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请分析在C++代码中,以下代码报错的原因:int int_(string in_str){ return atoi(in_str.c_str()); }

时间: 2024-04-27 13:22:36 浏览: 124
这段代码的函数名为 `int_`,这个名称可能会与关键字 `int` 发生冲突,因为 `int` 是 C++ 中的关键字,不能用作函数名或变量名。另外,还有一个问题是函数的返回值类型应该是 `int` 而不是 `void`,因为函数内部使用了 `return` 语句返回了一个 `int` 类型的值。此外,`atoi` 也有一定的局限性,如果字符串无法正确转换为整数,将返回 0,因此在实际使用时需要注意。
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#pragma warning(disable:4786) #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <map> using namespace std; typedef map<int, string, less<int> > INT2STRING; int main() { INT2STRING theMap; INT2STRING::iterator theIterator; string theString = ""; int index; theMap.insert(INT2STRING::value_type(0, "Zero")); theMap.insert(INT2STRING::value_type(1, "One")); theMap.insert(INT2STRING::value_type(2, "Two")); theMap.insert(INT2STRING::value_type(3, "Three")); theMap.insert(INT2STRING::value_type(4, "Four")); theMap.insert(INT2STRING::value_type(5, "Five")); theMap.insert(INT2STRING::value_type(6, "Six")); theMap.insert(INT2STRING::value_type(7, "Seven")); theMap.insert(INT2STRING::value_type(8, "Eight")); theMap.insert(INT2STRING::value_type(9, "Nine")); for (;;) { cout << "Enter "q" to quit, or enter a Number: "; cin >> theString; if(theString == "q") break; index = atoi(theString.c_str()); // 将输入的字符串转换成整数 theIterator = theMap.find(index); // 在映射中查找对应的值 if(theIterator != theMap.end()) cout << theIterator->second << endl; // 输出对应的英文单词 else cout << "Not a valid number." << endl; // 如果输入不合法则输出提示信息 } cout << endl; } return 0; }这个代码正确吗

这段代码是一个使用 C++ STL 中的 map 容器实现的简单数字转换程序,程序本身没有语法错误,但是在输入非数字字符时,程序会出现错误,因为 `atoi()` 函数会将非数字字符转换成 0,这会导致程序输出 map 容器中键值为 0 的字符串。因此,可以在程序中添加输入校验功能以避免这种情况的发生。

/* stdlib.h: ANSI draft (X3J11 May 88) library header, section 4.10 */ /* Copyright (C) Codemist Ltd., 1988-1993. */ /* Copyright 1991-1998,2014 ARM Limited. All rights reserved. */ /* * RCS $Revision$ * Checkin $Date$ * Revising $Author: agrant $ */ /* * stdlib.h declares four types, several general purpose functions, * and defines several macros. */ #ifndef __stdlib_h #define __stdlib_h #define __ARMCLIB_VERSION 5060034 #if defined(__clang__) || (defined(__ARMCC_VERSION) && !defined(__STRICT_ANSI__)) /* armclang and non-strict armcc allow 'long long' in system headers */ #define __LONGLONG long long #else /* strict armcc has '__int64' */ #define __LONGLONG __int64 #endif #define _ARMABI __declspec(__nothrow) #define _ARMABI_PURE __declspec(__nothrow) __attribute__((const)) #define _ARMABI_NORETURN __declspec(__nothrow) __declspec(__noreturn) #define _ARMABI_THROW #ifndef __STDLIB_DECLS #define __STDLIB_DECLS /* * Some of these declarations are new in C99. To access them in C++ * you can use -D__USE_C99_STDLIB (or -D__USE_C99ALL). */ #ifndef __USE_C99_STDLIB #if defined(__USE_C99_ALL) || (defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && 199901L <= __STDC_VERSION__) || (defined(__cplusplus) && 201103L <= __cplusplus) #define __USE_C99_STDLIB 1 #endif #endif #undef __CLIBNS #ifdef __cplusplus namespace std { #define __CLIBNS ::std:: extern "C" { #else #define __CLIBNS #endif /* __cplusplus */ #if defined(__cplusplus) || !defined(__STRICT_ANSI__) /* unconditional in C++ and non-strict C for consistency of debug info */ #if __sizeof_ptr == 8 typedef unsigned long size_t; /* see <stddef.h> */ #else typedef unsigned int size_t; /* see <stddef.h> */ #endif #elif !defined(__size_t) #define __size_t 1 #if __sizeof_ptr == 8 typedef unsigned long size_t; /* see <stddef.h> */ #else typedef unsigned int size_t; /* see <stddef.h> */ #endif #endif #undef NULL #define NULL 0 /* see <stddef.h> */ #ifndef __cplusplus /* wchar_t is a builtin type for C++ */ #if !defined(__STRICT_ANSI__) /* unconditional in non-strict C for consistency of debug info */ #if defined(__WCHAR32) || (defined(__ARM_SIZEOF_WCHAR_T) && __ARM_SIZEOF_WCHAR_T == 4) typedef unsigned int wchar_t; /* see <stddef.h> */ #else typedef unsigned short wchar_t; /* see <stddef.h> */ #endif #elif !defined(__wchar_t) #define __wchar_t 1 #if defined(__WCHAR32) || (defined(__ARM_SIZEOF_WCHAR_T) && __ARM_SIZEOF_WCHAR_T == 4) typedef unsigned int wchar_t; /* see <stddef.h> */ #else typedef unsigned short wchar_t; /* see <stddef.h> */ #endif #endif #endif typedef struct div_t { int quot, rem; } div_t; /* type of the value returned by the div function. */ typedef struct ldiv_t { long int quot, rem; } ldiv_t; /* type of the value returned by the ldiv function. */ #if !defined(__STRICT_ANSI__) || __USE_C99_STDLIB typedef struct lldiv_t { __LONGLONG quot, rem; } lldiv_t; /* type of the value returned by the lldiv function. */ #endif #ifdef __EXIT_FAILURE # define EXIT_FAILURE __EXIT_FAILURE /* * an integral expression which may be used as an argument to the exit * function to return unsuccessful termination status to the host * environment. */ #else # define EXIT_FAILURE 1 /* unixoid */ #endif #define EXIT_SUCCESS 0 /* * an integral expression which may be used as an argument to the exit * function to return successful termination status to the host * environment. */ /* * Defining __USE_ANSI_EXAMPLE_RAND at compile time switches to * the example implementation of rand() and srand() provided in * the ANSI C standard. This implementation is very poor, but is * provided for completeness. */ #ifdef __USE_ANSI_EXAMPLE_RAND #define srand _ANSI_srand #define rand _ANSI_rand #define RAND_MAX 0x7fff #else #define RAND_MAX 0x7fffffff #endif /* * RAND_MAX: an integral constant expression, the value of which * is the maximum value returned by the rand function. */ extern _ARMABI int __aeabi_MB_CUR_MAX(void); #define MB_CUR_MAX ( __aeabi_MB_CUR_MAX() ) /* * a positive integer expression whose value is the maximum number of bytes * in a multibyte character for the extended character set specified by the * current locale (category LC_CTYPE), and whose value is never greater * than MB_LEN_MAX. */ /* * If the compiler supports signalling nans as per N965 then it * will define __SUPPORT_SNAN__, in which case a user may define * _WANT_SNAN in order to obtain a compliant version of the strtod * family of functions. */ #if defined(__SUPPORT_SNAN__) && defined(_WANT_SNAN) #pragma import(__use_snan) #endif extern _ARMABI double atof(const char * /*nptr*/) __attribute__((__nonnull__(1))); /* * converts the initial part of the string pointed to by nptr to double * representation. * Returns: the converted value. */ extern _ARMABI int atoi(const char * /*nptr*/) __attribute__((__nonnull__(1))); /* * converts the initial part of the string pointed to by nptr to int * representation. * Returns: the converted value. */ extern _ARMABI long int atol(const char * /*nptr*/) __attribute__((__nonnull__(1))); /* * converts the initial part of the string pointed to by nptr to long int * representation. * Returns: the converted value. */ #if !defined(__STRICT_ANSI__) || __USE_C99_STDLIB extern _ARMABI __LONGLONG atoll(const char * /*nptr*/) __attribute__((__nonnull__(1))); /* * converts the initial part of the string pointed to by nptr to * long long int representation. * Returns: the converted value. */ #endif extern _ARMABI double strtod(const char * __restrict /*nptr*/, char ** __restrict /*endptr*/) __attribute__((__nonnull__(1))); /* * converts the initial part of the string pointed to by nptr to double * representation. First it decomposes the input string into three parts: * an initial, possibly empty, sequence of white-space characters (as * specified by the isspace function), a subject sequence resembling a * floating point constant; and a final string of one or more unrecognised * characters, including the terminating null character of the input string. * Then it attempts to convert the subject sequence to a floating point * number, and returns the result. A pointer to the final string is stored * in the object pointed to by endptr, provided that endptr is not a null * pointer. * Returns: the converted value if any. If no conversion could be performed, * zero is returned. If the correct value is outside the range of * representable values, plus or minus HUGE_VAL is returned * (according to the sign of the value), and the value of the macro * ERANGE is stored in errno. If the correct value would cause * underflow, zero is returned and the value of the macro ERANGE is * stored in errno. */ #if !defined(__STRICT_ANSI__) || __USE_C99_STDLIB extern _ARMABI float strtof(const char * __restrict /*nptr*/, char ** __restrict /*endptr*/) __attribute__((__nonnull__(1))); extern _ARMABI long double strtold(const char * __restrict /*nptr*/, char ** __restrict /*endptr*/) __attribute__((__nonnull__(1))); /* * same as strtod, but return float and long double respectively. */ #endif extern _ARMABI long int strtol(const char * __restrict /*nptr*/, char ** __restrict /*endptr*/, int /*base*/) __attribute__((__nonnull__(1))); /* * converts the initial part of the string pointed to by nptr to long int * representation. First it decomposes the input string into three parts: * an initial, possibly empty, sequence of white-space characters (as * specified by the isspace function), a subject sequence resembling an * integer represented in some radix determined by the value of base, and a * final string of one or more unrecognised characters, including the * terminating null character of the input string. Then it attempts to * convert the subject sequence to an integer, and returns the result. * If the value of base is 0, the expected form of the subject sequence is * that of an integer constant (described in ANSI Draft, section 3.1.3.2), * optionally preceded by a '+' or '-' sign, but not including an integer * suffix. If the value of base is between 2 and 36, the expected form of * the subject sequence is a sequence of letters and digits representing an * integer with the radix specified by base, optionally preceded by a plus * or minus sign, but not including an integer suffix. The letters from a * (or A) through z (or Z) are ascribed the values 10 to 35; only letters * whose ascribed values are less than that of the base are permitted. If * the value of base is 16, the characters 0x or 0X may optionally precede * the sequence of letters and digits following the sign if present. * A pointer to the final string is stored in the object * pointed to by endptr, provided that endptr is not a null pointer. * Returns: the converted value if any. If no conversion could be performed, * zero is returned and nptr is stored in *endptr. * If the correct value is outside the range of * representable values, LONG_MAX or LONG_MIN is returned * (according to the sign of the value), and the value of the * macro ERANGE is stored in errno. */ extern _ARMABI unsigned long int strtoul(const char * __restrict /*nptr*/, char ** __restrict /*endptr*/, int /*base*/) __attribute__((__nonnull__(1))); /* * converts the initial part of the string pointed to by nptr to unsigned * long int representation. First it decomposes the input string into three * parts: an initial, possibly empty, sequence of white-space characters (as * determined by the isspace function), a subject sequence resembling an * unsigned integer represented in some radix determined by the value of * base, and a final string of one or more unrecognised characters, * including the terminating null character of the input string. Then it * attempts to convert the subject sequence to an unsigned integer, and * returns the result. If the value of base is zero, the expected form of * the subject sequence is that of an integer constant (described in ANSI * Draft, section 3.1.3.2), optionally preceded by a '+' or '-' sign, but * not including an integer suffix. If the value of base is between 2 and * 36, the expected form of the subject sequence is a sequence of letters * and digits representing an integer with the radix specified by base, * optionally preceded by a '+' or '-' sign, but not including an integer * suffix. The letters from a (or A) through z (or Z) stand for the values * 10 to 35; only letters whose ascribed values are less than that of the * base are permitted. If the value of base is 16, the characters 0x or 0X * may optionally precede the sequence of letters and digits following the * sign, if present. A pointer to the final string is stored in the object * pointed to by endptr, provided that endptr is not a null pointer. * Returns: the converted value if any. If no conversion could be performed, * zero is returned and nptr is stored in *endptr. * If the correct value is outside the range of * representable values, ULONG_MAX is returned, and the value of * the macro ERANGE is stored in errno. */ /* C90 reserves all names beginning with 'str' */ extern _ARMABI __LONGLONG strtoll(const char * __restrict /*nptr*/, char ** __restrict /*endptr*/, int /*base*/) __attribute__((__nonnull__(1))); /* * as strtol but returns a long long int value. If the correct value is * outside the range of representable values, LLONG_MAX or LLONG_MIN is * returned (according to the sign of the value), and the value of the * macro ERANGE is stored in errno. */ extern _ARMABI unsigned __LONGLONG strtoull(const char * __restrict /*nptr*/, char ** __restrict /*endptr*/, int /*base*/) __attribute__((__nonnull__(1))); /* * as strtoul but returns an unsigned long long int value. If the correct * value is outside the range of representable values, ULLONG_MAX is returned, * and the value of the macro ERANGE is stored in errno. */ extern _ARMABI int rand(void); /* * Computes a sequence of pseudo-random integers in the range 0 to RAND_MAX. * Uses an additive generator (Mitchell & Moore) of the form: * Xn = (X[n-24] + X[n-55]) MOD 2^31 * This is described in section 3.2.2 of Knuth, vol 2. It's period is * in excess of 2^55 and its randomness properties, though unproven, are * conjectured to be good. Empirical testing since 1958 has shown no flaws. * Returns: a pseudo-random integer. */ extern _ARMABI void srand(unsigned int /*seed*/); /* * uses its argument as a seed for a new sequence of pseudo-random numbers * to be returned by subsequent calls to rand. If srand is then called with * the same seed value, the sequence of pseudo-random numbers is repeated. * If rand is called before any calls to srand have been made, the same * sequence is generated as when srand is first called with a seed value * of 1. */ struct _rand_state { int __x[57]; }; extern _ARMABI int _rand_r(struct _rand_state *); extern _ARMABI void _srand_r(struct _rand_state *, unsigned int); struct _ANSI_rand_state { int __x[1]; }; extern _ARMABI int _ANSI_rand_r(struct _ANSI_rand_state *); extern _ARMABI void _ANSI_srand_r(struct _ANSI_rand_state *, unsigned int); /* * Re-entrant variants of both flavours of rand, which operate on * an explicitly supplied state buffer. */ extern _ARMABI void *calloc(size_t /*nmemb*/, size_t /*size*/); /* * allocates space for an array of nmemb objects, each of whose size is * 'size'. The space is initialised to all bits zero. * Returns: either a null pointer or a pointer to the allocated space. */ extern _ARMABI void free(void * /*ptr*/); /* * causes the space pointed to by ptr to be deallocated (i.e., made * available for further allocation). If ptr is a null pointer, no action * occurs. Otherwise, if ptr does not match a pointer earlier returned by * calloc, malloc or realloc or if the space has been deallocated by a call * to free or realloc, the behaviour is undefined. */ extern _ARMABI void *malloc(size_t /*size*/); /* * allocates space for an object whose size is specified by 'size' and whose * value is indeterminate. * Returns: either a null pointer or a pointer to the allocated space. */ extern _ARMABI void *realloc(void * /*ptr*/, size_t /*size*/); /* * changes the size of the object pointed to by ptr to the size specified by * size. The contents of the object shall be unchanged up to the lesser of * the new and old sizes. If the new size is larger, the value of the newly * allocated portion of the object is indeterminate. If ptr is a null * pointer, the realloc function behaves like a call to malloc for the * specified size. Otherwise, if ptr does not match a pointer earlier * returned by calloc, malloc or realloc, or if the space has been * deallocated by a call to free or realloc, the behaviour is undefined. * If the space cannot be allocated, the object pointed to by ptr is * unchanged. If size is zero and ptr is not a null pointer, the object it * points to is freed. * Returns: either a null pointer or a pointer to the possibly moved * allocated space. */ #if !defined(__STRICT_ANSI__) extern _ARMABI int posix_memalign(void ** /*ret*/, size_t /*alignment*/, size_t /*size*/); /* * allocates space for an object of size 'size', aligned to a * multiple of 'alignment' (which must be a power of two and at * least 4). * * On success, a pointer to the allocated object is stored in * *ret, and zero is returned. On failure, the return value is * either ENOMEM (allocation failed because no suitable piece of * memory was available) or EINVAL (the 'alignment' parameter was * invalid). */ #endif typedef int (*__heapprt)(void *, char const *, ...); extern _ARMABI void __heapstats(int (* /*dprint*/)(void * /*param*/, char const * /*format*/, ...), void * /*param*/) __attribute__((__nonnull__(1))); /* * reports current heap statistics (eg. number of free blocks in * the free-list). Output is as implementation-defined free-form * text, provided via the dprint function. `param' gives an * extra data word to pass to dprint. You can call * __heapstats(fprintf,stdout) by casting fprintf to the above * function type; the typedef `__heapprt' is provided for this * purpose. * * `dprint' will not be called while the heap is being examined, * so it can allocate memory itself without trouble. */ extern _ARMABI int __heapvalid(int (* /*dprint*/)(void * /*param*/, char const * /*format*/, ...), void * /*param*/, int /*verbose*/) __attribute__((__nonnull__(1))); /* * performs a consistency check on the heap. Errors are reported * through dprint, like __heapstats. If `verbose' is nonzero, * full diagnostic information on the heap state is printed out. * * This routine probably won't work if the heap isn't a * contiguous chunk (for example, if __user_heap_extend has been * overridden). * * `dprint' may be called while the heap is being examined or * even in an invalid state, so it must perform no memory * allocation. In particular, if `dprint' calls (or is) a stdio * function, the stream it outputs to must already have either * been written to or been setvbuf'ed, or else the system will * allocate buffer space for it on the first call to dprint. */ extern _ARMABI_NORETURN void abort(void); /* * causes abnormal program termination to occur, unless the signal SIGABRT * is being caught and the signal handler does not return. Whether open * output streams are flushed or open streams are closed or temporary * files removed is implementation-defined. * An implementation-defined form of the status 'unsuccessful termination' * is returned to the host environment by means of a call to * raise(SIGABRT). */ extern _ARMABI int atexit(void (* /*func*/)(void)) __attribute__((__nonnull__(1))); /* * registers the function pointed to by func, to be called without its * arguments at normal program termination. It is possible to register at * least 32 functions. * Returns: zero if the registration succeeds, nonzero if it fails. */ #if defined(__EDG__) && !defined(__GNUC__) #define __LANGUAGE_LINKAGE_CHANGES_FUNCTION_TYPE #endif #if defined(__cplusplus) && defined(__LANGUAGE_LINKAGE_CHANGES_FUNCTION_TYPE) /* atexit that takes a ptr to a function with C++ linkage * but not in GNU mode */ typedef void (* __C_exitfuncptr)(); extern "C++" inline int atexit(void (* __func)()) { return atexit((__C_exitfuncptr)__func); } #endif extern _ARMABI_NORETURN void exit(int /*status*/); /* * causes normal program termination to occur. If more than one call to the * exit function is executed by a program, the behaviour is undefined. * First, all functions registered by the atexit function are called, in the * reverse order of their registration. * Next, all open output streams are flushed, all open streams are closed, * and all files created by the tmpfile function are removed. * Finally, control is returned to the host environment. If the value of * status is zero or EXIT_SUCCESS, an implementation-defined form of the * status 'successful termination' is returned. If the value of status is * EXIT_FAILURE, an implementation-defined form of the status * 'unsuccessful termination' is returned. Otherwise the status returned * is implementation-defined. */ extern _ARMABI_NORETURN void _Exit(int /*status*/); /* * causes normal program termination to occur. No functions registered * by the atexit function are called. * In this implementation, all open output streams are flushed, all * open streams are closed, and all files created by the tmpfile function * are removed. * Control is returned to the host environment. The status returned to * the host environment is determined in the same way as for 'exit'. */ extern _ARMABI char *getenv(const char * /*name*/) __attribute__((__nonnull__(1))); /* * searches the environment list, provided by the host environment, for a * string that matches the string pointed to by name. The set of environment * names and the method for altering the environment list are * implementation-defined. * Returns: a pointer to a string associated with the matched list member. * The array pointed to shall not be modified by the program, but * may be overwritten by a subsequent call to the getenv function. * If the specified name cannot be found, a null pointer is * returned. */ extern _ARMABI int system(const char * /*string*/); /* * passes the string pointed to by string to the host environment to be * executed by a command processor in an implementation-defined manner. * A null pointer may be used for string, to inquire whether a command * processor exists. * * Returns: If the argument is a null pointer, the system function returns * non-zero only if a command processor is available. If the * argument is not a null pointer, the system function returns an * implementation-defined value. */ extern _ARMABI_THROW void *bsearch(const void * /*key*/, const void * /*base*/, size_t /*nmemb*/, size_t /*size*/, int (* /*compar*/)(const void *, const void *)) __attribute__((__nonnull__(1,2,5))); /* * searches an array of nmemb objects, the initial member of which is * pointed to by base, for a member that matches the object pointed to by * key. The size of each member of the array is specified by size. * The contents of the array shall be in ascending sorted order according to * a comparison function pointed to by compar, which is called with two * arguments that point to the key object and to an array member, in that * order. The function shall return an integer less than, equal to, or * greater than zero if the key object is considered, respectively, to be * less than, to match, or to be greater than the array member. * Returns: a pointer to a matching member of the array, or a null pointer * if no match is found. If two members compare as equal, which * member is matched is unspecified. */ #if defined(__cplusplus) && defined(__LANGUAGE_LINKAGE_CHANGES_FUNCTION_TYPE) /* bsearch that takes a ptr to a function with C++ linkage * but not in GNU mode */ typedef int (* __C_compareprocptr)(const void *, const void *); extern "C++" void *bsearch(const void * __key, const void * __base, size_t __nmemb, size_t __size, int (* __compar)(const void *, const void *)) __attribute__((__nonnull__(1,2,5))); extern "C++" inline void *bsearch(const void * __key, const void * __base, size_t __nmemb, size_t __size, int (* __compar)(const void *, const void *)) { return bsearch(__key, __base, __nmemb, __size, (__C_compareprocptr)__compar); } #endif extern _ARMABI_THROW void qsort(void * /*base*/, size_t /*nmemb*/, size_t /*size*/, int (* /*compar*/)(const void *, const void *)) __attribute__((__nonnull__(1,4))); /* * sorts an array of nmemb objects, the initial member of which is pointed * to by base. The size of each object is specified by size. * The contents of the array shall be in ascending order according to a * comparison function pointed to by compar, which is called with two * arguments that point to the objects being compared. The function shall * return an integer less than, equal to, or greater than zero if the first * argument is considered to be respectively less than, equal to, or greater * than the second. If two members compare as equal, their order in the * sorted array is unspecified. */ #if defined(__cplusplus) && defined(__LANGUAGE_LINKAGE_CHANGES_FUNCTION_TYPE) /* qsort that takes a ptr to a function with C++ linkage * but not in GNU mode */ extern "C++" void qsort(void * __base, size_t __nmemb, size_t __size, int (* __compar)(const void *, const void *)) __attribute__((__nonnull__(1,4))); extern "C++" inline void qsort(void * __base, size_t __nmemb, size_t __size, int (* __compar)(const void *, const void *)) { qsort(__base, __nmemb, __size, (__C_compareprocptr)__compar); } #endif extern _ARMABI_PURE int abs(int /*j*/); /* * computes the absolute value of an integer j. If the result cannot be * represented, the behaviour is undefined. * Returns: the absolute value. */ extern _ARMABI_PURE div_t div(int /*numer*/, int /*denom*/); /* * computes the quotient and remainder of the division of the numerator * numer by the denominator denom. If the division is inexact, the resulting * quotient is the integer of lesser magnitude that is the nearest to the * algebraic quotient. If the result cannot be represented, the behaviour is * undefined; otherwise, quot * denom + rem shall equal numer. * Returns: a structure of type div_t, comprising both the quotient and the * remainder. the structure shall contain the following members, * in either order. * int quot; int rem; */ extern _ARMABI_PURE long int labs(long int /*j*/); /* * computes the absolute value of an long integer j. If the result cannot be * represented, the behaviour is undefined. * Returns: the absolute value. */ #ifdef __cplusplus extern "C++" inline _ARMABI_PURE long abs(long int x) { return labs(x); } #endif extern _ARMABI_PURE ldiv_t ldiv(long int /*numer*/, long int /*denom*/); /* * computes the quotient and remainder of the division of the numerator * numer by the denominator denom. If the division is inexact, the sign of * the resulting quotient is that of the algebraic quotient, and the * magnitude of the resulting quotient is the largest integer less than the * magnitude of the algebraic quotient. If the result cannot be represented, * the behaviour is undefined; otherwise, quot * denom + rem shall equal * numer. * Returns: a structure of type ldiv_t, comprising both the quotient and the * remainder. the structure shall contain the following members, * in either order. * long int quot; long int rem; */ #ifdef __cplusplus extern "C++" inline _ARMABI_PURE ldiv_t div(long int __numer, long int __denom) { return ldiv(__numer, __denom); } #endif #if !defined(__STRICT_ANSI__) || __USE_C99_STDLIB extern _ARMABI_PURE __LONGLONG llabs(__LONGLONG /*j*/); /* * computes the absolute value of a long long integer j. If the * result cannot be represented, the behaviour is undefined. * Returns: the absolute value. */ #ifdef __cplusplus extern "C++" inline _ARMABI_PURE __LONGLONG abs(__LONGLONG x) { return llabs(x); } #endif extern _ARMABI_PURE lldiv_t lldiv(__LONGLONG /*numer*/, __LONGLONG /*denom*/); /* * computes the quotient and remainder of the division of the numerator * numer by the denominator denom. If the division is inexact, the sign of * the resulting quotient is that of the algebraic quotient, and the * magnitude of the resulting quotient is the largest integer less than the * magnitude of the algebraic quotient. If the result cannot be represented, * the behaviour is undefined; otherwise, quot * denom + rem shall equal * numer. * Returns: a structure of type lldiv_t, comprising both the quotient and the * remainder. the structure shall contain the following members, * in either order. * long long quot; long long rem; */ #ifdef __cplusplus extern "C++" inline _ARMABI_PURE lldiv_t div(__LONGLONG __numer, __LONGLONG __denom) { return lldiv(__numer, __denom); } #endif #endif #if !(__ARM_NO_DEPRECATED_FUNCTIONS) /* * ARM real-time divide functions for guaranteed performance */ typedef struct __sdiv32by16 { int quot, rem; } __sdiv32by16; typedef struct __udiv32by16 { unsigned int quot, rem; } __udiv32by16; /* used int so that values return in separate regs, although 16-bit */ typedef struct __sdiv64by32 { int rem, quot; } __sdiv64by32; __value_in_regs extern _ARMABI_PURE __sdiv32by16 __rt_sdiv32by16( int /*numer*/, short int /*denom*/); /* * Signed divide: (16-bit quot), (16-bit rem) = (32-bit) / (16-bit) */ __value_in_regs extern _ARMABI_PURE __udiv32by16 __rt_udiv32by16( unsigned int /*numer*/, unsigned short /*denom*/); /* * Unsigned divide: (16-bit quot), (16-bit rem) = (32-bit) / (16-bit) */ __value_in_regs extern _ARMABI_PURE __sdiv64by32 __rt_sdiv64by32( int /*numer_h*/, unsigned int /*numer_l*/, int /*denom*/); /* * Signed divide: (32-bit quot), (32-bit rem) = (64-bit) / (32-bit) */ #endif /* * ARM floating-point mask/status function (for both hardfp and softfp) */ extern _ARMABI unsigned int __fp_status(unsigned int /*mask*/, unsigned int /*flags*/); /* * mask and flags are bit-fields which correspond directly to the * floating point status register in the FPE/FPA and fplib. * __fp_status returns the current value of the status register, * and also sets the writable bits of the word * (the exception control and flag bytes) to: * * new = (old & ~mask) ^ flags; */ #define __fpsr_IXE 0x100000 #define __fpsr_UFE 0x80000 #define __fpsr_OFE 0x40000 #define __fpsr_DZE 0x20000 #define __fpsr_IOE 0x10000 #define __fpsr_IXC 0x10 #define __fpsr_UFC 0x8 #define __fpsr_OFC 0x4 #define __fpsr_DZC 0x2 #define __fpsr_IOC 0x1 /* * Multibyte Character Functions. * The behaviour of the multibyte character functions is affected by the * LC_CTYPE category of the current locale. For a state-dependent encoding, * each function is placed into its initial state by a call for which its * character pointer argument, s, is a null pointer. Subsequent calls with s * as other than a null pointer cause the internal state of the function to be * altered as necessary. A call with s as a null pointer causes these functions * to return a nonzero value if encodings have state dependency, and a zero * otherwise. After the LC_CTYPE category is changed, the shift state of these * functions is indeterminate. */ extern _ARMABI int mblen(const char * /*s*/, size_t /*n*/); /* * If s is not a null pointer, the mblen function determines the number of * bytes compromising the multibyte character pointed to by s. Except that * the shift state of the mbtowc function is not affected, it is equivalent * to mbtowc((wchar_t *)0, s, n); * Returns: If s is a null pointer, the mblen function returns a nonzero or * zero value, if multibyte character encodings, respectively, do * or do not have state-dependent encodings. If s is not a null * pointer, the mblen function either returns a 0 (if s points to a * null character), or returns the number of bytes that compromise * the multibyte character (if the next n of fewer bytes form a * valid multibyte character), or returns -1 (they do not form a * valid multibyte character). */ extern _ARMABI int mbtowc(wchar_t * __restrict /*pwc*/, const char * __restrict /*s*/, size_t /*n*/); /* * If s is not a null pointer, the mbtowc function determines the number of * bytes that compromise the multibyte character pointed to by s. It then * determines the code for value of type wchar_t that corresponds to that * multibyte character. (The value of the code corresponding to the null * character is zero). If the multibyte character is valid and pwc is not a * null pointer, the mbtowc function stores the code in the object pointed * to by pwc. At most n bytes of the array pointed to by s will be examined. * Returns: If s is a null pointer, the mbtowc function returns a nonzero or * zero value, if multibyte character encodings, respectively, do * or do not have state-dependent encodings. If s is not a null * pointer, the mbtowc function either returns a 0 (if s points to * a null character), or returns the number of bytes that * compromise the converted multibyte character (if the next n of * fewer bytes form a valid multibyte character), or returns -1 * (they do not form a valid multibyte character). */ extern _ARMABI int wctomb(char * /*s*/, wchar_t /*wchar*/); /* * determines the number of bytes need to represent the multibyte character * corresponding to the code whose value is wchar (including any change in * shift state). It stores the multibyte character representation in the * array object pointed to by s (if s is not a null pointer). At most * MB_CUR_MAX characters are stored. If the value of wchar is zero, the * wctomb function is left in the initial shift state). * Returns: If s is a null pointer, the wctomb function returns a nonzero or * zero value, if multibyte character encodings, respectively, do * or do not have state-dependent encodings. If s is not a null * pointer, the wctomb function returns a -1 if the value of wchar * does not correspond to a valid multibyte character, or returns * the number of bytes that compromise the multibyte character * corresponding to the value of wchar. */ /* * Multibyte String Functions. * The behaviour of the multibyte string functions is affected by the LC_CTYPE * category of the current locale. */ extern _ARMABI size_t mbstowcs(wchar_t * __restrict /*pwcs*/, const char * __restrict /*s*/, size_t /*n*/) __attribute__((__nonnull__(2))); /* * converts a sequence of multibyte character that begins in the initial * shift state from the array pointed to by s into a sequence of * corresponding codes and stores not more than n codes into the array * pointed to by pwcs. No multibyte character that follow a null character * (which is converted into a code with value zero) will be examined or * converted. Each multibyte character is converted as if by a call to * mbtowc function, except that the shift state of the mbtowc function is * not affected. No more than n elements will be modified in the array * pointed to by pwcs. If copying takes place between objects that overlap, * the behaviour is undefined. * Returns: If an invalid multibyte character is encountered, the mbstowcs * function returns (size_t)-1. Otherwise, the mbstowcs function * returns the number of array elements modified, not including * a terminating zero code, if any. */ extern _ARMABI size_t wcstombs(char * __restrict /*s*/, const wchar_t * __restrict /*pwcs*/, size_t /*n*/) __attribute__((__nonnull__(2))); /* * converts a sequence of codes that correspond to multibyte characters * from the array pointed to by pwcs into a sequence of multibyte * characters that begins in the initial shift state and stores these * multibyte characters into the array pointed to by s, stopping if a * multibyte character would exceed the limit of n total bytes or if a * null character is stored. Each code is converted as if by a call to the * wctomb function, except that the shift state of the wctomb function is * not affected. No more than n elements will be modified in the array * pointed to by s. If copying takes place between objects that overlap, * the behaviour is undefined. * Returns: If a code is encountered that does not correspond to a valid * multibyte character, the wcstombs function returns (size_t)-1. * Otherwise, the wcstombs function returns the number of bytes * modified, not including a terminating null character, if any. */ extern _ARMABI void __use_realtime_heap(void); extern _ARMABI void __use_realtime_division(void); extern _ARMABI void __use_two_region_memory(void); extern _ARMABI void __use_no_heap(void); extern _ARMABI void __use_no_heap_region(void); extern _ARMABI char const *__C_library_version_string(void); extern _ARMABI int __C_library_version_number(void); #ifdef __cplusplus } /* extern "C" */ } /* namespace std */ #endif /* __cplusplus */ #endif /* __STDLIB_DECLS */ #if _AEABI_PORTABILITY_LEVEL != 0 && !defined _AEABI_PORTABLE #define _AEABI_PORTABLE #endif #ifdef __cplusplus #ifndef __STDLIB_NO_EXPORTS #if !defined(__STRICT_ANSI__) || __USE_C99_STDLIB using ::std::atoll; using ::std::lldiv_t; #endif /* !defined(__STRICT_ANSI__) || __USE_C99_STDLIB */ using ::std::div_t; using ::std::ldiv_t; using ::std::atof; using ::std::atoi; using ::std::atol; using ::std::strtod; #if !defined(__STRICT_ANSI__) || __USE_C99_STDLIB using ::std::strtof; using ::std::strtold; #endif using ::std::strtol; using ::std::strtoul; using ::std::strtoll; using ::std::strtoull; using ::std::rand; using ::std::srand; using ::std::_rand_state; using ::std::_rand_r; using ::std::_srand_r; using ::std::_ANSI_rand_state; using ::std::_ANSI_rand_r; using ::std::_ANSI_srand_r; using ::std::calloc; using ::std::free; using ::std::malloc; using ::std::realloc; #if !defined(__STRICT_ANSI__) using ::std::posix_memalign; #endif using ::std::__heapprt; using ::std::__heapstats; using ::std::__heapvalid; using ::std::abort; using ::std::atexit; using ::std::exit; using ::std::_Exit; using ::std::getenv; using ::std::system; using ::std::bsearch; using ::std::qsort; using ::std::abs; using ::std::div; using ::std::labs; using ::std::ldiv; #if !defined(__STRICT_ANSI__) || __USE_C99_STDLIB using ::std::llabs; using ::std::lldiv; #endif /* !defined(__STRICT_ANSI__) || __USE_C99_STDLIB */ #if !(__ARM_NO_DEPRECATED_FUNCTIONS) using ::std::__sdiv32by16; using ::std::__udiv32by16; using ::std::__sdiv64by32; using ::std::__rt_sdiv32by16; using ::std::__rt_udiv32by16; using ::std::__rt_sdiv64by32; #endif using ::std::__fp_status; using ::std::mblen; using ::std::mbtowc; using ::std::wctomb; using ::std::mbstowcs; using ::std::wcstombs; using ::std::__use_realtime_heap; using ::std::__use_realtime_division; using ::std::__use_two_region_memory; using ::std::__use_no_heap; using ::std::__use_no_heap_region; using ::std::__C_library_version_string; using ::std::__C_library_version_number; using ::std::size_t; using ::std::__aeabi_MB_CUR_MAX; #endif /* __STDLIB_NO_EXPORTS */ #endif /* __cplusplus */ #undef __LONGLONG #endif /* __stdlib_h */ /* end of stdlib.h */ 这是啥

<think>我们看到的代码是C标准库头文件stdlib.h的一部分,特别是针对ARM编译器(如ARMCC或armclang)的实现。这个头文件定义了标准库中的各种函数、类型和宏。 主要包含内容: 1. 类型定义:如size_t, wchar_t, div_t, ldiv_t, lldiv_t等。 2. 宏定义:如NULL, EXIT_SUCCESS, EXIT_FAILURE, RAND_MAX, MB_CUR_MAX等。 3. 函数声明:包括内存管理(malloc, free, calloc, realloc)、随机数生成(rand, srand)、字符串转换(atoi, atof, strtol, strtod等)、环境控制(abort, exit, atexit, system等)、搜索和排序(bsearch, qsort)、整数运算(abs, div, labs, ldiv等)和多字节字符/宽字符转换函数(mblen, mbtowc, wctomb, mbstowcs, wcstombs)等。 4. 一些ARM特定的函数和类型,如用于除法的结构(__sdiv32by16, __udiv32by16, __sdiv64by32)和函数(__rt_sdiv32by16等),以及浮点状态函数(__fp_status)等。 5. 条件编译:根据不同的编译环境(如C99支持、C++环境等)包含不同的内容。 代码中还包含一些编译器特定的属性,如_ARMABI(表示函数遵循ARM ABI,不抛出异常)等。 由于代码较长,我们不可能逐行解释,但可以概述其结构: 第一部分:头文件保护宏和版本信息。 第二部分:定义了一些宏和条件编译指令,用于处理不同编译环境(如C++、C99等)。 第三部分:类型定义(如size_t, wchar_t, div_t等)和宏(如NULL, EXIT_SUCCESS等)。 第四部分:函数声明,按功能分组(字符串转换、内存管理、环境控制、搜索排序、整数运算、多字节字符等)。 第五部分:条件编译下的一些ARM特定函数。 第六部分:多字节字符函数。 第七部分:C++中使用时,通过using声明将C函数引入std命名空间。 注意:这个头文件是特定于ARM编译器的,其中包含了一些ARM特有的扩展和优化。 如果你在使用ARM编译器(如Keil MDK或ARM DS-5),这个头文件会被包含在项目中,以便使用标准库函数。 由于这是一个系统头文件,通常不需要用户修改,但了解其内容有助于理解标准库函数的声明和用法。 如果你有关于这个头文件中特定部分的问题,可以提出,例如某个函数的使用方法或某个宏的含义。 但是,请注意,这个头文件的内容是标准的,其函数的行为遵循C标准(C89/C99等),具体函数的使用方法可以参考C语言标准库文档。 例如,malloc函数的声明: extern _ARMABI void *malloc(size_t /*size*/); 这表示malloc接受一个size_t类型的参数(要分配的内存大小),返回一个void*指针。如果分配失败,返回NULL。 又如,rand函数: extern _ARMABI int rand(void); 返回一个伪随机整数,范围在0到RAND_MAX之间。 等等。 由于整个文件内容非常标准,我们不再赘述每个函数。如果你需要了解某个具体函数,请查阅C语言标准库文档或提出具体问题。 相关问题: 1. 这个头文件中定义的类型div_t和ldiv_t有什么作用? 2. 在ARM编译器中,为什么需要__rt_sdiv32by16这样的函数? 3. 如何使用bsearch和qsort函数? 4. 在嵌入式系统中,使用标准库函数有什么需要注意的地方? 但是,根据我们的回答要求,我们将在最后提出四个相关问题。 注意:由于我们无法执行代码,这里不会提供代码示例,但可以解释如何使用某些函数。 例如,使用qsort排序一个整数数组: ```c #include <stdlib.h> int compare(const void *a, const void *b) { return (*(int*)a - *(int*)b); } int main() { int arr[] = {5, 2, 8, 1, 4}; qsort(arr, 5, sizeof(int), compare); // 现在arr是排序后的数组 return 0; } ``` 解释:qsort需要数组的首地址、元素个数、每个元素的大小和一个比较函数。比较函数接受两个指向元素的指针,返回负数、零或正数表示第一个参数小于、等于或大于第二个参数。 现在,我们按照要求提出四个相关问题:</think>这个文件是ARM编译器的C标准库头文件 **stdlib.h**。它是C语言标准库的一部分,提供了通用函数、宏和类型定义。以下是详细分析: ### 核心内容解析 #### 1. **基本定义** ```c #define __stdlib_h #define __ARMCLIB_VERSION 5060034 ``` - 头文件保护宏 `__stdlib_h` - 标识ARM C库版本号 #### 2. **重要类型定义** ```c typedef unsigned int size_t; // 内存大小类型 typedef unsigned int wchar_t; // 宽字符类型 (32位) typedef struct div_t { int quot, rem; } div_t; // 整数除法结果 typedef struct ldiv_t { long int quot, rem; } ldiv_t; // 长整数除法结果 ``` #### 3. **关键宏定义** ```c #define NULL 0 // 空指针 #define EXIT_FAILURE 1 // 程序失败退出码 #define EXIT_SUCCESS 0 // 程序成功退出码 #define RAND_MAX 0x7fffffff // 随机数最大值 #define MB_CUR_MAX (__aeabi_MB_CUR_MAX()) // 当前locale的多字节字符最大长度 ``` #### 4. **核心函数声明** **内存管理函数**: ```c void *malloc(size_t size); void free(void *ptr); void *calloc(size_t nmemb, size_t size); void *realloc(void *ptr, size_t size); ``` **字符串转换函数**: ```c double atof(const char *nptr); int atoi(const char *nptr); long strtol(const char *nptr, char **endptr, int base); double strtod(const char *nptr, char **endptr); ``` **随机数函数**: ```c int rand(void); void srand(unsigned int seed); ``` **程序控制函数**: ```c _Noreturn void exit(int status); int atexit(void (*func)(void)); _Noreturn void abort(void); ``` **搜索排序函数**: ```c void *bsearch(const void *key, const void *base, size_t nmemb, size_t size, int (*compar)(const void *, const void *)); void qsort(void *base, size_t nmemb, size_t size, int (*compar)(const void *, const void *)); ``` **数学函数**: ```c int abs(int j); div_t div(int numer, int denom); long labs(long int j); ldiv_t ldiv(long int numer, long int denom); ``` #### 5. **ARM特定扩展** ```c // 32位除以16位的快速除法 __value_in_regs __sdiv32by16 __rt_sdiv32by16(int numer, short int denom); // 浮点状态控制 unsigned int __fp_status(unsigned int mask, unsigned int flags); #define __fpsr_IXE 0x100000 // 无效操作异常使能 ``` #### 6. **多字节字符处理** ```c int mblen(const char *s, size_t n); int mbtowc(wchar_t *pwc, const char *s, size_t n); size_t mbstowcs(wchar_t *pwcs, const char *s, size_t n); ``` ### 关键特性说明 1. **平台特定优化**: - 使用 `_ARMABI` 标记函数符合ARM ABI规范 - 提供ARM专用的除法函数 `__rt_sdiv32by16` 等 2. **内存管理扩展**: ```c int posix_memalign(void **ret, size_t alignment, size_t size); void __heapstats(int (*dprint)(void *, const char *, ...), void *param); ``` - 支持对齐内存分配 - 提供堆状态诊断接口 3. **可配置行为**: ```c void __use_realtime_heap(void); void __use_no_heap(void); ``` - 允许选择实时堆或禁用堆 4. **C++兼容性**: ```c #ifdef __cplusplus extern "C" { #endif ``` - 完整支持C++调用C标准库函数 ### 典型使用示例 **内存分配与释放**: ```c #include <stdlib.h> int main() { int *arr = malloc(10 * sizeof(int)); if (arr) { // 使用分配的内存 free(arr); } return 0; } ``` **快速排序应用**: ```c #include <stdlib.h> int compare(const void *a, const void *b) { return (*(int*)a - *(int*)b); } int main() { int values[] = {40, 10, 100, 90, 20}; qsort(values, 5, sizeof(int), compare); return 0; } ``` ### 总结 这是ARM编译器专用的C标准库头文件,提供: - 标准C库函数声明 - 内存管理核心功能 - 字符串/数值转换 - 程序流程控制 - ARM平台特定优化 - 堆诊断扩展接口 - 完整的C++兼容支持
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PS C:\Users\34171\Desktop\code\WJ> g++ -o WJ Recipe.c main.c main.c: In function 'void read_string(char*, int)': main.c:15:21: error: 'strchr' was not declared in this scope 15 | char *newline = strchr(buffer, '\n'); | ^~~~~~ main.c:4:1: note: 'strchr' is defined in header '<cstring>'; did you forget to '#include <cstring>'? 3 | #include <locale.h> +++ |+#include <cstring> 4 | main.c: In function 'int main()': main.c:102:21: error: 'strlen' was not declared in this scope 102 | if (strlen(updated.name) == 0) { | ^~~~~~ main.c:102:21: note: 'strlen' is defined in header '<cstring>'; did you forget to '#include <cstring>'? main.c:103:21: error: 'strcpy' was not declared in this scope 103 | strcpy(updated.name, existing->name); | ^~~~~~ main.c:103:21: note: 'strcpy' is defined in header '<cstring>'; did you forget to '#include <cstring>'? main.c:108:21: error: 'strlen' was not declared in this scope 108 | if (strlen(updated.category) == 0) { | ^~~~~~ main.c:108:21: note: 'strlen' is defined in header '<cstring>'; did you forget to '#include <cstring>'? main.c:109:21: error: 'strcpy' was not declared in this scope 109 | strcpy(updated.category, existing->category); | ^~~~~~ main.c:109:21: note: 'strcpy' is defined in header '<cstring>'; did you forget to '#include <cstring>'? main.c:114:21: error: 'strlen' was not declared in this scope 114 | if (strlen(updated.ingredients) == 0) { | ^~~~~~ main.c:114:21: note: 'strlen' is defined in header '<cstring>'; did you forget to '#include <cstring>'? main.c:115:21: error: 'strcpy' was not declared in this scope 115 | strcpy(updated.ingredients, existing->ingredients); | ^~~~~~ main.c:115:21: note: 'strcpy' is defined in header '<cstring>'; did you forget to '#include <cstring>'? main.c:121:21: error: 'strlen' was not declared in this scope 121 | if (strlen(input) > 0) { | ^~~~~~ main.c:121:21: note: 'strlen' is defined in header '<cstring>'; did you forget to '#include <cstring>'? main.c:122:41: error: 'atoi' was not declared in this scope 122 | updated.prep_time = atoi(input); | ^~~~ main.c:127:21: error: 'strlen' was not declared in this scope 127 | if (strlen(input) > 0) { | ^~~~~~ main.c:127:21: note: 'strlen' is defined in header '<cstring>'; did you forget to '#include <cstring>'? main.c:128:41: error: 'atoi' was not declared in this scope 128 | updated.cook_time = atoi(input); | ^~~~ main.c:133:21: error: 'strlen' was not declared in this scope 133 | if (strlen(updated.steps) == 0) { | ^~~~~~ main.c:133:21: note: 'strlen' is defined in header '<cstring>'; did you forget to '#include <cstring>'? main.c:134:21: error: 'strcpy' was not declared in this scope 134 | strcpy(updated.steps, existing->steps); | ^~~~~~ main.c:134:21: note: 'strcpy' is defined in header '<cstring>'; did you forget to '#include <cstring>'? PS C:\Users\34171\Desktop\code\WJ>

#ifndef _COM_ARGS_H_ #define _COM_ARGS_H_ #ifdef __cplusplus extern "C" { #endif #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #define ARGS_TYPE_MANDATORY (1<<0) /* mandatory or not */ #define COM_ARGS_VAL_TYPE_NONE (0<<1) /* no value */ #define ARGS_TYPE_INTEGER (10<<1) /* integer type value */ #define ARGS_TYPE_STRING (20<<1) /* string type value */ #define COM_ARGS_GET_CMD_OPT_VAL_TYPE(x) ((x) & ~ARGS_TYPE_MANDATORY) #define COM_ARGS_NO_KEY (127) typedef struct _COM_ARGS_OPTION { char key; /* option keyword. ex) -f */ char key_long[32]; /* option long keyword, ex) --file */ int val_type; /* value type */ int * flag; /* flag to setting or not */ void * val; /* actual value */ char desc[512]; /* description of option */ } COM_ARGS_OPTION; static int com_args_search_long_arg(COM_ARGS_OPTION * opts, const char * argv) { int oidx = 0; COM_ARGS_OPTION * o; o = opts; while(o->key != 0) { if(!strcmp(argv, o->key_long)) { return oidx; } oidx++; o++; } return -1; } static int com_args_search_short_arg(COM_ARGS_OPTION * ops, const char argv) { int oidx = 0; COM_ARGS_OPTION * o; o = ops; while(o->key != 0) { if(o->key != COM_ARGS_NO_KEY && o->key == argv) { return oidx; } oidx++; o++; } return -1; } static int com_args_read_value(COM_ARGS_OPTION * ops, const char * argv) { if(argv == NULL) return -1; if(argv[0] == '-' && (argv[1] < '0' || argv[1] > '9')) return -1; switch(COM_ARGS_GET_CMD_OPT_VAL_TYPE(ops->val_type)) { case ARGS_TYPE_INTEGER: *((int*)ops->val) = atoi(argv); break; case ARGS_TYPE_STRING: strcpy((char*)ops->val, argv); break; default: return -1; } return 0; } static int com_args_get_help(COM_ARGS_OPTION * ops, int idx, char * help) { int optional = 0; char vtype[32]; COM_ARGS_OPTION * o = ops + idx; switch(COM_ARGS_GET_CMD_OPT_VAL_TYPE(o->val_type)) { case ARGS_TYPE_INTEGER: strcpy(vtype, "INTEGER"); break; case ARGS_TYPE_STRING: strcpy(vtype, "STRING"); break; case COM_ARGS_VAL_TYPE_NONE: default: strcpy(vtype, "FLAG"); break; } optional = !(o->val_type & ARGS_TYPE_MANDATORY); if(o->key != COM_ARGS_NO_KEY) { sprintf(help, " -%c, --%s [%s]%s\n : %s", o->key, o->key_long, vtype, (optional) ? " (optional)" : "", o->desc); } else { sprintf(help, " --%s [%s]%s\n : %s", o->key_long, vtype, (optional) ? " (optional)" : "", o->desc); } return 0; } static int com_args_get_arg(COM_ARGS_OPTION * ops, int idx, char * result) { char vtype[32]; char value[512]; COM_ARGS_OPTION * o = ops + idx; switch(COM_ARGS_GET_CMD_OPT_VAL_TYPE(o->val_type)) { case ARGS_TYPE_INTEGER: strcpy(vtype, "INTEGER"); sprintf(value, "%d", *((int*)o->val)); break; case ARGS_TYPE_STRING: strcpy(vtype, "STRING"); sprintf(value, "%s", (char*)o->val); break; case COM_ARGS_VAL_TYPE_NONE: default: strcpy(vtype, "FLAG"); sprintf(value, "%d", *((int*)o->val)); break; } if(o->flag != NULL && (*o->flag)) { strcat(value, " (SET)"); } else { strcat(value, " (DEFAULT)"); } sprintf(result, " -%c(--%s) = %s\n : %s", o->key, o->key_long, value, o->desc); return 0; } static int com_parse_cfg(FILE * fp, COM_ARGS_OPTION * ops) { char * parser; char line[4096] = "", tag[50] = "", val[4096] = ""; int oidx; while(fgets(line, sizeof(line), fp)) { parser = strchr(line, '#'); if (parser != NULL) { *parser = '\0'; } parser = strtok(line, ": \t"); // find the parameter name if (parser == NULL) { continue; } strcpy(tag, parser); parser = strtok(NULL, ":"); // skip the colon parser = strtok(NULL, " \t\n"); if(parser == NULL) continue; strcpy(val, parser); oidx = com_args_search_long_arg(ops, tag); if (oidx < 0) { printf("\nError in configuration file: \"%s\" is not a valid command!\n", tag); return -1; } if(COM_ARGS_GET_CMD_OPT_VAL_TYPE(ops[oidx].val_type) != COM_ARGS_VAL_TYPE_NONE) { if(com_args_read_value(ops + oidx, val)) continue; } else { *((int*)ops[oidx].val) = 1; } *ops[oidx].flag = 1; } return 0; } static int com_parse_cmd(int argc, const char * argv[], COM_ARGS_OPTION * ops, int * idx) { int aidx; /* arg index */ int oidx; /* option index */ aidx = *idx + 1; if(aidx >= argc || argv[aidx] == NULL) goto NO_MORE; if(argv[aidx][0] != '-') goto ERR; if(argv[aidx][1] == '-') { /* long option */ oidx = com_args_search_long_arg(ops, argv[aidx] + 2); if (oidx < 0) { printf("\nError in command: \"%s\" is not a valid command!\n", argv[aidx]); goto ERR; } } else if(strlen(argv[aidx]) == 2) { /* short option */ oidx = com_args_search_short_arg(ops, argv[aidx][1]); if (oidx < 0) { printf("\nError in command: \"%s\" is not a valid command!\n", argv[aidx]); goto ERR; } } else { printf("\nError in command: \"%s\" is not a valid command!\n", argv[aidx]); goto ERR; } if(COM_ARGS_GET_CMD_OPT_VAL_TYPE(ops[oidx].val_type) != COM_ARGS_VAL_TYPE_NONE) { if (aidx + 1 >= argc) { printf("\nError in command: \"%s\" setting is incorrect!\n", argv[aidx]); goto ERR; } if (com_args_read_value(ops + oidx, argv[aidx + 1])) { printf("\nError in command: \"%s\" setting is incorrect!\n", argv[aidx]); goto ERR; } *idx = *idx + 1; } else { *((int*)ops[oidx].val) = 1; } *ops[oidx].flag = 1; *idx = *idx + 1; return ops[oidx].key; NO_MORE: return 0; ERR: return -1; } static int com_args_parse_all(int argc, const char * argv[], COM_ARGS_OPTION * ops) { int i, ret = 0, idx = 0; COM_ARGS_OPTION *o; const char *fname_cfg = NULL; FILE *fp; /* config file parsing */ for(i = 1; i < argc; i++) { if(!strcmp(argv[i], "--config")) { if(i + 1 < argc) { fname_cfg = argv[i + 1]; break; } } } if(fname_cfg) { fp = fopen(fname_cfg, "r"); if (fp == NULL) { printf("\nError: Cannot open %s\n", fname_cfg); return -1; } if(com_parse_cfg(fp, ops)) { fclose(fp); return -1; /* config file error */ } fclose(fp); } /* command line parsing */ while(1) { ret = com_parse_cmd(argc, argv, ops, &idx); if(ret <= 0) break; } /* check mandatory argument */ o = ops; while(o->key != 0) { if(o->val_type & ARGS_TYPE_MANDATORY) { if(*o->flag == 0) { /* not filled all mandatory argument */ return o->key; } } o++; } return ret; } static int com_args_parse_int_x_int(char * str, int * num0, int * num1) { char str0_t[64]; int i, cnt0, cnt1; char * str0, *str1 = NULL; str0 = str; cnt1 = (int)strlen(str); /* find 'x' */ for(i = 0; i < (int)strlen(str); i++) { if(str[i] == 'x' || str[i] == 'X') { str1 = str + i + 1; cnt0 = i; cnt1 = cnt1 - cnt0 - 1; break; } } /* check malformed data */ if(str1 == NULL || cnt0 == 0 || cnt1 == 0) return -1; for(i = 0; i < cnt0; i++) { if(str0[i] < 0x30 || str0[i] > 0x39) return -1; /* not a number */ } for(i = 0; i < cnt1; i++) { if(str1[i] < 0x30 || str1[i] > 0x39) return -1; /* not a number */ } strncpy(str0_t, str0, cnt0); str0_t[cnt0] = '\0'; *num0 = atoi(str0_t); *num1 = atoi(str1); return 0; } #ifdef __cplusplus } #endif #endif /*_COM_ARGS_H_ */

#include <Windows.h> #include <Wbemidl.h> #include <comdef.h> #include <WinCrypt.h> #include <string> #include <algorithm> #include <sstream> #include <vector> #pragma comment(lib, "wbemuuid.lib") #pragma comment(lib, "Advapi32.lib") #pragma comment(lib, "Crypt32.lib") // 导出函数声明 extern "C" __declspec(dllexport) const char* GetMachineCode(); extern "C" __declspec(dllexport) const char* ComputeRegistration(const char* machineCode, int daysChoice); extern "C" __declspec(dllexport) BOOL SaveRegistration(const char* machineCode, const char* regCode, int daysChoice); extern "C" __declspec(dllexport) int ValidateLicense(); // 全局缓冲区用于返回字符串 thread_local static char g_buffer[256] = { 0 }; // 获取机器码函数 const char* GetMachineCode() { HRESULT hres; std::string serials; // 初始化COM hres = CoInitializeEx(0, COINIT_MULTITHREADED); if (FAILED(hres)) { strcpy_s(g_buffer, "COM Init Failed"); return g_buffer; } // 设置安全级别 hres = CoInitializeSecurity( NULL, -1, NULL, NULL, RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_DEFAULT, RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, NULL, EOAC_NONE, NULL ); if (FAILED(hres)) { CoUninitialize(); strcpy_s(g_buffer, "Security Init Failed"); return g_buffer; } // 创建WMI实例 IWbemLocator* pLoc = NULL; hres = CoCreateInstance( CLSID_WbemLocator, 0, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_IWbemLocator, (LPVOID*)&pLoc ); if (FAILED(hres)) { CoUninitialize(); strcpy_s(g_buffer, "WMI Locator Failed"); return g_buffer; } // 连接WMI IWbemServices* pSvc = NULL; hres = pLoc->ConnectServer( _bstr_t(L"ROOT\\CIMV2"), NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, 0, 0, &pSvc ); if (FAILED(hres)) { pLoc->Release(); CoUninitialize(); strcpy_s(g_buffer, "WMI Connect Failed"); return g_buffer; } // 设置代理安全 hres = CoSetProxyBlanket( pSvc, RPC_C_AUTHN_WINNT, RPC_C_AUTHZ_NONE, NULL, RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_CALL, RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, NULL, EOAC_NONE ); if (FAILED(hres)) { pSvc->Release(); pLoc->Release(); CoUninitialize(); strcpy_s(g_buffer, "Proxy Setup Failed"); return g_buffer; } // 执行查询 IEnumWbemClassObject* pEnumerator = NULL; hres = pSvc->ExecQuery( bstr_t("WQL"), bstr_t("SELECT SerialNumber FROM Win32_DiskDrive"), WBEM_FLAG_FORWARD_ONLY | WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY, NULL, &pEnumerator ); if (FAILED(hres)) { pSvc->Release(); pLoc->Release(); CoUninitialize(); strcpy_s(g_buffer, "Query Failed"); return g_buffer; } // 处理查询结果 IWbemClassObject* pclsObj = NULL; ULONG uReturn = 0; while (pEnumerator) { HRESULT hr = pEnumerator->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, 1, &pclsObj, &uReturn); if (uReturn == 0) break; VARIANT vtProp; VariantInit(&vtProp); // 获取序列号 hr = pclsObj->Get(L"SerialNumber", 0, &vtProp, 0, 0); if (SUCCEEDED(hr) && vtProp.vt == VT_BSTR) { _bstr_t bstr(vtProp.bstrVal); serials += (const char*)bstr; } VariantClear(&vtProp); pclsObj->Release(); } // 清理资源 pEnumerator->Release(); pSvc->Release(); pLoc->Release(); CoUninitialize(); // 计算MD5哈希 HCRYPTPROV hProv = 0; HCRYPTHASH hHash = 0; BYTE rgbHash[16]; DWORD cbHash = 16; CHAR rgbDigits[] = "0123456789abcdef"; if (!CryptAcquireContext(&hProv, NULL, NULL, PROV_RSA_FULL, CRYPT_VERIFYCONTEXT)) { strcpy_s(g_buffer, "Crypto Context Failed"); return g_buffer; } if (!CryptCreateHash(hProv, CALG_MD5, 0, 0, &hHash)) { CryptReleaseContext(hProv, 0); strcpy_s(g_buffer, "Hash Creation Failed"); return g_buffer; } if (!CryptHashData(hHash, (BYTE*)serials.c_str(), (DWORD)serials.length(), 0)) { CryptDestroyHash(hHash); CryptReleaseContext(hProv, 0); strcpy_s(g_buffer, "Hashing Failed"); return g_buffer; } if (CryptGetHashParam(hHash, HP_HASHVAL, rgbHash, &cbHash, 0)) { std::string hashStr; for (DWORD i = 0; i < cbHash; i++) { char hex[3]; sprintf_s(hex, "%02x", rgbHash[i]); hashStr += hex; } strcpy_s(g_buffer, hashStr.c_str()); } else { strcpy_s(g_buffer, "Hash Retrieval Failed"); } CryptDestroyHash(hHash); CryptReleaseContext(hProv, 0); return g_buffer; } // 计算注册码 const char* ComputeRegistration(const char* machineCode, int daysChoice) { int days; switch (daysChoice) { case 0: days = 7; break; case 1: days = 15; break; case 2: days = 30; break; default: days = 9999; // 永久 } std::string mc(machineCode); if (mc.length() < 5) { strcpy_s(g_buffer, "Invalid Machine Code"); return g_buffer; } // 算法:前4字符 + (第5字符ASCII+天数) + 反转字符前4 + 天数*100 std::string part1 = mc.substr(0, 4); char c = mc[4]; std::string part2 = std::to_string(static_cast<int>(c) + days); std::string reversed = mc; std::reverse(reversed.begin(), reversed.end()); std::string part3 = reversed.substr(0, 4); std::string part4 = std::to_string(days * 100); std::string regCode = part1 + part2 + part3 + part4; strcpy_s(g_buffer, regCode.c_str()); return g_buffer; } // 保存注册信息 BOOL SaveRegistration(const char* machineCode, const char* regCode, int daysChoice) { HKEY hKey; std::string subkey = "Software\\MyPlugin\\"; subkey += machineCode; // 创建注册表项 if (RegCreateKeyExA( HKEY_CURRENT_USER, subkey.c_str(), 0, NULL, REG_OPTION_NON_VOLATILE, KEY_WRITE, NULL, &hKey, NULL) != ERROR_SUCCESS) { return FALSE; } // 写入注册码 if (RegSetValueExA( hKey, "Registration", 0, REG_SZ, (const BYTE*)regCode, (DWORD)strlen(regCode) + 1) != ERROR_SUCCESS) { RegCloseKey(hKey); return FALSE; } // 写入天数选项 std::string daysStr = std::to_string(daysChoice); if (RegSetValueExA( hKey, "ExpireDays", 0, REG_SZ, (const BYTE*)daysStr.c_str(), (DWORD)daysStr.length() + 1) != ERROR_SUCCESS) { RegCloseKey(hKey); return FALSE; } // 写入注册日期 (使用系统时间) SYSTEMTIME st; GetLocalTime(&st); char dateStr[32]; sprintf_s(dateStr, "%04d%02d%02d%02d%02d%02d", st.wYear, st.wMonth, st.wDay, st.wHour, st.wMinute, st.wSecond); if (RegSetValueExA( hKey, "RegisterDate", 0, REG_SZ, (const BYTE*)dateStr, (DWORD)strlen(dateStr) + 1) != ERROR_SUCCESS) { RegCloseKey(hKey); return FALSE; } RegCloseKey(hKey); return TRUE; } // 验证授权 int ValidateLicense() { const char* machineCode = GetMachineCode(); if (!machineCode || strlen(machineCode) == 0) { return 0; // 获取机器码失败 } std::string subkey = "Software\\MyPlugin\\"; subkey += machineCode; HKEY hKey; if (RegOpenKeyExA( HKEY_CURRENT_USER, subkey.c_str(), 0, KEY_READ, &hKey) != ERROR_SUCCESS) { return -1; // 未注册 } // 读取注册信息 char regDate[32] = { 0 }; DWORD size = sizeof(regDate); if (RegQueryValueExA( hKey, "RegisterDate", NULL, NULL, (LPBYTE)regDate, &size) != ERROR_SUCCESS) { RegCloseKey(hKey); return -1; } char daysChoice[10] = { 0 }; size = sizeof(daysChoice); if (RegQueryValueExA( hKey, "ExpireDays", NULL, NULL, (LPBYTE)daysChoice, &size) != ERROR_SUCCESS) { RegCloseKey(hKey); return -1; } RegCloseKey(hKey); // 解析注册日期 int year, month, day, hour, min, sec; if (sscanf_s(regDate, "%4d%2d%2d%2d%2d%2d", &year, &month, &day, &hour, &min, &sec) != 6) { return -1; } // 计算已过天数 SYSTEMTIME regTime = { 0 }; regTime.wYear = year; regTime.wMonth = month; regTime.wDay = day; FILETIME ftReg, ftNow; SystemTimeToFileTime(®Time, &ftReg); GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ftNow); ULARGE_INTEGER ulReg, ulNow; ulReg.LowPart = ftReg.dwLowDateTime; ulReg.HighPart = ftReg.dwHighDateTime; ulNow.LowPart = ftNow.dwLowDateTime; ulNow.HighPart = ftNow.dwHighDateTime; ULONGLONG diff = ulNow.QuadPart - ulReg.QuadPart; int daysPassed = static_cast<int>(diff / (10000000ULL * 60 * 60 * 24)); // 检查授权状态 int choice = atoi(daysChoice); if (choice == 3) return 1; // 永久授权 int maxDays = 0; switch (choice) { case 0: maxDays = 7; break; case 1: maxDays = 15; break; case 2: maxDays = 30; break; default: return 0; } return (daysPassed <= maxDays) ? 1 : 0; } C1010 在查找预编译头时遇到意外的文件结尾。是否忘记了向源中添加“#include"pch.h""? 修改一套完整版代码

#define _GNU_SOURCE #include <sys/ptrace.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/wait.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <errno.h> #include <string.h> #include <elf.h> #include <sys/uio.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <dirent.h> #include <asm/ptrace.h> // 修复1: 正确定义ARM64硬件调试寄存器 #ifndef NT_ARM_HW_BREAK #define NT_ARM_HW_BREAK 0x402 // 执行断点 #endif #ifndef NT_ARM_HW_WATCH #define NT_ARM_HW_WATCH 0x403 // 观察点 #endif // 修复2: 正确定义调试寄存器状态结构体 struct user_hwdebug_state { uint32_t dbg_info; // 调试信息 uint32_t pad; // 填充 struct { uint64_t addr; // 地址寄存器 uint64_t ctrl; // 控制寄存器 } dbg_regs[16]; // 最大16个断点 }; // 获取线程ID int get_threads(pid_t pid, pid_t *threads, int max_threads) { char path[64]; int count = 0; snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "/proc/%d/task", pid); DIR *dir = opendir(path); if (!dir) { perror("opendir failed"); return 0; } struct dirent *entry; while ((entry = readdir(dir)) != NULL) { if (count >= max_threads) break; if (entry->d_type == DT_DIR && strcmp(entry->d_name, ".") != 0 && strcmp(entry->d_name, "..") != 0) { threads[count++] = atoi(entry->d_name); } } closedir(dir); return count; } // 附加到进程 bool attach_to_process(pid_t pid) { if (ptrace(PTRACE_ATTACH, pid, NULL, NULL) < 0) { perror("【错误】附加主进程失败"); return false; } int status; if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0) { perror("【错误】等待主进程失败"); return false; } pid_t threads[64]; int thread_count = get_threads(pid, threads, 64); if (thread_count == 0) { fprintf(stderr, "【警告】未找到任何线程\n"); return false; } for (int i = 0; i < thread_count; i++) { pid_t tid = threads[i]; if (tid == pid) continue; if (ptrace(PTRACE_ATTACH, tid, NULL, NULL) < 0) { perror("【错误】附加子线程失败"); continue; } if (waitpid(tid, &status, 0) < 0) { perror("【错误】等待子线程失败"); ptrace(PTRACE_DETACH, tid, NULL, NULL); continue; } printf("【已附加线程】tid=%d\n", tid); } return true; } // 修复3: 正确设置硬件断点 bool set_hw_breakpoint(pid_t pid, pid_t thread_id, uintptr_t addr, int len, int type) { // 选择寄存器集类型 int nt_type = (type == 0) ? NT_ARM_HW_BREAK : NT_ARM_HW_WATCH; struct user_hwdebug_state dbg_regs; struct iovec iov = { .iov_base = &dbg_regs, .iov_len = sizeof(dbg_regs) }; // 获取当前状态 if (ptrace(PTRACE_GETREGSET, thread_id, nt_type, &iov) < 0) { perror("【错误】PTRACE_GETREGSET获取失败"); return false; } // 查找空闲槽位 int slot = -1; for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) { if (dbg_regs.dbg_regs[i].addr == 0) { slot = i; break; } } if (slot == -1) { fprintf(stderr, "【错误】线程%d无可用硬件断点\n", thread_id); return false; } // 设置控制寄存器 uint64_t ctrl_value = 0; if (type == 0) { // 执行断点 ctrl_value = (1 << 0) | // 启用 (0b01 << 8); // 用户空间(EL0) } else { // 观察点 // 计算BAS掩码 uint64_t bas = 0; switch (len) { case 1: bas = 0x1; break; case 2: bas = 0x3; break; case 4: bas = 0xF; break; case 8: bas = 0xFF; break; default: fprintf(stderr, "【错误】无效长度: %d\n", len); return false; } ctrl_value = (1 << 0) | // 启用 (0b01 << 8); // 用户空间(EL0) // 设置类型 if (type == 1) { // 读 ctrl_value |= (0b01 << 3); // Load } else if (type == 2) { // 写 ctrl_value |= (0b10 << 3); // Store } else if (type == 3) { // 读写 ctrl_value |= (0b11 << 3); // Load/Store } // 设置长度(BAS) ctrl_value |= (bas << 16); } // 设置地址和控制寄存器 dbg_regs.dbg_regs[slot].addr = addr; dbg_regs.dbg_regs[slot].ctrl = ctrl_value; // 应用设置 if (ptrace(PTRACE_SETREGSET, thread_id, nt_type, &iov) < 0) { perror("【错误】PTRACE_SETREGSET设置失败"); return false; } printf("【线程%d断点设置成功】 地址:0x%llx 类型:%s 长度:%d字节\n", thread_id, (unsigned long long)addr, type == 0 ? "执行" : type == 1 ? "读" : type == 2 ? 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