python横向滑块验证

### Python 实现横向滑块验证码解决方案 为了处理横向滑块验证码，通常需要解决两个主要问题：一是识别图片中的缺口位置；二是模拟人类行为来完成拖拽动作。下面是一个基于 `Playwright` 和图像处理库 `Pillow` 的简单示例。 #### 图片缺口检测算法 通过对比背景图和有遮挡物的验证图片之间的差异可以找到缺口的具体坐标： ```python from PIL import Image, ImageChops def get_gap(image1, image2): """获取缺口偏移量""" left = 60 # 设置初始左边界 for i in range(60, image1.size[0]): for j in range(image1.size[1]): rgb_im_1 = image1.convert('RGB') rgb_im_2 = image2.convert('RGB') pixel1 = rgb_im_1.getpixel((i, j)) pixel2 = rgb_im_2.getpixel((i, j)) threshold = 60 if (abs(pixel1[0] - pixel2[0]) >= threshold and abs(pixel1[1] - pixel2[1]) >= threshold and abs(pixel1[2] - pixel2[2]) >= threshold): left = i return left return left ``` 此函数接收两张相同大小的图片作为参数并返回它们之间不同之处最左边像素点的位置[^2]。 #### 使用 Playwright 控制浏览器执行自动化操作 安装依赖包之后，在脚本里初始化浏览器实例，并访问目标网站加载含有滑块验证码的页面: ```python import asyncio from playwright.async_api import async_playwright async def main(): async with async_playwright() as p: browser = await p.chromium.launch(headless=False) page = await browser.new_page() # 打开网页 await page.goto('https://example.com/login') # 获取验证码元素截图保存到本地文件 slider_element = await page.query_selector('.slider-element-classname') background_image_url = '...' # 此处应填写实际获取方式得到的url await slider_element.screenshot(path='slider.png') response = await page.request.fetch(background_image_url) open('background.jpg', mode='wb').write(await response.body()) await main() ``` 这段异步代码片段展示了如何利用 Playwright 库打开指定 URL 并截取特定 DOM 节点的内容以便后续分析。 #### 计算轨迹与移动滑块 根据计算出来的距离生成拟真的鼠标路径数据集，最后调用 JavaScript 方法控制页面上的滑块按照预定路线运动直至匹配成功为止。 ```python import random import time def get_track(distance): track = [] current = 0 mid = distance * 4 / 5 t = 0.2 v = 0 while current < distance: if current < mid: a = 2 else: a = -3 v0 = v v = v0 + a*t move = v0*t + 1/2*a*t*t current += move track.append(round(move)) lack = sum(track) - distance if lack != 0: track[-1] -= lack noise = lambda : round(random.uniform(-1, 1)) # 添加随机扰动使动作更自然 noisy_track = list(map(lambda x:x+noise(),track)) return noisy_track async def drag_slider(page, track): box = await page.query_selector(".geetest_slider_button") bounding_box = await box.bounding_box() start_x = bounding_box['x'] + bounding_box['width']/2 start_y = bounding_box['y'] + bounding_box['height']/2 await page.mouse.move(start_x, start_y) await page.mouse.down() cumulative_offset = 0 for offset in track: cumulative_offset += offset target_x = start_x + cumulative_offset await page.mouse.move(target_x, start_y) await page.mouse.up() ``` 上述逻辑实现了平滑过渡效果的同时也考虑到了速度变化等因素的影响以提高成功率。