电影院购票系统uml图

### 电影院购票系统 UML 图设计 #### 类图 (Class Diagram) 类图展示了系统的静态结构，包括类及其之间的关系。对于电影院购票系统而言，以下是几个核心类： - **User 用户** - `userId`: int - `username`: String - `passwordHash`: String - `email`: String - **Movie 电影** - `movieId`: int - `title`: String - `director`: String - `releaseDate`: Date - `durationMinutes`: int - **Cinema 影院** - `cinemaId`: int - `name`: String - `address`: String - `city`: String - **Showtime 场次** - `showTimeId`: int - `startTime`: DateTime - `endTime`: DateTime - `price`: double - **Ticket 票** - `ticketId`: int - `seatNumber`: String - `status`: TicketStatus {Available, Booked} 这些类之间存在关联关系，例如`User`可以购买多个`Ticket`；每个`Ticket`属于某个特定的`Showtime`；而`Showtime`则由具体的`Movie`和`Cinema`组成。 ```plantuml @startuml class User { +int userId +String username +String passwordHash +String email } class Movie { +int movieId +String title +String director +Date releaseDate +int durationMinutes } class Cinema { +int cinemaId +String name +String address +String city } class Showtime { +int showTimeId +DateTime startTime +DateTime endTime +double price } class Ticket { +int ticketId +String seatNumber +enum status : Available | Booked } User "1" -- "*" Ticket : purchases Ticket "1" -- "1" Showtime : belongsTo Showtime "1" -- "1" Movie : shows Showtime "1" -- "1" Cinema : locatedAt @enduml ``` 此部分描述了电影院购票系统中的基本对象模型[^1]。 #### 序列图 (Sequence Diagram) 序列图用于展示不同参与者如何交互以完成某项功能。这里举例说明用户查询并预订电影票的过程： ```plantuml @startuml actor Customer as cust participant WebApp participant Database cust -> WebApp: Search Movies WebApp -> Database: Query available movies and showtimes Database --> WebApp: Return results list WebApp --> cust: Display search result page with options to select seats alt If user selects a specific time slot cust -> WebApp: Choose Seat(s) WebApp -> Database: Check availability of selected seats Database --> WebApp: Confirm or deny selection based on current booking state else No action taken by customer yet end opt Successful reservation attempt WebApp -> Database: Reserve chosen tickets Database --> WebApp: Acknowledge successful transaction WebApp --> cust: Redirect to confirmation screen showing purchased items details end @enduml ``` 上述过程体现了从顾客发起请求到最终确认订单的一系列操作步骤[^3]。 #### 用例图 (Use Case Diagram) 用例图描绘了系统的主要行为以及外部角色与其互动的方式。针对本案例，主要涉及的角色有管理员、普通会员和其他访客。下图为简化版的用例图表示法： ```plantuml @startuml left to right direction actor Admin actor Member actor Guest usecase ManageMoviesAndShows as UC1 <<extend>> usecase PurchaseTicketsOnline as UC2 usecase ViewMovieDetails as UC3 usecase BrowseUpcomingReleases as UC4 usecase ContactSupportViaChatBot as UC5 Admin .> UC1 : manages Member .> UC2 : buys Guest .> UC3 : views all -down-> UC4 : browses all -down-> UC5 : contacts support @enduml ``` 该图表概括了不同类型用户的活动范围和服务接口。 ---