python随机点名UI程序代码

### Python Tkinter 随机点名 GUI 程序示例 #### 1. 导入所需库 为了创建一个简单的随机点名程序，首先需要导入 `tkinter` 和 `random` 库。 ```python import tkinter as tk from random import choice ``` #### 2. 创建主窗口 定义主应用程序类并初始化主窗口设置。 ```python class RandomNamePickerApp: def __init__(self, root): root.title("随机点名器") # 设置窗口标题 frame = tk.Frame(root) frame.pack(padx=10, pady=10) label = tk.Label(frame, text="点击按钮随机抽取学生", font=("Arial", 14)) label.grid(row=0, columnspan=2, pady=(0, 10)) self.name_label = tk.Label(frame, text="", width=20, height=3, bg='white', relief=tk.SUNKEN, font=("Arial", 18)) self.name_label.grid(row=1, columnspan=2, padx=5, pady=5) pick_button = tk.Button(frame, text="随机抽选", command=self.pick_random_name, width=15, height=2, font=("Arial", 12), fg='blue') pick_button.grid(row=2, column=0, sticky=tk.W+tk.E, pady=(10, 0)) reset_button = tk.Button(frame, text="重置名单", command=self.reset_names, width=15, height=2, font=("Arial", 12), fg='red') reset_button.grid(row=2, column=1, sticky=tk.W+tk.E, pady=(10, 0)) names_input_label = tk.Label(frame, text="输入名字(每行一个): ", font=("Arial", 12)) names_input_label.grid(row=3, column=0, sticky=tk.W, pady=(10, 0)) self.names_textbox = tk.Text(frame, wrap=tk.WORD, width=30, height=7, font=("Arial", 12)) self.names_textbox.grid(row=4, columnspan=2, padx=5, pady=5) save_button = tk.Button(frame, text="保存名单", command=self.save_names, width=15, height=2, font=("Arial", 12), fg='green') save_button.grid(row=5, columnspan=2, pady=(10, 0)) load_button = tk.Button(frame, text="加载名单", command=self.load_names, width=15, height=2, font=("Arial", 12), fg='purple') load_button.grid(row=6, columnspan=2, pady=(10, 0)) quit_button = tk.Button(frame, text="退出", command=root.quit, width=15, height=2, font=("Arial", 12), fg='black') quit_button.grid(row=7, columnspan=2, pady=(10, 0)) self.names_list = [] def pick_random_name(self): if not self.names_list: self.name_label.config(text="无可用的名字") return selected_name = choice(self.names_list) self.name_label.config(text=f"{selected_name}") def reset_names(self): self.names_list.clear() self.name_label.config(text="") def save_names(self): input_names = self.names_textbox.get('1.0', 'end').strip().split('\n') filtered_names = list(filter(None, (name.strip() for name in input_names))) self.names_list.extend(filtered_names) self.names_textbox.delete('1.0', 'end') # 清空文本框 def load_names(self): with open('names.txt', mode='r', encoding='utf-8') as file: lines = file.readlines() loaded_names = [line.strip() for line in lines] self.names_list.extend(loaded_names) if __name__ == "__main__": app_window = tk.Tk() app = RandomNamePickerApp(app_window) app_window.mainloop() ``` 这段代码展示了如何构建一个基本的Tkinter应用来实现随机点名的功能[^1]。通过使用 `.after()` 方法可以进一步优化用户体验，确保界面响应迅速而不被长时间的操作所阻塞[^2]。此外，还可以扩展此程序以支持更多的文件格式或更复杂的逻辑处理[^3]。