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Medium is a hosted publishing platform.

WordPress is an open source blog publishing and content management system, based on PHP and MySQL.

WPBakery is a WordPress-based web page builder.

Java is a general-purpose language originally developed by Sun Microsystems.

JavaScript is a lightweight, object-oriented, cross-platform scripting language.

PHP is a scripting language for creating websites.

JavaScript is a lightweight, object-oriented, cross-platform scripting language, often used within web pages.

jQuery is a JavaScript library that simplifies HTML document traversing, event handling, animating and Ajax interaction. Originally developed by John Resig.

Bootstrap is an open source HTML, CSS, and JavaScript framework.

Underscore is a JavaScript library that provides functional programming support.

Moment.js is a library to manipulate dates in JavaScript.

Handlebars is a JavaScript template engine largely compatible with Mustache.

Prototype is a JavaScript framework originally developed by Sam Stephenson.

Highcharts is a library for creating interactive charts.

Semantic UI is a theme-able user interface framework.

Sizzle is a JavaScript CSS selector engine.

Ember.js is an open source JavaScript templating library.

Script.aculo.us is a JavaScript library based on the Prototype JavaScript framework, originally developed by Thomas Fuchs.

Cloudflare Server is a web server developed by Cloudflare.

Nginx (pronounced as "engine X") is a lightweight open source web server developed by Igor Sysoev.

Node.js is a server-side JavaScript environment for writing network programs such as web servers, originally developed by Ryan Dahl.

Envoy Proxy is a proxy server designed for large service-oriented architectures.

The Apache HTTP Server is an open source web server by the Apache Software Foundation.

Google develops a range of web servers for their web infrastructure.

Debian is a Linux distribution.

Zoho provides web hosting and a range of other web services.

Medium is a hosted publishing platform.

Google provides various services to run on its servers.

Amazon is a US-based e-commerce and cloud computing provider.

Zoho provides a range of web services.

Google provides various services to run on its servers.

Cloudflare provides a content delivery network.

Cloudflare provides DNS servers and other web services.

Google provides various services to run on its servers.

Microsoft is a multinational technology company headquartered in USA, also offering email services.

Gmail is the email service provided by Google.

GlobalSign is an IT security service provider, also operating as SSL certificate authority.

Let’s Encrypt is a free, automated, and open certificate authority provided by the Internet Security Research Group.

Sectigo (formerly Comodo CA) is a US-based SSL certificate authority.

Google Analytics is a free service to get detailed statistics about the visitors of a website, provided by Google. This includes the Ads conversion tracking and the Floodlight services.

The Google Advertising network consists of AdSense, DoubleClick and other services.

The Google Tag Manager is a Google service to support webmasters to manage tags on their websites.

Zstandard is a lossless data compression algorithm developed by Yann Collet at Facebook.

External Cascading Style Sheets define style rules in a separate CSS file.

Embedded Cascading Style Sheets define a set of style rules in a <style> element within a web page.

Inline Cascading Style Sheets define style rules directly within an (X)HTML element using the style attribute.

Session cookies are temporary cookies, which are deleted when the user closes the browser.

Persistent cookies with an expiration time between 1 and 10 years.

HttpOnly cookies are used only in the HTTP protocol and not in client side scripts, which may increase security.

Non-HttpOnly cookies are used in the HTTP protocol and also in client side scripts, which may be a security threat.

Secure cookies are used only via an encrypted connections, which may increase security.

Non-secure cookies may be used via an unencrypted connections, which may be a security threat.

Gzip (GNU zip) is a file compression algorithm.

A weak ETag is an HTTP header field for validation of cached web pages, that indicates a semantically equivalent page in the cache.

The Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) provides amongst others a vastly larger address space than the preceding version 4. We consider a website to support IPv6 if a 128-bit address is assigned to it, regardless of the content delivered at that address.

HTTP/2 is the second major version of the HTTP network protocol.

HTTP/3 is the third major version of the HTTP network protocol, derived from the QUIC protocol.

HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS) defines a mechanism enabling web sites to declare themselves accessible only via secure connections.

The websites redirects visitors to its www subdomain, e.g. from example.com to www.example.com.

The websites redirects visitors to use SSL encryption, e.g. from http://example.com/ to https://example.com/.

A strong ETag is an HTTP header field for validation of cached web pages, that indicates a byte-for-byte identical page in the cache.

The websites redirects visitors to its www subdomain, e.g. from example.com to www.example.com.

The Open Graph protocol, originally developed by Facebook, is an RDFa-based format that enables any web page to become a rich object in a social graph.

Twitter/X Cards enable automatic attachment of photos, videos and media elements to tweets.

JSON-LD (JavaScript Object Notation for Linked Data) is a method of encoding Linked Data using JSON.

Generic RDFa (Resource Description Framework in attributes) is RDFa without further specialization.

HTML5 is the fifth revision of the HTML standard.

Transitional version of HTML.

UTF-8 (8-bit Unicode Transformation Format) is a variable-length character encoding for Unicode, which is backwards compatible with ASCII.

PNG (Portable Network Graphics) is a lossless compression image format, suitable to store graphics with uniformly colored areas, and originally introduced as a free, open-source successor of GIF.

JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) is a lossy compression method suitable to store photographic images.

Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) is an XML-based vector image format.

WebP is an image format that provides lossless and lossy compression, developed by Google.

Commercial entities