1. TSR:Transformer-based sequential recommendation

时间: 2025-04-06 14:11:59 浏览: 33
### 基于 Transformer 的序列推荐系统 (TSR) 实现与概述 基于 Transformer 的序列推荐系统(Transformer-based Sequential Recommendation System, TSR)是一种利用自注意力机制来捕捉用户行为序列中长期依赖关系的方法。这种方法通过建模用户的动态兴趣,能够更有效地预测用户可能感兴趣的商品或服务。 #### 1. Transformer 架构的核心概念 Transformer 是一种由 Vaswani 等人在论文《Attention is All You Need》中提出的神经网络架构[^3]。它主要依靠自注意力机制(Self-Attention Mechanism),能够在处理长序列数据时捕获全局上下文信息。相比于传统的 RNN 或 LSTM 模型,Transformer 不仅能并行化训练过程,还能更好地学习远距离依赖关系。 在推荐系统的背景下,Transformer 被用来分析用户的历史交互记录,从而推断其未来的偏好。具体来说: - **输入表示**:用户的行为历史被编码为一系列嵌入向量 \( \{e_1, e_2, ..., e_n\} \),其中每个向量代表一项商品或者一次互动。 - **位置编码**:为了保留时间顺序信息,通常会加入绝对或相对的位置编码 \( PE_{pos} \)[^4]。 - **自注意力层**:该层允许模型关注整个序列中的重要部分,而不仅仅是最近的几个项目。 以下是 Transformer 推荐模型的一个简化版本实现示例: ```python import torch.nn as nn class TransformerLayer(nn.Module): def __init__(self, d_model=512, nhead=8, num_layers=6): super(TransformerLayer, self).__init__() encoder_layer = nn.TransformerEncoderLayer(d_model=d_model, nhead=nhead) self.transformer_encoder = nn.TransformerEncoder(encoder_layer, num_layers=num_layers) def forward(self, src): output = self.transformer_encoder(src.permute(1, 0, 2)) return output[-1] class SequenceRecommendationModel(nn.Module): def __init__(self, vocab_size, embedding_dim=512, nhead=8, num_layers=6): super(SequenceRecommendationModel, self).__init__() self.embedding = nn.Embedding(vocab_size, embedding_dim) self.positional_encoding = PositionalEncoding(embedding_dim) self.transformer = TransformerLayer(d_model=embedding_dim, nhead=nhead, num_layers=num_layers) self.fc_out = nn.Linear(embedding_dim, vocab_size) def forward(self, input_seq): embedded = self.embedding(input_seq) encoded_input = self.positional_encoding(embedded) transformer_output = self.transformer(encoded_input) prediction_scores = self.fc_out(transformer_output) return prediction_scores ``` 上述代码定义了一个简单的基于 Transformer 的推荐模型框架,其中包括嵌入层、位置编码以及最终的全连接输出层用于生成评分矩阵。 #### 2. 多行为推荐中的应用 对于多行为场景下的推荐问题,可以扩展基础的 Transformer 结构以适应不同的行为类型。例如,在给定多种行为模式的情况下,可以通过引入额外的行为特征维度或将每种行为视为独立子任务的方式增强表达能力[^1]。此外,还可以借鉴图卷积网络的思想构建隐含的关系结构[^2],进一步提升性能表现。 #### 3. 总结 综上所述,基于 Transformer 的序列推荐技术凭借强大的上下文理解能力和灵活的设计空间成为当前研究热点之一。然而值得注意的是,实际部署过程中还需要考虑计算资源消耗等因素的影响。 ---
阅读全文

相关推荐

wandb: Currently logged in as: 470749941. Use wandb login --relogin to force relogin wandb: Tracking run with wandb version 0.15.5 wandb: Run data is saved locally in /home/zhangmengjie/PID/Python/ERL-Re2-main/wandb/run-20230721_165552-b5nwvm2m wandb: Run wandb offline to turn off syncing. wandb: Syncing run Steps_200_theta_0.5_eval_1_rs_prob_0.05_frac_p_0.7_our_M_1_0.2_1_5_1.0_64_noise_0.2_Pavn_detach_False_1.0_actorloss_MI_sa_s_0.0_random_K_1_Ant-v2_0.005 wandb: ⭐️ View project at https://wandb.ai/470749941/TSR wandb: 🚀 View run at https://wandb.ai/470749941/TSR/runs/b5nwvm2m /home/zhangmengjie/anaconda3/envs/torch1/lib/python3.7/site-packages/gym/envs/registration.py:556: UserWarning: WARN: The environment Ant-v2 is out of date. You should consider upgrading to version v4. f"The environment {id} is out of date. You should consider " Error compiling Cython file: ------------------------------------------------------------ ... See c_warning_callback, which is the C wrapper to the user defined function ''' global py_warning_callback global mju_user_warning py_warning_callback = warn mju_user_warning = c_warning_callback ^ ------------------------------------------------------------ /home/zhangmengjie/anaconda3/envs/torch1/lib/python3.7/site-packages/mujoco_py/cymj.pyx:92:23: Cannot assign type 'void (const char *) except * nogil' to 'void (*)(const char *) noexcept nogil' Error compiling Cython file: ------------------------------------------------------------ ... See c_warning_callback, which is the C wrapper to the user defined function ''' global py_error_callback global mju_user_error py_error_callback = err_callback mju_user_error = c_error_callback ^ ------------------------------------------------------------ /home/zhangmengjie/anaconda3/envs/torch1/lib/python3.7/site-packages/mujoco_py/cymj.pyx:127:21: Cannot assign type 'void (const char *) except * nogil' to 'void (*)(const char *) noexcept nogil' Compiling /home/zhangmengjie/anaconda3/envs/torch1/lib/python3.7/site-packages/mujoco_py/cymj.pyx because it changed. [1/1] Cythonizing /home/zhangmengjie/anaconda3/envs/torch1/lib/python3.7/site-packages/mujoco_py/cymj.pyx wandb: Waiting for W&B process to finish... (failed 1). Press Control-C to abort syncing. wandb: Network error (TransientError), entering retry loop. wandb: Network error (TransientError), entering retry loop.

wandb: Currently logged in as: 470749941. Use wandb login --relogin to force relogin wandb: - Waiting for wandb.init()... wandb: \ Waiting for wandb.init()... wandb: Tracking run with wandb version 0.15.5 wandb: Run data is saved locally in /home/zhangmengjie/PID/Python/ERL-Re2-main/wandb/run-20230721_165849-rrlut7sk wandb: Run wandb offline to turn off syncing. wandb: Syncing run Steps_200_theta_0.5_eval_1_rs_prob_0.05_frac_p_0.7_our_M_1_0.2_10_5_1.0_64_noise_0.2_Pavn_detach_False_1.0_actorloss_MI_sa_s_0.0_random_K_1_Ant-v4_0.005 wandb: ⭐️ View project at https://wandb.ai/470749941/TSR wandb: 🚀 View run at https://wandb.ai/470749941/TSR/runs/rrlut7sk Error compiling Cython file: ------------------------------------------------------------ ... See c_warning_callback, which is the C wrapper to the user defined function ''' global py_warning_callback global mju_user_warning py_warning_callback = warn mju_user_warning = c_warning_callback ^ ------------------------------------------------------------ /home/zhangmengjie/anaconda3/envs/torch1/lib/python3.7/site-packages/mujoco_py/cymj.pyx:92:23: Cannot assign type 'void (const char *) except * nogil' to 'void (*)(const char *) noexcept nogil' Error compiling Cython file: ------------------------------------------------------------ ... See c_warning_callback, which is the C wrapper to the user defined function ''' global py_error_callback global mju_user_error py_error_callback = err_callback mju_user_error = c_error_callback ^ ------------------------------------------------------------ /home/zhangmengjie/anaconda3/envs/torch1/lib/python3.7/site-packages/mujoco_py/cymj.pyx:127:21: Cannot assign type 'void (const char *) except * nogil' to 'void (*)(const char *) noexcept nogil' Compiling /home/zhangmengjie/anaconda3/envs/torch1/lib/python3.7/site-packages/mujoco_py/cymj.pyx because it changed. [1/1] Cythonizing /home/zhangmengjie/anaconda3/envs/torch1/lib/python3.7/site-packages/mujoco_py/cymj.pyx wandb: Waiting for W&B process to finish... (failed 1). Press Control-C to abort syncing. wandb: Network error (TransientError), entering retry loop. wandb: - 0.000 MB of 0.003 MB uploaded (0.000 MB deduped) wandb: \ 0.000 MB of 0.011 MB uploaded (0.000 MB deduped) wandb: Network error (TransientError), entering retry loop. wandb: | 0.000 MB of 0.011 MB uploaded (0.000 MB deduped) wandb: / 0.000 MB of 0.011 MB uploaded (0.000 MB deduped) wandb: - 0.000 MB of 0.011 MB uploaded (0.000 MB deduped) wandb: \ 0.000 MB of 0.011 MB uploaded (0.000 MB deduped