ubuntu安装opencv4.8

### 安装 OpenCV 4.8 on Ubuntu #### 准备环境 为了确保顺利安装 OpenCV 4.8，在开始之前需确认已正确配置开发环境。这包括但不限于更新现有软件包列表以及安装必要的依赖项。 ```bash sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade -y ``` #### 安装依赖库 安装构建OpenCV所需的各类工具和库文件： ```bash sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake git pkg-config libgtk-3-dev \ libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev python3-dev python3-numpy \ libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libdc1394-22-dev \ ffmpeg libv4l-dev v4l-utils qv4l2 v4l2ucp libopenblas-dev libatlas-base-dev \ liblapacke-dev checkinstall yasm ninja-build libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-dev \ gstreamer1.0-tools gstreamer1.0-x gstreamer1.0-libav gstreamer1.0-gl gstreamer1.0-gtk3 \ gstreamer1.0-qt5 gstreamer1.0-pulseaudio libxine2-dev libwebp-dev libopenexr-dev \ libgdal-dev libgoogle-perftools-dev libtesseract-dev liblept5 tesseract-ocr \ wget unzip curl wget ffmpeg ``` #### 获取源码并解压 下载指定版本的OpenCV及其贡献模块，这里选择的是4.8.x稳定版[^1]。 ```bash cd ~ mkdir opencv_build && cd opencv_build # Download the specific version of OpenCV and its contrib modules. OPENCV_VERSION="4.8.0" wget -O opencv.zip https://github.com/opencv/opencv/archive/${OPENCV_VERSION}.zip wget -O opencv_contrib.zip https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/archive/${OPENCV_VERSION}.zip unzip opencv.zip unzip opencv_contrib.zip mv opencv-${OPENCV_VERSION} opencv mv opencv_contrib-${OPENCV_VERSION} opencv_contrib rm opencv.zip opencv_contrib.zip ``` #### 编译与安装 创建临时目录用于编译，并设置CMake参数来指明额外的功能支持路径。 ```bash cd ~/opencv_build/opencv mkdir build && cd build cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \ -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local \ -D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON \ -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=~/opencv_build/opencv_contrib/modules \ -D BUILD_EXAMPLES=ON .. make -j$(nproc) sudo make install sudo ldconfig ``` 完成上述操作后，即成功完成了OpenCV 4.8在Ubuntu上的部署工作。可以通过Python脚本验证安装情况: ```python import cv2 print(cv2.__version__) ``` 如果输出显示为`4.8.*`则表示安装无误。