Java笔记-使用RabbitMQ的Java接口实现Publish/Subscribe(订阅模式)

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq78442761/article/details/94168743

本文详细介绍了RabbitMQ中扇形发布订阅模式的实现原理与代码实例，包括生产者、消费者的配置，以及如何通过交换机实现消息的广播。通过具体代码示例，展示了如何设置队列、绑定交换机、消费消息等关键步骤。

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基本概念

代码与实例

基本概念

模型如上；

1. 一个生产者，多个消费者；

2. 每个消费者都有自己的队列；

3. 生产者没有直接把消息发送到队列，而是发送到交换机，通过交换机转发到队列；

4. 每个队列都要绑定到交换机上；

5. 生产者发送的消息经过交换机到达队列就能实现一个消息被多个消费者消费；

这里要注意：

1. 在RabbitMQ中交换机没有存储能力，只有队列里面有；

代码与实例

程序运行截图如下：

生产者：

两个消费者：

RabbitMQ相关：

关键源码如下：

RecvX.java

package ps;

import com.rabbitmq.client.*;
import util.ConnectionUtils;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class Recv1 {

    private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "test_queue_fanout_sms";
    private static final String EXCHAGE_NAME = "test_exchange_fanout";
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {

        Connection connection = ConnectionUtils.getConnect();
        final Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        //声明队列
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
        //绑定到交换机
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHAGE_NAME, "");
        channel.basicQos(1);

        Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel){

            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {

                String msg = new String(body, "utf-8");
                System.out.println("[1] Recv msg : " + msg);

                try {

                    Thread.sleep(1000);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {

                    e.printStackTrace();
                } finally {

                    System.out.println("[1] done");
                    channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(), false);
                }
            }
        };

        boolean autoAck = false;
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, autoAck, consumer);
    }
}

Send.java

package ps;


import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import util.ConnectionUtils;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class Send {

    private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "test_exchange_fanout";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {

        Connection connection = ConnectionUtils.getConnect();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        //声明交换机
        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "fanout");   //并分配

        String msg = "Hello ps";
        channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, "", null, msg.getBytes());

        System.out.println("Send : " + msg);

        channel.close();
        connection.close();
    }
}

ConnectionUtils.java

package util;


import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class ConnectionUtils {

    public static Connection getConnect() throws IOException, TimeoutException {

        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("127.0.0.1");
        factory.setPort(5672);
        factory.setVirtualHost("/vhost_cff");
        factory.setUsername("cff");
        factory.setPassword("123");

        return factory.newConnection();
    }
}

源码下载地址：

https://github.com/fengfanchen/Java/tree/master/PubAndSubRabbitMQ