accept-ranges: bytes access-control-allow-credentials: true access-control-allow-methods: GET,POST,PUT,DELETE,OPTIONS access-control-allow-origin: https://console.his.huawei.com access-control-expose-headers: x-login-url, x-csrf-token access-control-max-age: 1800 connection: keep-alive content-disposition: attachment; filename="riskWarningProcessData20250523112951.xlsx" content-length: 51267 content-type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet date: Fri, 23 May 2025 03:29:51 GMT keep-alive: timeout=60 x-alb-server: ALB x-server-process-time: 0.731 x-upstream-process-time: 0.73 响应标头如上。 载荷如下： {"warningName":"","rectificationOwner":"","discovererId":"","discoverToolCode":[],"orderList":[],"vulnSourceType":[],"warningSlaStatus":[],"warningPriority":[],"warningStatus":[],"hwItVdIds":[],"cautionCount":[],"confirmSlaStatus":[],"discoverOrganizationCode":[],"warningDateStart":"2024-05-23","warningDateEnd":"2025-05-23","dimensionSetCode":"ALL","dimensionTreeCode":"EAMAP","dimensionCode":"com.huawei.devops.ione","dimensionLevel":"5","dimensionType":"0","dimensionDepth":"5","delegateTenantIds":"11111111111111111111111111111111,88888888888888888888888888888888","delegateTenantNames":"华为技术有限公司,HIS平台运营商","warningIds":[]} 怎么构建请求参数

根据你提供的响应标头和载荷信息，我们可以看到这是一个文件下载请求。构建请求参数的关键在于解析URL中的查询字符串和JSON格式的`RiskWarningQueryVO`字段。 以下是详细的解决方案： --- ### 构建请求参数 #### 1. 解析URL中的查询字符串 从URL中可以看到以下查询参数： - `dlType=RiskWarningDetailExport` - `file=riskWarningProcessData` - `RiskWarningQueryVO=...` 其中，`RiskWarningQueryVO`是一个JSON字符串，需要正确编码为URL格式。 #### 2. 构建JSON格式的`RiskWarningQueryVO` 根据提供的载荷信息，可以将其转换为Python字典，并通过`json.dumps()`方法将其序列化为JSON字符串。 #### 3. 编码JSON字符串为URL格式 由于`RiskWarningQueryVO`是URL的一部分，需要使用`urllib.parse.quote()`对其进行编码。 --- ### 示例代码 ```python import requests import json from urllib.parse import quote # 构建RiskWarningQueryVO risk_warning_query_vo = { "warningName": "", "rectificationOwner": "", "discovererId": "", "discoverToolCode": [], "orderList": [], "vulnSourceType": [], "warningSlaStatus": [], "warningPriority": [], "warningStatus": [], "hwItVdIds": [], "cautionCount": [], "confirmSlaStatus": [], "discoverOrganizationCode": [], "warningDateStart": "2024-05-23", "warningDateEnd": "2025-05-23", "dimensionSetCode": "ALL", "dimensionTreeCode": "EAMAP", "dimensionCode": "com.huawei.devops.ione", "dimensionLevel": "5", "dimensionType": "0", "dimensionDepth": "5", "delegateTenantIds": "11111111111111111111111111111111,88888888888888888888888888888888", "delegateTenantNames": "华为技术有限公司,HIS平台运营商", "warningIds": [] } # 将RiskWarningQueryVO序列化为JSON字符串并进行URL编码 risk_warning_query_vo_json = json.dumps(risk_warning_query_vo, ensure_ascii=False) risk_warning_query_vo_encoded = quote(risk_warning_query_vo_json) # 构建完整的URL base_url = "https://console.his.huawei.com/asa/gateway/S00000000000000000000000000000605:VULWorkbenchService/vuln-workbench/servlet/download" params = { "dlType": "RiskWarningDetailExport", "file": "riskWarningProcessData", "RiskWarningQueryVO": risk_warning_query_vo_encoded } # 拼接URL url = f"{base_url}?dlType={params['dlType']}&file={params['file']}&RiskWarningQueryVO={params['RiskWarningQueryVO']}" # 打印生成的URL print("生成的URL:", url) # 发送请求（示例） headers = { "Accept": "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet", "Referer": "https://console.his.huawei.com/asc/", "Cookie": "_frid=your_cookie_value_here" # 替换为实际的Cookie值 } response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, stream=True) # 检查响应状态码 if response.status_code == 200: # 保存文件 with open("downloaded_file.xlsx", "wb") as f: for chunk in response.iter_content(chunk_size=1024): if chunk: f.write(chunk) print("文件下载成功！") else: print(f"请求失败，状态码：{response.status_code}") ``` --- ### 解释 1. **构建`RiskWarningQueryVO`**： - 使用Python字典表示JSON对象。 - 使用`json.dumps()`将字典序列化为JSON字符串。 - 使用`urllib.parse.quote()`对JSON字符串进行URL编码，确保特殊字符（如`"`、`:`等）被正确转义。 2. **拼接URL**： - 将查询参数拼接到基础URL上，形成完整的请求URL。 3. **发送请求**： - 使用`requests.get()`发送GET请求，并设置`stream=True`以支持流式下载。 - 使用`response.iter_content()`逐块写入文件，避免内存占用过高。 4. **处理响应**： - 如果响应状态码为200，表示请求成功，保存文件到本地。 - 否则，打印错误状态码以便调试。 --- ###