编制一个有 GUI 界面的 Python 成绩记录簿,每个学生信息包括:学号,姓名,Python 成绩。具体功能如下: (1)输入学生信息并保存到文件中 (2)读取文件并显示输出所有学生的成绩; (3)按学号或姓名查询成绩; (4)添加成绩记录; (5)修改指定姓名或学号的学生的成绩并可存盘; (6)显示输出 60 分以下,60-79,80-89,90 分以上各分数段的学生信息. 分组要求：2 ~ 2人 （学生提交作品时需要关联同组成员，组内成员作品共享） 基于项目实施：否（学生必须在本平台创建项目，项目管理员可以提交作品）

好的，我可以帮你回答这个问题。这是一个编写 Python 成绩记录簿的问题，需要实现 GUI 界面和以下功能： 1. 输入学生信息并保存到文件中 2. 读取文件并显示输出所有学生的成绩 3. 按学号或姓名查询成绩 4. 添加成绩记录 5. 修改指定姓名或学号的学生的成绩并可存盘 6. 显示输出 60 分以下，60-79，80-89，90 分以上各分数段的学生信息。 对于这个问题，可以使用 Python 的 tkinter 模块来实现 GUI 界面，使用文件读写操作来保存和读取学生信息，使用列表和字典来存储学生信息和成绩记录，并根据输入的查询条件来查找和修改学生信息和成绩记录。以下是可能的解决方案： ```python import tkinter as tk import tkinter.messagebox as messagebox import os class StudentRecord: def __init__(self, id, name, score): self.id = id self.name = name self.score = score class StudentRecordBook: def __init__(self): self.records = [] def add_record(self, record): self.records.append(record) def remove_record(self, id): for record in self.records: if record.id == id: self.records.remove(record) return True return False def update_record(self, id, name, score): for record in self.records: if record.id == id: record.name = name record.score = score return True return False def find_record_by_id(self, id): for record in self.records: if record.id == id: return record return None def find_record_by_name(self, name): for record in self.records: if record.name == name: return record return None def filter_records_by_score(self, score_range): filtered_records = [] for record in self.records: if score_range == 'below60' and record.score < 60: filtered_records.append(record) elif score_range == '60to79' and record.score >= 60 and record.score <= 79: filtered_records.append(record) elif score_range == '80to89' and record.score >= 80 and record.score <= 89: filtered_records.append(record) elif score_range == 'above90' and record.score >= 90: filtered_records.append(record) return filtered_records def load_from_file(self, filename): self.records = [] if os.path.exists(filename): with open(filename, 'r') as f: lines = f.readlines() for line in lines: fields = line.strip().split(',') id = fields[0] name = fields[1] score = int(fields[2]) record = StudentRecord(id, name, score) self.add_record(record) def save_to_file(self, filename): with open(filename, 'w') as f: for record in self.records: f.write('{},{},{}\n'.format(record.id, record.name, record.score)) class GUI: def __init__(self, master): self.master = master self.master.title('Python 成绩记录簿') self.master.geometry('600x400') self.book = StudentRecordBook() self.book.load_from_file('students.txt') self.id_label = tk.Label(self.master, text='学号：') self.id_label.grid(row=0, column=0) self.id_entry = tk.Entry(self.master) self.id_entry.grid(row=0, column=1) self.name_label = tk.Label(self.master, text='姓名：') self.name_label.grid(row=1, column=0) self.name_entry = tk.Entry(self.master) self.name_entry.grid(row=1, column=1) self.score_label = tk.Label(self.master, text='成绩：') self.score_label.grid(row=2, column=0) self.score_entry = tk.Entry(self.master) self.score_entry.grid(row=2, column=1) self.add_button = tk.Button(self.master, text='添加', command=self.add_record) self.add_button.grid(row=3, column=0) self.remove_button = tk.Button(self.master, text='删除', command=self.remove_record) self.remove_button.grid(row=3, column=1) self.update_button = tk.Button(self.master, text='修改', command=self.update_record) self.update_button.grid(row=3, column=2) self.search_button = tk.Button(self.master, text='查询', command=self.search_record) self.search_button.grid(row=4, column=0) self.filter_button = tk.Button(self.master, text='筛选', command=self.filter_records) self.filter_button.grid(row=4, column=1) self.listbox = tk.Listbox(self.master) self.listbox.grid(row=5, column=0, columnspan=3) self.load_records() def load_records(self): self.listbox.delete(0, tk.END) for record in self.book.records: self.listbox.insert(tk.END, '{}\t{}\t{}'.format(record.id, record.name, record.score)) def add_record(self): id = self.id_entry.get() name = self.name_entry.get() score = int(self.score_entry.get()) record = StudentRecord(id, name, score) self.book.add_record(record) self.book.save_to_file('students.txt') self.load_records() def remove_record(self): id = self.id_entry.get() if self.book.remove_record(id): self.book.save_to_file('students.txt') self.load_records() else: messagebox.showerror('错误', '没有找到学号为 {} 的学生记录'.format(id)) def update_record(self): id = self.id_entry.get() name = self.name_entry.get() score = int(self.score_entry.get()) if self.book.update_record(id, name, score): self.book.save_to_file('students.txt') self.load_records() else: messagebox.showerror('错误', '没有找到学号为 {} 的学生记录'.format(id)) def search_record(self): id = self.id_entry.get() name = self.name_entry.get() if id: record = self.book.find_record_by_id(id) if record: self.name_entry.delete(0, tk.END) self.name_entry.insert(0, record.name) self.score_entry.delete(0, tk.END) self.score_entry.insert(0, record.score) else: messagebox.showerror('错误', '没有找到学号为 {} 的学生记录'.format(id)) elif name: record = self.book.find_record_by_name(name) if record: self.id_entry.delete(0, tk.END) self.id_entry.insert(0, record.id) self.score_entry.delete(0, tk.END) self.score_entry.insert(0, record.score) else: messagebox.showerror('错误', '没有找到姓名为 {} 的学生记录'.format(name)) else: messagebox.showerror('错误', '请输入学号或姓名') def filter_records(self): below60 = self.book.filter_records_by_score('below60') between60and79 = self.book.filter_records_by_score('60to79') between80and89 = self.book.filter_records_by_score('80to89') above90 = self.book.filter_records_by_score('above90') messagebox.showinfo('60 分以下', ', '.join([record.name for record in below60])) messagebox.showinfo('60-79 分', ', '.join([record.name for record in between60and79])) messagebox.showinfo('80-89 分', ', '.join([record.name for record in between80and89])) messagebox.showinfo('90 分以上', ', '.join([record.name for record in above90])) if __name__ == '__main__': root = tk.Tk() gui = GUI(root) root.mainloop() ``` 在这个解决方案中，我们定义了一个 StudentRecord 类来表示学生记录，包括学号、姓名和成绩，以及一个 StudentRecordBook 类来表示学生记录簿，包括添加、删除、修改、查询和筛选学生记录的方法，以及从文件中加载和保存学生记录的方法。我们还定义了一个 GUI 类来实现 tkinter 界面，包括输入学生信息、添加、删除、修改、查询和筛选学生记录的按钮，以及显示学生记录的 Listbox 组件。在程序运行时，我们首先从文件中加载学生记录，然后根据用户的操作来更新学生记录簿和界面。