<template> <div :class="['page-layout', wrapClass, isDark && 'theme-dark']"> <div :class="['page-layout--placeholer', breadMenuHidden && 'no-nav']"></div> <TopHeader class="page-layout__header" /> <SideBar :menus class="page-layout__side" /> <div :class="['page-layout__main', { 'no-nav': breadMenuHidden }]"> <div v-if="!breadMenuHidden" class="page-layout__main-nav" > <BreadMenu /> </div> <div class="page-layout__main-view" :class="{ 'is-mobile': appStore.$state.isMobile }" > <div v-if="pageTitle.visible" class="page-layout__main-view-title common-page-title" > <span> {{ pageTitle.label }}</span> <a-button v-if="route?.meta?.backBtn" type="primary" @click="handleBack" >{{ btnLabel }}</a-button > </div> <RouterView v-slot="{ Component }"> <KeepAlive :include="cacheViews"> <component :is="Component" :key="routeKey" /> </KeepAlive> </RouterView> </div> <!-- TODO: 底部有固定定位元素<MainFixedBar />时占位用 勿删！ --> <div class="page-bar__fixed-placeholer"></div> </div> </div> </template> <script setup lang="ts"> import { computed, onMounted, ref, h, watchEffect, watch, nextTick } from "vue" import { useAppStore, useMsgStore, useUserStore, useSysConfigStore } from "@/stores" import TopHeader from "./components/TopHeader.vue" import SideBar from "./components/side-bar/index.vue" import BreadMenu from "./components/BreadMenu.vue" import { onBeforeRouteLeave, useRoute, useRouter } from "vue-router" import { Button, Notification, type NotificationReturn } from "@arco-design/web-vue" import type { RecordModel as MessageData } from "@/api/message/api-type" import { IconRight } from "@arco-design/web-vue/es/icon" import { ORDER_TRANSFER } from "@/router/order" import { getSystemConfig } from "@/api/system/index.serv" import { to } from "await-to-js" defineOptions({ name: "Layout" }) const route = useRoute() const router = useRouter() const appStore = useAppStore() const userStore = useUserStore() const msgStore = useMsgStore() const sysConfigStore = useSysConfigStore() const orderMsgReturn = ref<NotificationReturn>() const breadMenuHidden = ref(false) const btnLabel = computed(() => { return window.opener ? "关闭" : route?.meta.backBtn?.label || "关闭" }) const cacheViews = computed(() => appStore.routeViewCache) const msgId = computed(() => msgStore.msgNoticeId) const pageTitle = computed(() => { const { navTitle, title, titleVisible } = route.meta ?? {} return { visible: title && titleVisible !== false, label: navTitle || title } }) const routeKey = computed(() => { const { name, query = {} } = route if (Object.keys(query).length) { return `${name as string}-${JSON.stringify(route.query)}` } return name as string }) const wrapClass = computed(() => { return appStore.menuStatus ? "menu-collapse" : "menu-expend" }) const isDark = computed(() => appStore.theme === "dark") const menus = computed(() => userStore.accessMenu ?? []) const menuMap = computed(() => userStore.accessMenuMap) const doOrderLoop = computed(() => { return [...menuMap.value.values()].some((list) => { const loopData = list?.meta?.doLoop if (!loopData) return false const { code, dependMenu } = loopData if (code === "order") { if (!dependMenu) return true return menuMap.value.has(dependMenu) } else { return false } }) }) watchEffect(() => { breadMenuHidden.value = route.meta?.breadMenuVisible === false }) const goToTransfer = (data: MessageData) => { router .push({ name: ORDER_TRANSFER.name }) .then((res) => { Notification.remove(msgId.value) }) } const showOrderMsg = (data: MessageData) => { return Notification.info({ icon: () => h("span", { class: ["iconfont icon-file"] }), title: "您有一个订单需要进行调度", content: data.msg_body, id: msgId.value, closable: true, duration: 0, class: "order-msg__tip", position: "bottomRight", footer: () => h( Button, { type: "text", onClick: () => goToTransfer(data) }, ["立即前往", h(IconRight)] ) }) } watch( [() => msgStore.msgTargetId, () => sysConfigStore.orderMessageConfig.orderNoticeSwitch as number], async ([id, orderNoticeSwitch]: [number | undefined, number]) => { await nextTick() if (id && msgStore.unreadMsgLatest && orderNoticeSwitch === 1) { const msgReturn = showOrderMsg(msgStore.unreadMsgLatest) orderMsgReturn.value ||= msgReturn } else { Notification.remove(msgId.value) } }, { immediate: true } ) const handleBack = () => { if (window.opener) { window.close() } else { const routeTo = route.meta?.backBtn?.routeTo if (routeTo) { router.replace({ name: routeTo }) } } } onMounted(async () => { msgStore.clearLoopTimer() const [err, res] = await to(getSystemConfig()) if (!err && res) { sysConfigStore.setUpdateConfig({ id: res.data.id, orderNoticeSwitch: res.data.orderNoticeSwitch }) doOrderLoop.value && msgStore.messageAndCountLoop() } }) onBeforeRouteLeave(() => { Notification.remove(msgId.value) msgStore.clearLoopTimer() }) </script> <style lang="scss" scoped> @import "../assets/styles/mixin.scss"; $--layout-transition-all: all 0.2s cubic-bezier(0.34, 0.69, 0.1, 1); $--layout-transition-margin: margin 0.2s cubic-bezier(0.34, 0.69, 0.1, 1); $--layout-transition-left: left 0.2s cubic-bezier(0.34, 0.69, 0.1, 1); .page-layout { height: 100%; display: flex; flex-direction: column; overflow: hidden; &--placeholer { flex: none; height: calc(var(--page-header-height) + var(--page-breadmenu-height)); transition: none; &.no-nav { height: var(--page-header-height); } } &__header { position: fixed; top: 0; left: 0; right: 0; z-index: var(--page-max-z-index); flex: none; padding: 0 16px; height: var(--page-header-height); border-bottom: var(--color-border-2) 1px solid; background-color: #fff; transition: $--layout-transition-all; } &__side { position: fixed; z-index: var(--page-max-z-index); left: 0; top: var(--page-header-height); bottom: 0; display: flex; flex-direction: column; :deep(.arco-menu-inner) { flex: 1; margin-bottom: var(--menu-collapse-width); } :deep(.arco-menu-collapse-button) { position: absolute; } & + .page-layout__main { margin-left: var(--menu-expand-width); .page-layout__main-nav { left: var(--menu-expand-width); } } &.arco-menu-collapsed + .page-layout__main { margin-left: var(--menu-collapse-width); .page-layout__main-nav { left: var(--menu-collapse-width); } } } &__main { padding: var(--page-padding-gutter); padding-top: 0; transition: $--layout-transition-margin; height: 100%; display: flex; flex-direction: column; overflow-y: auto; @include scrollbar(8px, transparent, var(--color-fill-4)); &.no-nav { padding-top: var(--page-padding-gutter); } &-nav { flex: none; display: flex; align-items: center; background: var(--page-back-color); position: fixed; z-index: var(--page-max-z-index); top: var(--page-header-height); left: 0; right: 0; height: var(--page-breadmenu-height); padding: 0 var(--page-padding-gutter); transition: $--layout-transition-left; } &-content { position: relative; height: 100%; display: flex; flex-direction: column; padding: var(--page-padding-gutter); padding-top: --page-breadmenu-height; background: #f9f9f9; flex: 1; // margin-left: var(--menu-expand-width); // transition: margin-left 0.28s; // transition: all 0.2s cubic-bezier(0.34, 0.69, 0.1, 1); &.no-nav { padding-top: var(--page-padding-gutter); } } &-view { flex: 1; display: flex; flex-direction: column; background: #fff; border-radius: 4px; padding: var(--page-padding-gutter); // > :last-child:not(.common-page-title) { // flex: 1; // display: flex; // flex-direction: column; // } &-title { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; } } } &.theme-dark { .page-layout__header, .page-layout__side { background: var(--color-text-2); } } } </style> <style lang="scss"> .order-msg__tip { .arco-notification-title { font-weight: 600; } .arco-notification-left { padding-right: 5px; .arco-notification-icon { font-size: 16px; color: var(--color-text-2); } } .arco-notification-content { margin-top: 6px; } } </style>

<think>我们正在讨论Vue3布局组件的实现，包含顶部导航栏(TopHeader)、侧边栏(SideBar)和面包屑导航菜单(BreadMenu)。根据引用内容，我们可以参考一些现有的Vue组件和最佳实践。布局组件通常使用多个子组件组合而成。我们可以这样设计：1.主布局组件（Layout.vue）:负责整体布局结构，通常包含顶部导航栏、侧边栏和主要内容区域（包含面包屑和路由视图）。2.顶部导航栏（TopHeader.vue）:包含网站标志、用户信息等。3.侧边栏（SideBar.vue）:包含导航菜单，可能使用递归组件处理多级菜单。4.面包屑导航（BreadMenu.vue）:根据当前路由生成面包屑路径。另外，我们需要注意以下几点：-使用Vue3的CompositionAPI。-使用VueRouter进行路由管理，面包屑需要依赖路由信息。-考虑响应式设计，在小屏幕设备上侧边栏可能需要折叠。下面我们逐步实现：步骤1:创建主布局组件Layout.vue这个组件将各个部分组合在一起，使用flex或grid布局。步骤2:创建顶部导航栏组件TopHeader.vue包含一个折叠侧边栏的按钮（用于移动端）和用户信息等。步骤3:创建侧边栏组件SideBar.vue使用菜单组件，可以结合vue-router的导航项。步骤4:创建面包屑组件BreadMenu.vue根据当前路由生成面包屑导航。我们可以利用路由的matched属性。注意：在引用[3]中提到，Vue3中可能会遇到将一个组件实例变为响应式对象的警告。为了避免这种情况，我们在使用动态组件或者需要传递组件本身（而不是响应式数据）时，应该使用`markRaw`或`shallowRef`。例如，在侧边栏菜单中，如果我们使用图标组件，并且图标是从一个对象中动态导入的，那么我们应该避免整个图标对象变成响应式。解决方案：使用`markRaw`标记这些图标组件。下面是一个简单的代码示例：首先，主布局组件Layout.vue：```vue<template><divclass="layout-container"><TopHeader@toggle-sidebar="toggleSidebar"/><divclass="main-container"><SideBar:collapse="isCollapse"/><divclass="content-container"><BreadMenu/><router-view/></div></div></div></template><scriptsetup>import{ref}from'vue'importTopHeaderfrom'./TopHeader.vue'importSideBarfrom'./SideBar.vue'importBreadMenufrom'./BreadMenu.vue'constisCollapse=ref(false)consttoggleSidebar=()=>{isCollapse.value=!isCollapse.value}</script><stylescoped>.layout-container{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;}.main-container{display:flex;flex:1;overflow:hidden;}.content-container{flex:1;padding:20px;overflow-y:auto;}</style>```然后，面包屑组件BreadMenu.vue的实现：利用路由的matched属性，我们可以得到当前路由的层次结构，然后生成面包屑。```vue<template><divclass="breadcrumb"><el-breadcrumbseparator="/"><el-breadcrumb-itemv-for="(item,index)inbreadList":key="index":to="{path:item.path}">{{item.meta.title}}</el-breadcrumb-item></el-breadcrumb></div></template><scriptsetup>import{ref,watch}from'vue'import{useRoute}from'vue-router'constroute=useRoute()constbreadList=ref([])constupdateBreadcrumb=()=>{breadList.value=route.matched.filter(item=>item.meta&&item.meta.title)}watch(route,updateBreadcrumb,{immediate:true})</script>```注意：这里我们假设每个路由记录都有一个meta对象，其中包含title属性。如果没有，需要调整。侧边栏组件SideBar.vue的实现：我们可以使用递归组件来处理多级菜单。同时，为了避免图标组件被响应式代理，我们使用markRaw。```vue<template><divclass="sidebar":class="{collapse:collapse}"><el-menu:default-active="activeMenu":collapse="collapse"routerunique-opened><MenuItemv-for="iteminmenuList":key="item.path":item="item"/></el-menu></div></template><scriptsetup>import{ref,computed}from'vue'import{useRoute}from'vue-router'import{markRaw}from'vue'importMenuItemfrom'./MenuItem.vue'//假设我们有一个菜单列表，从路由中过滤出有meta且meta有menu属性的路由import{routes}from'@/router'constprops=defineProps({collapse:Boolean})constroute=useRoute()constactiveMenu=computed(()=>route.path)//递归过滤出需要展示的菜单项constfilterMenuRoutes=(routes)=>{returnroutes.filter(route=>{if(route.meta&&route.meta.menu){if(route.children){route.children=filterMenuRoutes(route.children)}//如果菜单项有图标，我们需要将其标记为markRaw，避免响应式代理if(route.meta.icon){//假设我们已经全局注册了图标，或者从@element-plus/icons-vue导入//这里我们使用动态获取图标组件，注意：为了避免警告，使用markRawconsticonComp=ELIcons[route.meta.icon]if(iconComp){route.meta.iconComponent=markRaw(iconComp)}}returntrue}returnfalse})}constmenuList=ref(filterMenuRoutes(routes))</script>```然后，MenuItem.vue是一个递归组件：```vue<template><el-sub-menuv-if="item.children&&item.children.length":index="item.path"><template#title><el-iconv-if="item.meta.iconComponent"><component:is="item.meta.iconComponent"/></el-icon><span>{{item.meta.title}}</span></template><MenuItemv-for="childinitem.children":key="child.path":item="child"/></el-sub-menu><el-menu-itemv-else:index="item.path"><el-iconv-if="item.meta.iconComponent"><component:is="item.meta.iconComponent"/></el-icon><template#title>{{item.meta.title}}</template></el-menu-item></template><scriptsetup>defineProps({item:Object})</script>```顶部导航栏TopHeader.vue：```vue<template><divclass="top-header"><divclass="left"><el-button@click="$emit('toggle-sidebar')"><el-icon><Fold/></el-icon></el-button><!--其他内容，如Logo--></div><divclass="right"><!--用户信息等--></div></div></template><scriptsetup>import{Fold}from'@element-plus/icons-vue'</script>```注意事项：1.我们使用了ElementPlus的组件，需要安装并导入。2.图标处理：在引用[4]中提到了如何全局注册ElementPlus的图标，我们在main.js中已经全局注册，所以在组件中可以直接使用。3.侧边栏折叠状态通过props传递给SideBar组件。关于引用[3]中的警告：在SideBar组件中，我们使用markRaw处理了图标组件，这样可以避免将整个组件对象变成响应式，从而避免性能问题。优化点：-菜单数据可以存储在Vuex或Pinia中，而不是每次从路由中过滤。-响应式设计：当屏幕尺寸变化时，可以自动切换侧边栏的折叠状态（使用媒体查询或监听窗口大小事件）。以上是一个基本的实现方案，可以根据实际需求调整。相关问题：1.如何动态更新面包屑导航？2.如何实现侧边栏菜单的权限控制？3.在Vue3中，如何优化布局组件的渲染性能？4.如何实现一个递归菜单组件？5.如何处理Vue3中的响应式警告（如将组件实例变为响应式对象）？</think>以下是关于 Vue 3 布局组件（包含顶部导航栏、侧边栏和面包屑菜单）的实现方案： ### 布局组件实现方案 #### 1. 文件结构 ```bash src/ ├── layouts/ │ └── MainLayout.vue ├── components/ │ ├── TopHeader.vue │ ├── SideBar.vue │ └── BreadMenu.vue ``` #### 2. 主布局组件 (MainLayout.vue) ```vue <template> <div class="layout-container"> <TopHeader @toggle-sidebar="isCollapsed = !isCollapsed" /> <div class="main-content"> <SideBar :collapse="isCollapsed" /> <div class="content-wrapper"> <BreadMenu /> <div class="content"> <router-view /> </div> </div> </div> </div> </template> <script setup> import { ref } from 'vue' import TopHeader from '@/components/TopHeader.vue' import SideBar from '@/components/SideBar.vue' import BreadMenu from '@/components/BreadMenu.vue' const isCollapsed = ref(false) </script> <style scoped> .layout-container { display: flex; flex-direction: column; height: 100vh; } .main-content { display: flex; flex: 1; overflow: hidden; } .content-wrapper { flex: 1; display: flex; flex-direction: column; overflow: auto; } .content { padding: 20px; flex: 1; } </style> ``` #### 3. 顶部导航组件 (TopHeader.vue) ```vue <template> <header class="top-header"> <div class="left-section"> <el-icon @click="$emit('toggle-sidebar')"> <Fold v-if="!collapsed" /> <Expand v-else /> </el-icon> <div class="logo">系统名称</div> </div> <div class="right-section"> <el-breadcrumb separator="/"> <el-breadcrumb-item :to="{ path: '/' }">首页</el-breadcrumb-item> </el-breadcrumb> <div class="user-actions"> <el-dropdown> <span class="user-info"> <el-avatar size="small" /> <span>用户名</span> </span> <template #dropdown> <el-dropdown-menu> <el-dropdown-item>个人中心</el-dropdown-item> <el-dropdown-item>退出登录</el-dropdown-item> </el-dropdown-menu> </template> </el-dropdown> </div> </div> </header> </template> <script setup> import { Fold, Expand } from '@element-plus/icons-vue' defineProps({ collapsed: Boolean }) </script> <style scoped> .top-header { height: 60px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; padding: 0 20px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee; background: #fff; } .left-section, .right-section { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 15px; } .logo { font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; } .user-info { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px; cursor: pointer; } </style> ``` #### 4. 侧边栏组件 (SideBar.vue) ```vue <template> <el-menu :collapse="collapse" :default-active="activeMenu" router unique-opened class="sidebar-menu" > <menu-item v-for="item in menuItems" :key="item.path" :item="item" /> </el-menu> </template> <script setup> import { ref, computed } from 'vue' import { useRoute } from 'vue-router' import MenuItem from './MenuItem.vue' const props = defineProps({ collapse: Boolean }) const route = useRoute() const activeMenu = computed(() => route.path) const menuItems = ref([ { path: '/dashboard', meta: { title: '仪表盘', icon: 'Odometer' } }, { path: '/posts', meta: { title: '文章管理', icon: 'Document' }, children: [ { path: '/posts/list', meta: { title: '文章列表' } }, { path: '/posts/new', meta: { title: '新建文章' } } ] }, { path: '/users', meta: { title: '用户管理', icon: 'User' }, children: [ { path: '/users/list', meta: { title: '用户列表' } }, { path: '/users/roles', meta: { title: '角色管理' } } ] } ]) </script> <style scoped> .sidebar-menu:not(.el-menu--collapse) { width: 220px; } </style> ``` #### 5. 菜单项组件 (MenuItem.vue) ```vue <template> <el-sub-menu v-if="item.children" :index="item.path"> <template #title> <el-icon v-if="item.meta.icon"> <component :is="item.meta.icon" /> </el-icon> <span>{{ item.meta.title }}</span> </template> <el-menu-item v-for="child in item.children" :key="child.path" :index="child.path" > {{ child.meta.title }} </el-menu-item> </el-sub-menu> <el-menu-item v-else :index="item.path"> <el-icon v-if="item.meta.icon"> <component :is="item.meta.icon" /> </el-icon> <template #title>{{ item.meta.title }}</template> </el-menu-item> </template> <script setup> defineProps({ item: Object }) </script> ``` #### 6. 面包屑组件 (BreadMenu.vue) ```vue <template> <div class="breadcrumb"> <el-breadcrumb separator="/"> <el-breadcrumb-item v-for="(item, index) in breadcrumbs" :key="item.path" :to="index < breadcrumbs.length - 1 ? item : null" > {{ item.meta.title }} </el-breadcrumb-item> </el-breadcrumb> </div> </template> <script setup> import { computed } from 'vue' import { useRoute } from 'vue-router' const route = useRoute() const breadcrumbs = computed(() => { return route.matched .filter(item => item.meta?.title) .map(item => ({ path: item.path, meta: { title: item.meta.title } })) }) </script> <style scoped> .breadcrumb { padding: 15px 20px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee; background: #fff; } </style> ``` ### 关键优化点 1. **响应式设计** - 使用 `flex` 布局确保自适应各种屏幕尺寸 - 侧边栏折叠功能节省小屏幕空间 - 使用媒体查询优化移动端显示 2. **性能优化** - 使用 `shallowRef` 处理菜单数据避免深层响应式[^3] - 路由懒加载内容区域 - 使用 `markRaw` 处理图标组件防止不必要的响应式代理[^3] 3. **路由集成** - 动态面包屑基于当前路由生成 - 菜单项自动激活当前路由 - 使用路由元信息(meta)存储菜单配置 4. **图标处理** - 按需导入 Element Plus 图标[^4] - 动态组件渲染图标 ### 最佳实践建议 1. **状态管理** ```js // 使用 Pinia 管理布局状态 import { defineStore } from 'pinia' export const useLayoutStore = defineStore('layout', { state: () => ({ sidebarCollapsed: false, showBreadcrumb: true }) }) ``` 2. **主题定制** ```scss // 在 variables.scss 中覆盖 Element Plus 变量 $--color-primary: #1890ff; $--sidebar-width: 220px; ``` 3. **权限控制** ```js // 在路由守卫中过滤菜单 router.beforeEach((to) => { if (to.meta.requiresAdmin && !user.isAdmin) { return '/unauthorized' } }) ``` ### 相关问题 1. 如何在 Vue 3 中实现动态路由与菜单权限控制？ 2. 如何优化 Vue 3 布局组件的渲染性能？ 3. 在响应式布局中，如何处理移动端和桌面端的菜单显示差异？ 4. 如何实现面包屑导航的动态生成和自定义配置？ 5. Vue 3 中使用 Composition API 管理布局状态的最佳实践是什么？