mfc 读取excel

### 如何使用 MFC 读取 Excel 文件 为了实现MFC应用中对Excel文件的读取，主要依赖于OLE Automation技术来操作Excel对象模型。这涉及到初始化COM库、创建Excel应用程序实例、打开工作簿以及遍历工作表中的数据。 #### 初始化 COM 库和支持类 在`CTestExcelApp::InitInstance()`函数内调用`AfxOleInit()`完成COM环境初始化[^3]： ```cpp if (!AfxOleInit()) { AfxMessageBox(_T("初始化Ole出错！")); return FALSE; } ``` #### 添加必要的头文件 确保项目的预编译头文件`stdafx.h`包含了以下内容以便访问Excel自动化接口： ```cpp #include <afxdisp.h> // OLE automation classes #include "excel.h" ``` #### 实现读取逻辑 下面是一个简单的例子展示如何在一个按钮事件处理程序里加载指定路径下的Excel文档并打印首张工作表的第一列值至控制台窗口[^4]： ```cpp void CTestExcelDlg::OnBnClickedButtonRead() { COleVariant covOptional((long)DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND, VT_ERROR); _Application excelApp; // Excel Application object. Workbooks workBooks; // Workbooks collection. Workbook workbook; // Single Workbook object. Worksheet worksheet; // First Worksheet within the active workbook. try { if (excelApp.CreateDispatch(_T("Excel.Application"))) { // Make it visible or not as you wish excelApp.SetVisible VARIANT_FALSE; // Open an existing workbook by specifying its full path name CString strPath = _T("C:\\example.xlsx"); workBooks.Open(strPath, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional); // Get first sheet from opened book worksheets.GetItem(COleVariant(1)).QueryInterface(worksheet); Range range; Variant variantResult; // Read column A values row-by-row until empty cell found int rowIndex = 1; do { range.get_Cell(rowIndex++, 1).get_Value(variantResult); if (variantResult.vt != VT_EMPTY && variantResult.bstrVal != NULL) TRACE(_T("%s\n"), variantResult.bstrVal); // Print to debug output } while (!(variantResult.vt == VT_EMPTY || variantResult.bstrVal == NULL)); // Clean up and close everything properly worksheet.ReleaseDispatch(); workbook.Close(covOptional, covOptional, covOptional); excelApp.Quit(); excelApp.ReleaseDispatch(); } } catch (_com_error &e){ AfxMessageBox(e.Description()); } } ``` 此代码片段展示了基本流程：启动Excel进程、打开特定的工作簿、获取第一个工作表的数据区域，并逐行读取第一列的内容直到遇到空白单元格为止。最后记得释放所有分配的对象资源以防止内存泄漏。