry of married women into the labor force and the increase in egalitarian attitudes. ...
Dividing the Domestic: Men, Women, and Household Work in Cross-national Perspective. Edited by Judith Treas and Sonja Drobnic. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 2010. Pp. xv+261. $50.00
Though employment outside of regular daytime business hours has remained high since the 1990s, tr... more Though employment outside of regular daytime business hours has remained high since the 1990s, trends in nonstandard employment schedules over the life course and across households remain underexamined. The consequences of nonstandard scheduling extend to workers, their spouse, and children, urging greater attention to the distribution of nonstandard schedules at the couple-level. Using all three waves of the National Survey of Families and Households, this article examines the prevalence, persistence and sociodemographic patterns of rotating and night employment at the couple-level, following 913 married couples in the United States as they aged from the late 1980s to early 2000s. Though aging reduced the likelihood that couples had one or both spouses working nonstandard hours, roughly one-third of couples with nonstandard scheduling continued to experience nonstandard schedules during the subsequent observation period. Nonstandard schedules were stratified by education and race/ ethnicity. This stratification persisted as couples aged, even after controlling for prior work schedules. Findings suggest that disadvantaged couples remain disproportionately exposed to schedules associated with negative outcomes for family wellbeing across the life course. RESUMEN Aunque el empleo fuera del horario regular de los días de oficina ha permanecido alto desde la década de los 90, las tendencias de empleos con horarios de trabajo irregulares, durante del ciclo de vida y a través de los hogares, continúan siendo muy poco analizadas. Las consecuencias de los horarios irregulares se extienden a los trabajadores, cónyuges e hijos, demandando mayor atención a la distribución de estos horarios a nivel de pareja. Utilizando las tres encuestas del Censo Nacional de Familias y Hogares (National Survey of Families and Households), este artículo examina la prevalencia, persistencia y patrones sociodemográficos de la rotación y empleo nocturno de 913 matrimonios en los Estados Unidos, desde finales de la década de los 80 hasta el inicio de los años 2000. Aunque la probabilidad de trabajar con horarios irregulares se reduce con los años, aproximadamente un tercio de las parejas continuaban con ARTICLE HISTORY
Changes in the nature of marriage have spurred a debate about the consequences of shifts to more ... more Changes in the nature of marriage have spurred a debate about the consequences of shifts to more egalitarian relationships, and media interest in the debate has crystallized around claims that men who participate in housework get more sex. However, little systematic or representative research supports the claim that women, in essence, exchange sex for men’s participation in housework. Although research and theory support the expectation that egalitarian marriages are higher quality, other studies underscore the ongoing importance of traditional gender behavior and gender display in marriage. Using data from Wave II of the National Survey of Families and Households, this study investigates the links between men’s participation in core (traditionally female) and non-core (traditionally male) household tasks and sexual frequency. Results show that both husbands and wives in couples with more traditional housework arrangements report higher sexual frequency, suggesting the importance of...
This is the second in a series of six articles describing a comprehensive and in depth evaluation... more This is the second in a series of six articles describing a comprehensive and in depth evaluation of a case management program initiated by the Washington State Department of Labor and Industries in September 1993. The purpose of the program was to provide the coordination of health and medical services for workers who sustained injuries categorized as either catastrophic (i.e., spinal cord injury with paralysis , amputated limbs) or medically complex (i.e., secondary conditions that complicate recovery, chronic pain syndrome). The conceptual framework that guided the activities of this study is based on a quality assessment model. Quality assessment approaches are used to obtain information about the structures, processes, and outcomes that characterize a program. This information leads to recommendations related to appropriate action that can be taken to safeguard and enhance the efficie
In the United States, a new narrative is emerg-ing to describe contemporary marriage. Chal-lengin... more In the United States, a new narrative is emerg-ing to describe contemporary marriage. Chal-lenging the notion of marriage as an institu-tion ensnared in a stalled gender revolution, this new perspective asserts that today’s mar-riages are more egalitarian, flexible, and fair than those of the past (Sullivan 2006; Sulli-van and Coltrane 2008). The theme of con-vergence between wives ’ and husbands ’ roles has taken center stage at high-profile confer-ences on the family, such as those of the Council on Contemporary Families, in policy pieces on marriage and feminism (Gornick
The Ties That Bind: Principles of Cohesion in Cohabitation and Marriage
American Sociological Review, 1999
A vast literature addresses the correlates of marital stability, but little is known about what u... more A vast literature addresses the correlates of marital stability, but little is known about what unites cohabiting partners over time. Although a special-ized division of labor might increase the benefits of marriage and strengthen ties between husband and wife, transactional considerations ...
Familiar exploitation: A new analysis of marriage in contemporary western societies
This important new book creates new terms for thinking about gender and generational relationship... more This important new book creates new terms for thinking about gender and generational relationships. In so doing it recasts conventional understandings of the family as an institution for organizing labour and consumption. ... Delphy and Leonard present their wide ...
Case management for injured workers. A descriptive study using a record review
AAOHN journal : official journal of the American Association of Occupational Health Nurses, 1999
A record review was used to examine case management services provided to 36 workers who sustained... more A record review was used to examine case management services provided to 36 workers who sustained a catastrophic or medically complex injury, and who were referred to a case management program. The aims of this phase of the evaluation were to identify and describe: Workers' demographics and personal attributes, The structures and processes that affected the course of these cases, and The role of the nurse case manager (NCM). A data collection instrument was developed to collect quantitative and qualitative information. Structural factors that emerged as most consequential included the quality and quantity of the injured worker's social support and the employment situation, including the availability of a job post-injury, employer support, and worker motivation. Process variables identified included the interactions of service providers including communication, and collaboration. The NCM was described as a monitor, coordinator, supporter, and advocate for the worker. Addition...
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