git crlf lf

### 解决 Intellij IDEA 中 Git 关于 CRLF 和 LF 行尾符的问题 在 Windows 环境下，默认情况下，IntelliJ IDEA 使用 `CRLF` 作为行结束符，而远程仓库中的代码则可能是 `LF` 结束符。当升级 Git 或者跨平台协作时，可能会遇到所有文件都显示为修改过的情况[^1]。 #### 设置全局配置以统一处理行尾符 为了防止因不同操作系统间的行尾符差异引起不必要的麻烦，可以在本地计算机上设置 Git 的核心属性 `autocrlf`： 对于 Windows 用户来说，推荐的设置如下： ```bash git config --global core.autocrlf true ``` 这条命令告诉 Git 在检出文本文件时自动将行尾转换成适合当前系统的格式（即 `CRLF`），而在提交文件至仓库前再将其转回 Linux/MacOS 所使用的 `LF` 格式[^4]。 如果希望完全禁用这种自动化行为，则应执行下面这句指令： ```bash git config --global core.autocrlf input ``` 此设定仅会在推送之前把行结尾标准化为 `LF`，而不改变工作目录内的文件形式。 #### 修改现有项目的行尾符 针对已经存在的项目，若发现由于行尾符的不同而导致大量看似无意义的变化被标记出来，那么可以通过以下方式清理这些变化： 先克隆一份新的副本到本地磁盘，并确保 `.gitattributes` 文件存在于根路径下；如果没有该文件的话，请手动创建它。接着向其中添加一行指定如何对待特定类型的文件： ``` * text=auto eol=lf ``` 上述配置意味着所有被认为是纯文本性质的文件都将采用 Unix 风格的换行符 (`\n`) 进行存储。 最后一步是要强制刷新整个库的状态，使新规则生效： ```bash rm .git/index # 清除索引缓存 git reset # 恢复暂存区状态 git add . git commit -m "Normalize all line endings" ``` 通过以上步骤即可有效解决因为行尾符不一致所引发的各种困扰。

### Git CRLF to LF Conversion Configuration and Solutions In environments where developers work across different operating systems (Windows, Linux, macOS), line ending differences can cause issues when sharing code through Git repositories. Windows traditionally uses Carriage Return Line Feed (`\r\n` or CRLF) while Unix-like systems including Linux and macOS use only Line Feed (`\n` or LF). To address this issue within Git projects, specific configurations help ensure consistency. To configure Git so that it converts all carriage returns from CRLF format used by Windows into the simpler LF format preferred on Unix-based platforms during commits: #### Setting Up Core Autocrlf Globally A global setting ensures consistent behavior across multiple local repositories without needing individual adjustments per project. ```bash git config --global core.autocrlf input ``` This command instructs Git to convert CRLFs to LFs upon committing files but leaves existing line endings untouched in checked-out content[^1]. For users who exclusively operate within Unix/Linux/macOS ecosystems and wish to enforce strict LF usage both ways—when checking out as well as committing changes—the following alternative may be more appropriate: ```bash git config --global core.eol lf git config --global core.autocrlf false ``` These settings prevent any automatic conversion of line endings at checkout time yet still allow manual specification via `.gitattributes`. #### Using .gitattributes File for Fine-grained Control The repository-specific file named `.gitattributes` allows defining rules about how certain types of files should handle end-of-line characters independently of user preferences set globally. This approach provides finer control over which files undergo transformation based on patterns matching filenames or paths relative to root directory. An example entry might look like this inside your `.gitattributes`: ```plaintext * text=auto eol=lf *.sh text eol=lf *.bat text eol=crlf ``` Such entries tell Git what kind of treatment each type of file receives regarding its EOL style; here `text=auto` means let Git decide automatically whether a file contains textual data suitable for normalization according to platform conventions before applying specified `eol=` directive explicitly stating desired output form after processing. By implementing these strategies, teams collaborating remotely can maintain uniformity concerning their source codes' formatting aspects despite varying development setups they employ locally.